Anatomy Reproductive female Flashcards
What are some examples of the following?
Gonads
ducts
Accessory glands and organs
External genitalia
Gonads – produce gametes and hormones
Ducts – uterine tubes
Accessory glands and organs – uterus, vagina, paraurethral glands, greater vestibular gland, mammary glands
External genitalia – labia, clitoris
What are the functions of the female reproductive system?
Produce ova Receive spermatozoa Provide environment for fertilization Provide environment for fetal development Expel developed fetus Provide nutrition to newborn
What is produced in the ovaries?
What sex hormones are produced?
What do the ovaries secrete?
Produce immature gametes called oocytes
Produces sex hormones called Estrogens, and progesterone
Secrete inhibin, which helps control pituitary FSH production
What are the functions of Estrogens?
Estrogens – steroid hormone, controls development and regulation of female reproductive system, including secondary sex characteristics
What are the functions of Progesterone?
Progesterone – breast development, preparation of uterus for implantation and pregnancy
Abdominopelvic organs are supported and stabilized by what?
Abdominopelvic organs supported and stabilized by portions of the mesentery (broad ligament and mesovarium)
What are the phases of the ovarian cycle?
Follicular phase
Luteal Phase
Uterine tube
AKA Fallopian tubes
Hollow muscular cylinder about 5” long:
Infundibulum = expanded portion closest to ovary;
fimbriae extend over surface of ovary
Ampulla = middle region
Isthmus = short segment connected
to uterine wall
Epithelium = ciliated columnar epithelium with mucin secreting cells
Smooth muscle layers (circular) surround mucosa
Oocytes are transported by combination of ciliary movement and peristaltic contractions
Lipid and glycoprotein-rich environment nourishes the oocyte and spermatozoa
What are the functions of the uterus?
Protects, nourishes and removes wastes for developing embryo and fetus
What are the structures of the uterus?
Suspensory ligaments stabilize uterus Internal anatomy: Fundus Body Isthmus Cervix – protects uterus from bacterial infiltration Uterine wall
What are the three layers of the Uterine wall? What are the functions of these layers?
Myometrium – middle muscular layer
Endometrium – inner glandular layer or mucosa, divided into strata basalis and functionalis.
Perimetrium – outer serosal layer
What are the functions of the vagina?
go over slide 18
Passage for elimination of menstrual fluids
Receives penis during intercourse and holds sperm
Forms lower part of birth canal
What is the functions of Paraurethral glands, AKA Skene’s glands or lesser vestibular glands
Paraurethral glands, AKA Skene’s glands or lesser vestibular glands, are the equivalent of the male prostate gland; they discharge into the urethra and are the source of female ejaculate during orgasm
What is the functions of Greater vestibular glands, AKA Bartholin’s glands
Greater vestibular glands, AKA Bartholin’s glands, are the equivalent of the male bulbourethral glands; they secrete mucous for lubrication during sexual arousal
