Lymph/Hematologic

Question 1

What are the components of the hematologic system (3)

Answer 1

Plasma (55% of total blood)
Buffy coat (<1% of total blood)
Erythrocytes (45% of total blood)

Question 2

Erythrocytes aka
Leukocytes aka
Buffy coat is composed of?

Answer 2

RBC
WBC
leukocytes and platelets

Question 3

Serum vs Plasma

Answer 3

Plasma is the liquid cell free portion of blood containing fibrinogen

Serum is the liquid part of blood after coagulation so no fibrinogen (removal of clotting cascade)

Question 4

What is the median hemoglobin count for men vs woman

Around 70% of the amount of iron we need is in

Answer 4

M: 15
W: 13

hemoglobin

Question 5

Your body’s process of making red blood cells

where does it occur

Answer 5

erythropoiesis

In both the -
spleen: early development
bone marrow: after birth

Question 6

Most common signs of hematologic disorders

Answer 6

edema - lymphedema, pulmonary edema
congestion
bleeding and bruising

Question 7

Hemoglobin

Answer 7

a protein in red blood cells that allows them to carry oxygen

heme containing iron = red color
globin helps carry and hold oxygen

Question 7

A lack of enough healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin to carry oxygen to the body’s tissues (overall decrease in hemoglobin)

causes of this?

who is at higher risk?

Answer 7

Anemia

trauma/wound
GI cancers
excessive menstruation

woman

Question 8

Edema

Lymphedema

Lymph

Answer 8

swelling caused by too much fluid trapped in the body’s tissues

build up of lymph fluid

clear fluid in the body that contains WBC that collects fluid from tissues and returns them to the bloodstream

Question 9

Ways to diagnose anemia

what is MCV (mean corpuscular volume)

Answer 9

complete blood count
hb test
hct test

Hct x 10 / RBC count

Question 10

Hemoglobin vs hematocrit

Answer 10

Hematocrit is the % of red blood cells in your body
Hemoglobin is a part of your red blood cells

Question 11

Intrinsic factor

why would a person who is anemic need more than the daily value?

Answer 11

A substance secreted by the stomach that enables the body to absorb vitamin b12

Because they do not have enough intrinsic factor they need more than the daily value in order for their body to absorb it

Question 12

Total body content of iron for men vs woman

heme vs non heme iron

Answer 12

M: 4g
W: 2.5g

H: found in animal flesh
N: found in whole grains, nuts, etc

Question 13

Ferritin
what does it mean when a ferritin test is low

Answer 13

blood protein that contains iron
the body’s iron stores is low

Question 14

Causes of iron deficiency anemia

is it more common in

symptoms

components of PICA (an abnormal desire to eat non food substances)

Answer 14

poor nutrition, GI tracts, menstrual, vegans, heart failure, chronic kidney disease

woman

fatigue, headaches, shortness of breath

Ice, starch, paper

Question 15

Chronic complications of iron deficiency

Answer 15

cachexia, renal damage, ketosis, decrease in monocytes or NK cells, heart failure

Question 16

Medical management of iron deficiency anemia

Answer 16

-screening and monitoring - endoscopy, colonoscopy,
-ultrasound
-oral supplement
-exercise
-intravenous iron

Question 17

Functions of the lymphatic system

lymph means

Answer 17

-part of immunity
-drainage of watery fluid called lymph
-returns fluid back to the heart

clear fluid

Question 18

-Concept of capillary exchange-

osmotic pressure
hydrostatic pressure
what is it

Answer 18

-the movement of fluid from the interstitial fluid back into the capillaries
-the pressure that forces fluid out of the capillary
-the exchange of material (nutrients, hormones etc) between the blood and tissues of capillaries

Question 19

3 characteristics of lymphatic capillaries

Answer 19

very small
very permeable
held in place by collagen

Question 20

How many L of plasma flow out of capillaries each day
How much is reabsorbed

Answer 20

20
17

Question 21

What happens when lymphatic pressure is greater than tissue hydrostatic pressure
What is the order of lymph circulation

Answer 21

Lymphedema

Capillaries to vessels to trunks to ducts, ducts dump the lymph into the jugular and subclavian veins

Question 22

A special type of lymph vessel
Where are they found

Answer 22

lacteal
small intestine

Question 23

What do lymph nodes contain

Lymphoid organs include

What are peyer’s patches

Answer 23

WBC (macrophages/dendritic cells, T cells, NK cells)

Spleen, bone marrow, thymus, tonsils

clusters of lymphoid follicles found in the intestine

Question 24

Of the lymphoid organ the spleen what is white pulp vs red pulp

Answer 24

white: lymph node WBC
red: blood, break down and recycle RBC

Question 25

Lymphangitis

Lymphadentitis

Lymphedema

Answer 25

inflammation of the lymph vessels

acute infection with inflammation of lymph nodes

absence or obstruction of lymphatic vessels (NOT an infection)

Question 26

Benign/ malignant neoplasm (new growth) of lymph nodes

Answer 26

Lymphangioma/Lymphangiosarcoma

Question 27

Diagnosis of lymphedema

clinical complications

medical management

Answer 27

ultrasound, MRI/CT

cellulitis, deep vein thrombosis, functional impairments

exercise, nutrition, lymphatic massage

Question 28

Lymphedema functional vs structural impairment

causes of lymphedema

Answer 28

S: high protein/lipid, lymph node with or without WBC
F: lymph node deterioration with inflammation

• hereditary, aplasia, filariasis