Lymph Heart Flashcards
Syndrome cause by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and transmitted through body fluids via sexual contact or intravenous exposure. HIV attacks the helper T cells, which diminish the immune response
AIDS
Extreme form of allergic response in which the patient suffers severely decreased blood pressure and constriction of the airways.
Anaphylaxis
Immune system’s overreaction to irritants that are perceived as antigens. The substance that causes the irritation is called an allergen. Also called hypersensitivity.
Allergy
A decrease in red blood cells, hemoglobin, and/or hematocrit
Anemia
*
a condition in which the body produces an immune response against its own tissue constituents
Autoimmunity
Blood samples are submitted to propagate microorganisms that may be present. Cultures may be indicated for bacteremia or septicemia, or to discover other pathogens
Blood cultures
Intravenous transfer of blood from a donor to a recipient, giving either whole blood or its components
Blood transfusion
The transplant of bone marrow to stimulate production of normal blood cells
Bone marrow transplant (BMT)
Twelve tests, including RBC, WBC, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit/packed cell volume (Hct/PCV), and diff (WBC differential.
Complete blood count (CBC)
Bad mixture. Used to describe diseases of the blood or bone marrow
Dyscrasia
Measure of the percentage of red blood cells (RBCs) in the blood
Hematocrit (Hct)
Measure of iron-containing pigment of red blood cells (RBCs) that carries oxygen to tissues
Hemoglobin (Hgb) or (Hb)
Breaking down of blood
Hemolysis
Attraction condition of blood. Group of inherited bleeding disorders characterized by a deficiency of one of the factors necessary for the coagulation of blood. Blood does not clot normally.
Hemophilia
*
Rapid loss of blood, usually due to a ruptured blood vessel
Hemorrhage
The control of bleeding by mechanical or chemical means
Hemostasis
Deficient volume of circulating blood
Hypovolemia
A type of blood cancer that begins in the bone marrow. Bone marrow is where cells are produced (i.e white blood cells)
Leukemia*
Abnormal increase in white blood cells (WBCs).
Leukocytosis
Disease of the lymph nodes or vessels that may be localized or generalized
Lymphadenopathy
Radiographic visualization of a part of the lymphatic system after injection with a radiopaque substance.
Lymphangiography
Accumulation of lymphatic fluid and resultant swelling caused by obstruction, removal, or hypoplasia of lymph vessels
Lymphedema
Increase in the number of mononuclear cells (monocytes and lymphocytes) in the blood caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Can result in splenomegaly, enlarged spleen.
Mononucleosis
Deficiency of all blood cells caused by dysfunctional stem cells
Pancytopenia
*
Process in which the liquid in the blood, or plasma, is separated from the cells
Plasmapheresis
Bleeding disorder characterized by hemorrhage into the tissues
Purpura
Removal of the spleen
Splenectomy
Deficiency of platelets that causes an inability of the blood to clot. The most common cause of bleeding disorders.
Thrombocytopenia
The ways that the body has acquired antibodies to specific diseases (Can be active passive, natural, or artificial)
Acquired immunity
When blood cells clump together as a result of escaping their normal vessels.
Agglutination
The antibody to agglutinogen
Agglutinin
In blood, antigens are called agglutinogens because their presence can cause the blood to clump
Agglutinogen
The body produces antibodies that nullify, or neutralize, the antigens
Antibody
Substances that produce an immune reaction by their nature of being perceived as foreign to the body
Antigen
Use a process called humoral immunity (aka antibody-mediated immunity). They secrete antibodies to “poison” their enemies.
B cells
Combat parasites and release histamine and heparin which heal damaged tissue. Absorb basic dye and stain a bluish color. Type of granulocyte.
Basophil
Transports gases, chemical substances, and cells that defend the body. Regulates the body’s fluid and electrolyte balance, acid-base balance, and regulates temperature. Protects the body from infection. Protection of the body from loss of blood by the action of clotting
Blood
The process of changing a liquid to a solid
Coagulation
Chemical messengers secreted by cells of the immune system that direct immune cellular interactions
Cytokine
Cells that absorb an acidic dye, which causes them to appear reddish. Defend body against allergens and parasites. Type of granulocyte.
Eosinophil
Red Blood Cells (RBCs)
Erythrocyte
Process of blood formation
Hematopoiesis
A protein-iron pigment that helps transport O2 and CO2 throughout the body. Red blood cells carry O2 and CO2.
Hemoglobin
Control of blood flow; that is, stopping the bleeding
Hemostasis
A “steady state.” A continual balancing act of the body systems to provide an internal environment that is compatible with life
Homeostasis
*
Resistance of an organism to infectious diseases
Immunity
Antibodies
Immunoglobulins (Ig)
A type of cytokine that sends messages among leukocytes to direct productive action
Interleukin
White blood cells (WBCs)
Leukocyte
Fluid that circulates through the lymphatic system
Lymph
Also known as lymph glands, filter the debris produced by macrophages. Can become enlarged when pathogens are present.
Lymph node
Carry lymph via valves (one-way vessels)
Lymph vessel
Aka phagocytes because they specialize in phagocytosis. Combat bacteria in pyogenic infections. Consume and remove debris. Do not absorb acidic or basic die, so they are purple in color. Type of granulocyte.
Neutrophil
Liquid portion of blood
Plasma
White blood cells that have small grains within the cytoplasm and multibodied nuclei
Polymorphonucleocyte (granulocytes)
An antigen important in pregnancy. A mismatch between the fetus and the mother can cause erythroblastosis fetalis.
Rh factor
Plasma minus the clotting proteins
Serum
Organ in the lymphatic system. Located in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen and serves to filter, store and produce blood cells; remove RBCs; and activate B lymphocytes.
Spleen
All blood cells originate from a single
type of cell called a stem cell
Stem cell
Neutralize enemies through cell-mediated immunity. They attack antigens directly. They are effective against fungi, cancer cells, protozoa, and organ transplants
T cell
Also called clotting cells, cell fragments, or platelets
Thrombocyte
The thymus gland is located in the mediastinum and develops T lymphocytes (T cells)
Thymus
Lymphatic tissue that helps protect the entrance to the respiratory and digestive systems. An organ in the lymphatic system.
Tonsil
Bas/o
Base
Cyt/o
Cell
Eosin/o
Rosy-colored
Erythr/o
Red
Hem/o, Hemat/o
Blood
Home/o
Same
Immune/o
Safety, protection
Leuk/o
White
Lymph/o, Lymphat/o
Lymph
Lymphaden/o
Lymph gland (node)
Lymphangi/o
Lymph vessel
Morph/o
Shape
Neutr/o
Neutral
Plasm/o
Plasma
Thromb/o
Clotting, clot
-crasia
Mixture
-cytosis
abnormal increase in cells
-edema
Swelling
-emia
Blood condition
-fusion
Pouring
-gen
Producing
-in
Substance
-kine
Movement
-lysis
Breaking down
-pathy
Disease process
-penia
Deficiency
-phil
Attraction
-philia
Attraction condition
-poiesis
Formation
-stasis
Controlling, stopping
Anti-
against
Auto-
self
Dys-
Bad, abnormal
Inter-
between
Pan-
all
Poly-
many, excessive
Trans-
across
