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Medical Terminology > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

dia-

A

through

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2
Q

dys-

A

bad, abnormal

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3
Q

endo/end-

A

within

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4
Q

epi-

A

above, upon

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5
Q

inter-

A

between

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6
Q

peri-

A

surrounding, around

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7
Q

syn-

A

together

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8
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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9
Q

-centesis

A

surgical procedure

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10
Q

-clasis

A

intentional breaking

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11
Q

-desis

A

binding

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12
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording

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13
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

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14
Q

-listhesis

A

slipping

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15
Q

-lysis

A

breakdown, destruction

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16
Q

-malacia

A

softening

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17
Q

-physis

A

growth

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18
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

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19
Q

-scopy

A

process of viewing

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20
Q

-trophy

A

process of nourishment, development

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21
Q

arthro/o

A

joint

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22
Q

burs/o

A

bursa

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23
Q

chondr/o

A

rib

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24
Q

dactyl/o

A

finger, toe, digitus

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25
Q

electr/o

A

electricity

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26
Q

fasci/o

A

fascia

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27
Q

my/o

A

muscle

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28
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow, spinal cord

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29
Q

oste/o

A

bone

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30
Q

plant/o

A

sole

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31
Q

prosthes/o

A

addition

32
Q

rhabdomy/o

A

skeletal muscle

33
Q

spondyl/o

A

vertebra

34
Q

syndesm/o

A

ligament

35
Q

tendin/o

A

tendon

36
Q

vertebro/o

A

vertebra

37
Q

arthrocentesis

A

surgical puncture of a joint to remove fluid

38
Q

binding or stabilization of a join by operative means ______

A

arthrodesis

39
Q

general term meaning surgical repair of a joint is _______

A

arthroplasty

40
Q

What is a visual examination of a joint, accomplished by use of an arthroscope?

A

arthroscopy

41
Q

What is bursitis?

A

inflammation of a bursa

42
Q

compression injury that manifests itself as fluctuating pain, numbness, and paresthesias of the hand caused by compression of the median nerve at the wrist
is known as _______

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

43
Q

What is inflammation of the cartilage of the ribs?

A

costochondritis

44
Q

What is the procedure that records the electrical activity of muscles?

A

electromyography

45
Q

protrusion of the central part of the disk that lies between the vertebrae, resulting in compression of the nerve root and pain is known as _____

A

Herniated intervertebral disk

46
Q

______ is a group of disorders characterized as an inherited progressive atrophy of skeletal muscle without neural involvement

A

muscular dystrophy

47
Q

_______ is a joint disease characterized by degenerative articular cartilage and a wearing down of the bones’ edges at a joint; considered a “wear and tear” disorder. aka degenerative joint disease.

A

osteoarthritis

48
Q

What is a refracture of a bone?

A

osteoclasis

49
Q

_______ is softening of bone caused by loss of minerals from the bony matrix as a result of vitamin D deficiency. for children, its called rickets

A

Osteomalacia

50
Q

What is inflammation of the bone and bone marrow?

A

Osteomyelitis

51
Q

loss of bone mass, which results in the bones being fragile and at risk for fractures is known as _____

A

osteoporosis

52
Q

Fractures that result from an underlying disease are _____

A

pathologic fractures

53
Q

What causes inflammation of the fascia on the sole of the foot?

A

plantar fasciitis

54
Q

A ______ is an artificial body part that is constructed to replace missing limbs, eyes and other body parts

A

prosthesis

55
Q

What is the breakdown of started/skeletal muscle?

A

Rhabdomyolsis

56
Q

inflammatory joint disease believed to be autoimmune in nature; occurs in a much younger population is known as _____

A

rheumatoid arthritis

57
Q

abnormal condition of narrowing of the spinal canal with attendant pain, sometimes caused by osteoarthritis or spondylolisthesis
is known as ______

A

spinal stenosis

58
Q

An abnormal condition characterized by stiffening of the vertebral joints is ______;

A

spondylosis

59
Q

What is the condition resulting from the partial forward dislocation of one vertebra over the one beneath it?

A

spondylolisthesis

60
Q

What is subluxation?

A

Partial dislocation

61
Q

What is the condition of the joining of the fingers or toes, giving them a webbed appearance?

A

syndactyly

62
Q

What is surgical repair of a ligament?

A

syndesmoplasty

63
Q

What is inflammation of a tendon?

A

tendinitis

64
Q

________ consists of the shoulder bones, collar bones, pelvic bones, arms and legs

A

appendicular skeleton

65
Q

_____ is the joint between bones/cartilage

A

articulation

66
Q

The _______ consists of the skull, rib cage, and spine

A

axial skeleton

67
Q

What is bone depression?

A

a groove, opening or hollow space

68
Q

Raised or projected areas are known as ______

A

bone process

69
Q

_____ are sacs of fluid located between the bones of the joint and the tendons that hold the muscles in place

A

bursa

70
Q

What is another name for flexible connective tissue?

A

Cartilage

71
Q

Tough fibrous covering of the muscles is known as _____

A

fascia

72
Q

_____ are fibrous bands of tissue that attach bones to other bones

A

Ligaments

73
Q

Tissue that is composed of cells with the ability to contract and relax is _____

A

muscle

74
Q

What are bands of tissue that attach muscle to bones?

A

tendons

75
Q

One of the 26 bones of the spine is the _____

A

vertebra

Medical Terminology (12 decks)

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