Lule Chapter 8: Movies Flashcards
1
Q
Impact of COVID-19
A
- Theaters closed and blockbuster films release delayed
- Many movies went straight to streaming services like Disney+, HBO Max, and Netflix
2
Q
Kinetoscope (1891)
A
- film viewing cabinet
- gave viewers the illusion of a moving image
- predecessor to the motion picture projector
3
Q
Celluloid film strip
A
- A celluloid film strip is a thin, transparent type of film that was coated with light-sensitive chemicals to record images
- A perforated celluloid film strip with a sequence of images on it was rapidly spooled between a lightbulb and a lens on the kinetoscope
4
Q
Kinetograph
A
- the kinetograph was the camera that produced kinetoscope film sequences
- first motion picture camera
5
Q
Cinématographe (1895)
A
- a lightweight film projector
- variation of the kinetoscope, used throughout Europe
- basis for cinema
- smaller/lighter than kinetograph
- In December 1895, the Lumières held the world’s first ever commercial film screening
6
Q
Vitascope (1896)
A
- improved projector with new international patent
- first film screening with it was held in April 1896
7
Q
Lumière brothers, Auguste and Louis
A
- created the cinematographe
8
Q
Georges Méliès
A
- in 1902, Meiles, a former magician, started using special effects in film
- trick films were films that contained techniques (originated by Meiles), such as stop motion photography that made objects disappear, reappear, and transform
- Trip to the Moon
9
Q
Nickelodeon Craze (1904-1908)
A
- Nickelodeons were the earliest motion picture theaters, often housed in converted storefronts
- Nickelodeons’ popularity established film as a mass medium
- Action films such as The Great Train Robbery (1903)
10
Q
Motion Picture Patents Co. (MPPC)
A
- Formed in 1908
- It pooled the most significant motion picture patents and established an exclusive contract between these companies and a supplier of film stock
- A monopoly that gave control of movie industry to certain licensed companies—it aimed to shut out competition
11
Q
Rise of the Feature
A
- longer movies, but told a story
- narratives increased income for theaters
- shorter, tired narratives would not hold audiences’ attention forever
12
Q
Talkies
A
- a film that uses dialogue
- 1927—“Talkies” went into production and meant the demise of silent film
13
Q
Jazz Singer
A
first talkie
14
Q
Thomas Edison’s “Edison Company”
A
- created the Vitascope (and its earlier counterpart, the kinetoscope)
- he became a super-force in the world of film
15
Q
Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA)
A
- formed in 1922
- created by Hollywood studios to protect themselves from censorship
- rating system to self-censor, which is designed to alert viewers to the age-appropriateness of a film
16
Q
Technicolor (1932)
A
- early color
- hand painting films (such as employed by Melies), was impractical for mass produced films
17
Q
Rise of the Hollywood Studio
A
- Vertically integrated
- Hollywood became site for 60% of U.S. film production
18
Q
Paramount decision
A
- By 1930, eight studios produced 95 percent of all American films
- The five most influential of these—being Waner Bros, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, RKO, 20th century fox, and Paramount—were vertically integrated, that is, they controlled every part of the system as it related to their films, from production, to release, distribution, and even viewing
19
Q
Hollywood Blacklist (1950s)
A
Hollywood’s blacklisting due to fear of communism where over 324 individuals lost their jobs
20
Q
Movies: 1960s
A
- Youth culture
- Younger demographic brought theaters with films that bucked conventional social order
- Stanley Kubrick’s 2001 A Space Odyssey (1968)
21
Q
Movies: 1990s
A
- growth of CGI
- independent films were introduced
- The Matrix (1999) had special effects
22
Q
Movies: 2000
A
- revolution in CGI and computer animation
- technical innovations allowed for more complex fantasy worlds and special effects
23
Q
Birth of a Nation (1915)
A
- First blockbuster
- Paints racist stereotypes as a critique of Integration after the Civil War
- D.W. Griffith experimented with different shots, angles, and editing
24
Q
Evolution of War Films
A
evolution toward cynicism and anxiety
25
Q
Films influence on various social issues
A
rise of more mainstream documentary films in the early 2000s
26
Q
Blockbusters
A
- Big name actors, action, moving plots, sweeping music, and other elements help make a blockbuster
- Studios rely on blockbusters to keep afloat, such as Marvel’s Avengers series
27
Q
Sequels
A
- Audiences return for sequels and studios pay large advances to production team
- Studios look for aftermarket marketability in the films they produce: games, TV rights, book, toys, DVD releases
28
Q
New Wave Movement
A
French New Wave movement featured an independent production style that showcased the personal authorship of its young directors
29
Q
Parasite
A
first international film to win Best Picture
30
Q
Streaming
A
- Streaming is a notion of sending digital content over the internet to any kind of connected device and developed in the 1990s
- The current model of Hollywood just wasn’t built to survive without theaters, because streaming does not bring in as many viewers or as much money than as the big theater chains
- More movies than ever are being streamed, and streaming is decreasingly looked at as a lesser form of entertainment
31
Q
Movies: 1970s
A
- computer generated special effects created many blockbusters
- “Star Wars” came out in 1977 and used special effects
32
Q
Global Auteurs
A
- International films
- European filmmakers, auteurs, influenced many American directors, especially from the 1940s through the 1960s
