Lule Chapter 11: Social media

Question 1

Distributed network

Answer 1

• a web of computers connected to one another, includes a host with an IP address
• in a distributed network, one cannot knock out a central computer

Question 2

ARPANET – DARPA

Answer 2

• In 1973, the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) began research on protocols to allow its computers to communicate over a distributed network
• The early internet was called ARPANET, after the U.S. Advanced Research Projects Agency (which added “Defense” to its name and became DARPA in 1973), and was made for universities

Question 3

hypertext markup language, HTML

Answer 3

• language so computers could communicate
• Hypertext became a new word for text that goes beyond the boundaries of a single document and that could include links (hyperlinks), images, and other components

Question 4

Tim Berners-Lee

Answer 4

• “the father of the World Wide Web”
• developed hypertext markup language

Question 5

America Online/ AOL, 1991

Answer 5

• first commercial (free) web browser
• born out of Q-Link

Question 6

Browser Wars (4 broswer)

Answer 6

• Mosaic (University of Illinois), first to make its mark
• Internet Explorer (Microsoft)
• Netscape Navigator 1990s, now Mozilla firefox
• Chrome (Google), 2008

Question 7

Email (1971)

Answer 7

• Ray Tomlinson
• SNDMSG
• name@gmail.com tells the hose “gmail.com” to drop the message into the folder belonging to “name”

Question 8

Geo cities

Answer 8

• GeoCities allowed users to build web pages about a topic, like Broadway or education

Question 9

What social media app released in 2004?

Answer 9

• Facebook
• following Friendster, LinkedIn, MySpace, Skype

Question 10

What social media apps released in 2005?

Answer 10

• YouTube
• Reddit

Question 11

What social media app released in 2006?

Answer 11

Twitter

Question 12

What social media app released in 2010?

Answer 12

Instagram

Question 13

What social media app released in 2011?

Answer 13

Snapchat

Question 14

What social media app released in 2017?

Answer 14

TikTok

Question 15

social media & the 2008 election

Answer 15

• the Facebook election
• the first election in which all candidates attempted to connect directly with American voters via online social networking sites

Question 16

2016 disinformation

Answer 16

2016 saw allegations of foreign interference on the election using social media platforms

Question 17

Cambridge Analytica

Answer 17

Data on 87 million people through Facebook

Question 18

Social Media Advertising Model

Answer 18

• Demographic information given in people’s profiles allows marketers to target advertising extremely efficiently
• As one scrolls through social media, the media company is renting the consumer’s eyes to their advertisers
• “Social commerce” is the process of selling products directly on social media

Question 19

Fake News

Answer 19

• Originally used by journalists and scholars to call out false stories created for political or economic gain
• Donald Trump turned the term back on the mainstream media and called stories that he didn’t like “fake news”

Question 20

Net Neutrality

Answer 20

• The concept that service providers should treat all online content equally
• No one should have their internet service slowed down/blocked because someone else paid more

Question 21

Unsent 1979

Answer 21

like an electronic version of community bulletin boards, emerged for socialization and collaboration

Question 22

Wikipedia

Answer 22

• Developed to make information free and available to all
• Wikipedia guidelines require verifiability instead of “factual content”, which is content that is reliable and vetted (examined)
• Care must be taken to check references

Question 23

Filter bubbles

Answer 23

• People’s social media feeds provide them with information that they want to believe or already believe
• Political supporters of a certain group, from this perspective, likely will not see information that contradicts their theories