LT14 Understandinng Autism

Question 1

What is autism

Answer 1

Autism is a developmental disorder that affects two in 1000 people and is more prevalent in boys and girls. What is a present from birth and will be diagnosed early on in childhood between the ages of two and four

Question 2

Give three three negative characteristics autism

Answer 2

Poor empathising ability-people find it difficult to understand all read others emotions. Problems with communication with others-difficulty in talking, reading and understanding words as well as the lack of contact. Difficulty forming relationships and attachments, even with parents as well as interaction with others in social situations.

Question 3

Zwhat types of behaviours do autistic children develop

Answer 3

Ritualistic, repetitive and obsessive behaviour-people with autism can have many obsessions including computers, trains, hysterical dates and or TV programmes. They can become attached object such as a toy, model car even clothing. Repetitive behaviour can include rocking, finger flicking, headbanging and repetitive use of an object eg. Flicking a rubber band or twirling a piece of string

Question 4

For children with autism what about motor skills like

Answer 4

They either highly developed motor skills or inappropriate motor skills. Motorscooters our skills such as running, sitting upright or even learning how to write

Question 5

What is a savant

Answer 5

Specialise in a certain tasks-up to 10% of people with autism have a high ability in one special area, usually connected with systemising, such as playing a piano, doing maths,or drawing imperfect detail. These people are known as autistic savants

Question 6

How does autism affects the Childs development in terms of making friends

Answer 6

Difficulties making friends as autistic children tend to live in a world of their own. This is because I find it difficult empathising and understanding the thoughts of others so I find it hard to make friends. Parents should encourage autistic children to make friends are you on even if they seem to prefer being by themselves for example inviting other children home to play. This helps to prevent bullying. Autistic children often develop friendships through shared interests such as computers

Question 7

How does problems with communication affect an autistic child development

Answer 7

Autistic children find language, reading and writing difficult. They have difficulty understanding the meaning of words and sentences. This means I often use language without meaning for example they count without reference to objects. Autistic children may be able to speak well about a topic that interests them but are unlikely to engage in a two-way conversation about the topic. The non-verbal communication skills such as eye contact and gestures is often an appropriate

Question 8

What is the cognitive explanation of autism

Answer 8

Theory of mind

Question 9

What is theory of mind explain autism

Answer 9

Baron Coen having a theory of mind is to have the ability to view things from another person’s perspective. Autism can be explained by a lack of theory of mind that develops and young infants around 2 to 3 years old.

Question 10

What is an autistic child unable to do and according to TOM why

Answer 10

The child is unable to empathise or see life from another’s viewpoint. The lack of social skills and interaction is due to a failure to to understand the perceptions and intentions of others.

Question 11

According to the theory of mind why does language development suffer in autistic children

Answer 11

Language development suffers as communication is not a primary motivation

Question 12

What is the Sally Anne task for autistic children

Answer 12

Baron Coen use the Sallianne task to demonstrate how and autistic child child fails to understand that Sally will look in her basket for the ball. For example when a child watches anne hide a marble from Sally while she is absent, the child with a theory of mind will understand that, they knows where the marble is but that Sally doesn’t know where the marblis. Autistic children fail the doll test and say Sally will look for the marble where the child knows the marble is, rather than where Sally would think it is

Question 13

What is the biological explanation of autism

Answer 13

Extreme male brain

Question 14

What does Baron Coen explain about autistic children for the biologicalapproach

Answer 14

Baron Cohen explains that autistic people hello empathises and high systemises which suggests a link to male brain features

Question 15

What is suggested about the brain features of an autistic child and give three differences in autistic children

Answer 15

It is suggested that an autistic people, those male brain features are present to a greater extent than typical. This explains what autism is my prevalent in males than females. Males are typically stronger systemising tasks for example jigsaws where as females are better language and empathisingtasks for example matching words, pretending play and empathy. Mail brains grow more quickly than female brains during early development. And people with autism this early growth of the brain is even more rapid

Question 16

According to the biological approach what causes the difference in brain features in autistic children

Answer 16

The differences could because by the presence of testosterone in the world during early development which causes the male brain to develop distinctly different to the female brain. Mail brains have slightly larger amygdala than females, and young autistic children have them abnormally large. Most have a smaller Corpus callosum than females, and it is even smaller in those with autism

Question 17

How does the theory of mind help parents understanding of autism

Answer 17

The theory of mind exclamation house parts appreciate that child is lack of empathy towards other people’s emotions. It also helps them to understand that their child’s lack of language development, as people with ASD consider communication with others unnecessary to understand people’s motives.

Question 18

How does the Sallianne task help parents understand the Child’s disorder

Answer 18

Through the use of the Sallianne task, parents able to see first hand how their child is unable to see a situation from someone else’s view.

Question 19

According to the theory of mind how does it allow parents to understand what the children might be good at

Answer 19

The theory also helps parents to understand why their child may be very good at visio spatial tasks such as building structures.

Question 20

Four points on how the biological approach has helped parents to understand the child’s autism

Answer 20

Extreme male Brain explanation helps parents to understand why their sun is more likely to have autism than their daughter. It also helps parents to understand why the child has developed a skill specialism, particularly in systemising tasks such as jigsaws and Map reading. This theory also allows parents to understand why the child has underdeveloped and language: as this is considered a female brain skill. This explanation allows parents to understand the Childs disorder for a biological perspective and understand that it is caused by testosterone in the womb rather than their environmental influence, ensuring they do not blame themselves for the disorder.

Question 21

Give two similarities between the biological and the cognitive explanation for autism

Answer 21

Both theories explain autism by examining the lack of social skills of an autistic person and agreeing that autistic people are high systemises and low empathisers. Both series are supported by experimental research to assess social skills and perceptual cognitive ability.

Question 22

Give two differences between the biological and cognitive explanation of autism

Answer 22

Siri of mind simply looks at information processing in the brain stating that autistic people have no ability to understand other people’s thoughts. Extreme male brain explains how it is physical factors in the brains development prenatally that leads to the lack of empathy for others. In extreme male brain increased testosterone is responsible for faulty brain development, whereas the theory of mind simply focuses on general developmental problems