LSA Flashcards
What are the construction requirements of a free fall or davit launched lifeboat?
Ample stability when at sea.
A rigid hull, capable of maintaining positive stability in calm conditions and fully loaded.
Sufficient strength when being launched into the water.
Being able to be launched and towed when the vessel is making headway at 5 knots.
The lifeboat shall also be able to speed at 6 knots for 24 hours and when towing a 25-person lifeboat, it is able to be towed at 2 knots for 24 hours.
Be able to protect everyone inside the lifeboat when surrounded by a continuous fire for not less than 8 minutes, and also must provide breathable air inside for not less than 10 minutes.
What shall the launching equipment appliances be required to have?
Not depend on any means except for gravity or stored power.
Be possible to launch the lifeboat by only one person alone.
Be able to recover the nominated rescue boat fully loaded.
Be equipped with brakes capable of stopping the decent and holding it.
What are the mandatory markings on a lifeboat?
Dimensions of the lifeboat.
Maximum capacity of people on board.
The vessel name and port registry.
Means of identifying the specific lifeboat number and whom it belongs to.
Retro-reflective tape all around at intervals of 12”.
What equipment shall be carried on a lifeboat?
Oars.
Two boat hooks.
Buoyant bailer.
Two buckets.
Survival Manual.
Compass.
Sea anchor.
Two painters.
* Both equal lengths, not less than twice the distance from the stowage position or 15 meters whichever is the greater.
Two hatchets.
Watertight receptacles containing fresh water, 3 litres of water per person.
Three rustproof graduated drinking vessels.
Food rations.
* Not less than 10,000 kilojoules per person.
Four rocket parachute flares.
Six hand flares.
Two buoyant smoke floats.
One electric torch.
One signalling mirror.
Rescue signal tables.
One whistle or equivalent sound signal.
First aid kit.
Anti-seasickness medication, enough for 48 hours.
Jack knife attached with a lanyard.
Three tin openers.
Two buoyant rescue quoits.
With 30 meters of line.
Set of fishing tackle.
Tool for minor adjustments to the engine.
Two portable fire extinguishers.
Searchlight and radar reflector.
Thermal protective aid.
How should a lifeboat be launched from the stowage position?
Carry out external visual checks.
Muster crew and check their attire for abandon
Check communication.
Ensure the painter is stretched and made fast to the deck.
Remove gripes.
Load the boat with crew evenly to spread the load.
Make sure personnel have lifebelts on and make sure the bowman understands his jobs as well as any other allocated jobs given.
Confirm for verbal confirmation to abandon ship.
Once done so start the engine, close the hatches, and turn the air on if fitted.
Slowly release the brake until the lifeboat is fully out.
Release the brake again once the lifeboat stops swinging to descend to the water’s edge.
Once the lifeboat is above the water, remove the fall prevention device and lower the lifeboat into the water.
Once in the water remove the pin and release the on-load release system.
Make forward propulsion and release the painter.
How should a lifeboat be recovered to the stowage position?
Ensure the hooks and pins have been reset.
Standby bowman and stern man.
Manoeuvre the boat into a position of the hooks.
Attach hooks and sit down inside the lifeboat.
Request the weight to be taken and lifted out of the water slightly.
Check the pin position is in the ‘safe’ position, check hooks and insert the fall prevention device.
Recover and secure the boat.
What are the launching requirements of a free fall lifeboat?
Shall be launched when trimmed by a maximum of 10 degrees.
Shall be able to launch when listed by 20 degrees.
Must withstand a fall 1.3 times the certification height.
How does the release system on a free fall lifeboat work?
Two independent activation points are activated within the boat.
Must be able to release when loaded between nothing and 200% of carrying capacity.
Be able to test the release system.
Be protected against accidental release.
How should a free fall lifeboat be launched in an emergency situation?
Remove protection covers and check/ remove obstructions.
Check and open lashings/ entrance hatch or door.
Embark passenger loading from bow to stern.
Secure door/ hatches.
If there is a fire in the vicinity, start the air supply.
Assure everyone is ready, ‘Is anyone NOT ready?’.
Start engine.
Launch the lifeboat.
Start the sprinkler system and make headway to a safe area.
How should a free fall lifeboat be launched in an practice situation?
Alarm and muster all crew.
Make sure all crew know their duties.
Ensure the fall preventer device has been fitted and any other lashing are attached.
Everyone to board the lifeboat with the coxswain being last.
Make sure everyone is seated and strapped in properly.
If needed practice showing the crew how to start the engine in an emergency.
Show crew how the release mechanism works and practice release if needed (minimum crew onboard).
What are the construction requirements of a life raft?
Must be able to withstand 30 days afloat in all sea conditions.
Shall be able to withstand a drop height of 18 metres, if it is stored at a higher height on the ship a drop test must be carried out from this height.
Shall be able to withstand repeated jumps onto it from 4.5m.
Shall be able to be towed at a speed of 3 knots.
In the case of davit launching a life raft…
Shall be able to withstand lateral impact at a velocity not exceeding 3.5m/s.
Shall be able to withstand a drop from 3m.
Must have some way of pulling and holding the life raft alongside the embarkation deck.
Must be able to load to its full capacity rapidly.
What equipment should be found inside a life raft?
Rescue line (not less than 30m).
One non-folding knife.
One buoyant bailer.
Two sponges.
Two sea anchors.
Two buoyant paddles.
Three tin openers.
One pair of scissors.
First aid kit.
One whistle.
Four rocket parachute flares.
Six hand flares.
Two buoyant smoke floats.
One torch.
Radar reflector.
Signalling mirror.
Fishing tackle.
Food ration (not less than 10,000 kilojoules per person).
Water rations (1.5l per person).
Anti-seasickness tablets sufficient for 48hrs.
Survival instruction manual.
Instructions for immediate action.
Thermal protective aids for 10% of the number of persons.
What are the initial actions when within the life raft?
Cut - Cut the painter.
Stream - Stream the drogue.
Close - Close the doors.
Maintain - Maintain life within the life raft.
What is the life raft launching procedure?
Alarm (7 Short 1 Long).
Muster and headcount all crew, checking PPE and wearing proper attire.
Put over the embarkation ladder.
Remove the painter from the HRU and attach it a to strong point.
Look over the side and pull some slack on the painter.
Throw the life raft over the side and tug on the painter to inflate.
Crew to carefully descend the ladder and enter the life raft dry.
Inspect for any leaks.
Board all passengers.
Once boarded, cut the painter.
Stream the drogue.
Close the doors and maintain.
What is the davit life raft launching procedure?
Alarm (7 Short 1 Long).
Muster and headcount all crew, checking PPE and wearing proper attire.
Swing the davit outwards.
Pull out the connecting ring.
Connect that to the on/off load release system on the falls wire.
Pull out the spare painter and make it fast to a strong point.
Pull out the bowsing in lines and make them fast loosely at the side of the ship.
Look over the side and remove railings.
Hoist the life raft and slew into a position tightening up the bowsing lines.
Pull the short inflation line, the life raft inflates.
Pull in on the bowsing in lines and secure.
Nominates crew to go in and inspect.
Board all passengers one at a time and sit with backs to the chambers and feet to the centre.
Ease off on the bowsing in lines.
Coxswains look below to see if it is clear.
Pull the remote break release.
As the life raft descends about 3m above the water PRIME the on/off load release system.
As the life raft meets the water the on/off load release system should automatically release.
Pull the painter in short and cut it and get to a safe place.
Stream the drogue, close the door and maintain.
What are the required markings on a life raft?
Name and port of registry.
Maker’s name and trademark.
Serial number.
Capacity.
SOLAS.
Type of emergency pack (A, B, C).
Length of painter.
Launching instructions and last service date.
What are the construction requirements for a lifeboat?
May be rigid or inflatable or a combination of both.
No less than 3.8m and no more than 8.5m.
Be able to carry 5 people and one person on a stretcher.
Must be able to do 2kts when towing a life raft fully loaded.
Must have compartments for equipment.
Must be able to launch and towed when the vessel is making 5 knots.
Means of rapid recovery.
Must be able to maintain speed and manoeuvre at 6 knots for at least 4 hours.
Should be kept in a state of continuous readiness, launching within 5 minutes.
What equipment should be stored in a rescue boat?
Buoyant oars.
Buoyant bailer.
A compass.
A sea anchor.
A painter at the forward end of the boat.
One buoyant line not less than 50m in length.
Torch.
Whistle.
First aid kit.
Searchlight.
Radar reflector.
Thermal protective aids for 10% of the total persons.
Fire extinguisher.
What shall rigid rescue boats have aswell as the rest of the equipment required to be in a life boat?
A boat hook.
A bucket.
A knife.
What shall inflatable rescue boats have aswell as the rest of the equipment required to be in a life boat?
A safety knife.
Two sponges.
Manually operated pump.
A repair kit for punctures.
A safety boat hook.
How does an HRU work?
(Hydrostatic Release Unit)
As the vessel sinks.
The pressure builds within the HRU.
Which then releases a small knife that cuts the strap holding the life raft or EPIRB casing.
As the vessel continues to sink the life raft can float free which then causes the painter to be pulled.
Inflating the life raft.
This will put a strain on the weak link within the HRU and cause it to break between 1.8KN and 2.6KN
Causing the life raft to float free and surface.
What are the requirements for lifejackets?
Must be provided for everyone onboard the vessel.
Passenger ships, with voyages less than 24hrs, infant lifejackets must be provided for 2.5% of the number of passengers onboard.
Passenger ships, with voyages over 24hrs, shall provide an infant lifejacket to every infant onboard.
Life jackets suitable for children must be provided by at least 10% of the number of passengers onboard.
Working lifejackets shall not be included in the certification process.
Lifejackets must be donned within 1 minute.
It must be able to lift the mouth of an exhausted or unconscious person out of the water.
It must be able to turn a body face down in the water to a position where the mouth is clear of the water.
Withstand a jump into the water from a height of 4.5m.
A light should be added to the lifejacket which can be luminous for at least 8 hours.
Must be a vivid reddish-orange colour or a comparably high visible colour.
A whistle and a buddy line must also be attached.
What items should a life jacket have?
Whistle, buddy line and self-igniting light.
Vessels call sign.
SOLAS marker.
Diagrammatic instructions for donning.
Labelling of ‘FRONT’ and ‘BACK’.
What are the requirements for immersion suits?
Must be able to unpack and don within 2 minutes.
Must cover the whole body except for the face.
The wearer’s body core temperature must not fall at a rate of more than 1.5 degrees per hour after the first half hour in 5 degrees water.
Core temperature does not fall below 2 degrees after 6 hours in water temperature 0-2 degrees.
Must be provided to each person assigned to crew rescue boat.
What are the contents of a hand flare?
Contained in a watertight casing.
Instructions and diagrams on operating procedure shown on the casing.
Burns bright red colour.
Burning period not less than 1 minute in air and 10 seconds in water.
What are the contents of a parachute flare?
Contained in a watertight casing.
Instructions and diagrams on operating procedure shown on the casing.
Reach an altitude of 300m and ejects a para flare.
Burn bright red colour, not less than 30,000 candelas.
Burning period, not less than 40 seconds, descends not more than 5m/s.
What are the contents of a smoke floats?
Contained in a watertight casing.
Instructions and diagrams on operating procedure shown on the casing.
Emits orange smoke for not less than 3 minutes in calm water, no flame.
Smoke for 10 seconds when submerged in water.
What is the lifebuoy carriage requirements for cargo vessels?
- Under 100m (8).
- 100m & under 150m (10).
- 150m & under 200m (12).
- 200 & over (14).
What is the lifebuoy carriage requirements for passenger vessels?
- Under 60m (8).
- 60m & under 120m (12).
- 120m & under 180m (18).
- 180m & 240m (24).
- 240m & over (30).
What are the design requirements for lifebuoys?
The diameter must be between 400-800 millimetres.
Shall not weigh more than 2.5Kg, unless it’s a quick operating release arrangement then it can be up to 4Kg.
Shall be fitted with a grab line of not less than 95 millimetres in diameter and a length not less than 4 times the diameter of the life buoy. The grab line must be secured at four equal points around the circumference of the lifebuoy.
It shall have the vessels name and port of registry as markings.
What are the requirements for lights and smoke floats on lifebuoys?
At least half the lifebuoys shall be fitted with self-igniting lights.
At least two lifebuoys should be fitted with smoke floats.
What maintenance and inspections should be carried out weekly?
Survival craft, rescue boat and launching apparatus inspected and ready for immediate use.
Rescue boat and lifeboat engines run weekly.
Check general emergency alarms.
What maintenance and inspections should be carried out monthly?
All LSA equipment checks.
What maintenance and inspections should be carried out every 3 months?
Water spray systems, check their operational.
What maintenance and inspections should be carried out annually?
Cables and hooks and power supplier system.
More in-depth checks of all areas.
What are the SOLAS training requirements for passenger ships?
Fire drills and abandon ship drills must be carried out weekly
* Passengers should be strongly encouraged to attend abandon ship drills.
* An assembly of passengers must be done within 24 hours of their embarkation. They must receive instructions on how to don their lifejacket, how to appropriately dress and instructions on what to do upon hearing the general emergency alarm. They should also know the general alarm does NOT mean abandon ship. They must be informed on their exact survival craft and receive any further important information, such as jumping from height into the water correctly.
What are the SOLAS training requirements for cargo ships?
Every Month:
* Abandon ship and fire drill once per month.
* Within 24 hours if more than 25% crew change.
* Before departure if more than 50% crew change.
* Launching of rescue boat.
* SOPEP Drill every month.
Every 2 Months:
* Enclosed space and rescue drill.
Every 3 Months:
* Manoeuvring each lifeboat.
* Free fall lifeboat lowering.
* Man-overboard drill.
* Emergency steering drill.
Every 4 months:
* Davit launched life raft.
Every 6 Months:
* Free fall lifeboat launch and manoeuvre.
