Lp 47 Flashcards
maintain blood glucose levels between meals
Glucagon
Maintain blood glucose levels during periods of stress & post-absorptive state
Epinephrine
Increased levels of glucose during stress
Cortisol
-provide E levels necessary during growth periods
-decreases cellular uptake of glucose, increased blood glucose levels
GH
-decreased insulin availability
-not a single disease
-diagnosis based on stages of glucose intolerance
-diagnosed by blood & urine tests
Diabetes mellitus (DM)
-immune-mediated
-more common in young people
-absolute insulin deficiency
-increased blood glucose, increased protein & fat breakdown
-insulin replacement
-LADA (slow, progessive form in adults)
Type 1a (more common)
-idiopathic
-b-cell destruction- no evidence of autoimmunity
-strongly inherited
-episode ketoacidosis
Type 1 B
-90-95% of cases
-relative insulin deficiency
-most people w/ type is overweight
-do to: decreased B cell Fxn & deranged insulin secretion, insulin resistance, family history, increased hepatic glucose production
Type 2
1& factor in persons w/ metabolic syndrome that leads to type 2 DM
Obesity
-glucose intolerance first recognized during pregnancy
-1%-14% of pregnancies
-severity varies
-risk of pregnancy complications
-mild hyperglycaemia can damage fetus
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)
Rapid onset
Type 1
Insidious onset
Type 2
Cardinal signs
-polyuria
-polydispsia
-polyphagia
-hyperglycemia- kidneys cants process/ reabsorb glucose- glucose is excreted
-glucose exerts increased OP (draws H20)
-++ H20 loss in urine leading to dehydration & polydipsia
Polyurine & polydpsia
-not as common w/ type 2
-in type 1: d/t depletion of cellular stores of carbs, fats & proteins (used by cells in the absence of adequate glucose uptake)
Polyphagia
