Lp 41

Question 1

-inflammation of peritoneum (local or general)
-ethology:
Chemical irritation
Enteric bacteria
Gangrenous bowel
Gall bladder disorders
Perforated ulcers
PID
Abdominal trauma
Surgery

Answer 1

Peritonitis

Question 2

-inflammation of appendix
-ethology: idiopathic, twisted bowel, obstruction
-b/w 5-30 years old (target pop)
-s/s: severe abdominal pn, fever, vomiting, luekocyosis, tenderness & rigidity (MCBurney’s pt)

Answer 2

Appendicitis

Question 3

-inflammation of digestive tract
-mild to debilitating
-recurring, progressive, chronic
-30%= SI, 30%= LI, 40%= SI &LI
-transmural in intestine wall
-possible ethology: emetics, dietary factors, smoking, autoimmune factors
-target pop peaks b/w 20-35yrs male=female
-s/s: abdominal pn, wt loss, abdominal pn, OA, ulcers, low grade fever, malaise

Answer 3

Crohn’s disease

Question 4

-functional disorder: recurrent sx’s w/no apparent cause
-female >male
-s/s: abdominal pn relieved by defecation, altered bowel Fxn, bloating, nausea, anorexia, anxiety, depression
-altered GI motility (changes in freq. of stool, changes in stool consistency)
-mucus in stool

Answer 4

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Question 5

Large intestine 2 major fxns

Answer 5

-absorb remaining H20 from indigestible food residue
-store then eliminate reside as semisolid feces

Question 6

-bands of smooth m (teniae coli)
-intestinal wall puckers into haustra (sacs)
-LI lacks absorptive & secretory modifications of SI

Answer 6

Large intestine anatomy

Question 7

Large intestine regions

Answer 7

-cecum
-appendix
-colon
-rectum
-anal canal

Question 8

-proximal part of LI
-lies below ileocecal valve

Answer 8

Cecum

Question 9

Contains MALT

Answer 9

Appendix

Question 10

-terminal portion
-in perineum
-opens to exterior at anus
-has involuntary internal anal sphincter & voluntary external anal sphincter (closed except during defecation)

Answer 10

Anal canal

Question 11

2 types of colonic motility

Answer 11

-haustral churning: h20 & electrolytes maximally absorbed
-mass movements: large segments of colon contract & feces moves as a unit

Question 12

Colonic motility defecation controlled by 2 sphincters

Answer 12

-internal (ANS)
-external (Cerebral cortex)

Question 13

-d/t slow passage of feces & ++ h20 re-absorption
-causes discomfort 7 bloating
-waste retention leads to absorption of harmful substances
-infrequent &/or painful fecal elimination

Answer 13

Constipation

Question 14

-progressive, chronic inflammatory disorder of colon & rectum (80% in rectum only)
-attacks often triggered by physical or emotional stress
-s/s: weakness, wt loss, cramps, diarrhea, fecal incontinence, blood/mucus in stools

Answer 14

Ulcerative colitis

Question 15

3 forms of ulcerative colitis

Answer 15

-mild chronic
-acute fulminating
-chronic intermittent

Question 16

-most common
-few systemic signs
-bleeding & diarrhea mild

Answer 16

Mild chronic

Question 17

-dangerous
-++ hemorrhaging & diarrhea
-35% mortality rate
-15% affects entire colon, leads to toxicity

Answer 17

Acute fulminating

Question 18

Systemic effects w/complications

Answer 18

Chronic intermittent