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Pathology 2 > Lower Urinary Tract > Flashcards

Lower Urinary Tract Flashcards

0
Q

Ureter
3
Constrictions

A

Ureteropelvic junction
Ureterovesical junction
Cross iliac vessels

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1
Q

Most common cause of hydronephrosis in infants and children

A

Ureteropelvic junction obstruction

Left ureter

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2
Q

Sudden severe pain at flank radiating post and inf

Cannot find comfortable position

A

Ureteral colic or ureterolithodynia

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3
Q

Majority of retroperitoneal abscess

A

Idiopathic
Ormond disease
Cx: r varicocele

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4
Q

WOF retroperitoneal fibrosis

A

Methysergide

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5
Q

Nests of urothelium or inbudding of the surface of the epithelium found in mucosa lamina

A

Brunn nests

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6
Q

Developmental failure in the anterior wall of the abdomen and bladder

A

Bladder exstrophy

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7
Q

Drainage of urine from umbilicus

MCC bladder adenoca

A

Patent urachus

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8
Q

Two variants of chronic cystitis

A

Follicular

Eosinophilic allergic

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9
Q

Schistosomoa haematobium

Predisposes to sq cell of bladder

A

Hemorrhagic cystitis

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10
Q

Inflammation And fibrosis of all bladder layers without evidence of bacterial infection
Fissures and punctate hemorrhages in bladder mucosa
Chronic mucosal ulcers
Mast cell infiltration

A

Glomerulations
Hunner ulcers

Interstitial cystitis

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11
Q

Soft yellow raised mucosal plaques
Large foamy macrophages with laminated mineralized concretions
Chronic e coli

A

Michaelis gutmann bodies

Malacoplakia

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12
Q

Bladder 95% epithelial origin

A

T

Urothelial carcinoma

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13
Q

Decrease in survival involves invasion of the

A

Muscularis propria

Detrusor

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14
Q

Most important risk factor in urothelial cell ca

A

Cigarette smoking

No familial preponderance

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15
Q

MC symptom of urothelial ca

A

Painless hematuria

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16
Q

Recurrence prevention of urothelial ca

A

Intravesicle instillation of BCG

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17
Q

UB obstruction
Males
Females

A

BPE

Cystocele

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18
Q

Urethritis organisms

A

N gonorrhea
C trachomatis
E coli

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19
Q

Fibromatosis of Buck’s fascia

Penile curvature and pain during sex

A

Peyronie

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20
Q

Inflamed granulation tissue polyp at urethral meatus in older females

A

Urethral caruncle

21
Q

Hypospadia

Epispadia

A

Ventral

Dorsal

22
Q

Orifice of the prepuce is too small

A

Phimosis

23
Q

Infection of glans and prepuce

Poor local hygiene in uncircumcised males

A

Balanoposthitis

24
Q

Solitary thickened gray white opaque plaque at the shaft of the penis
10% malignant risk

A

Bowen disease

Penile CIS

25
Q

Multiple reddish brown papules at shaft of young sexually active males
Not premalignant

A

Bowenoid papulosis

Penile CIS

26
Q

Condyloma acuminata

Penile sq cell ca

A

6 11

16 18

27
Q

Failure of descent of testes
Marked hyalination and thickening of BM
Prominent Leydig cells

A

Cryptorchidism

28
Q

Testicular atrophy

Infection

A

Mumps

29
Q

Epididymitis

Age 35

A

C trachomatis N gonorrhea

E coli P aeruginosa

30
Q

Twisting of spermatic cord resulting in bell clapper deformity in adults

A

Testicular Torsion

31
Q

Most common benign paratesticular tumor

Small nodules at the UPPER POLE OF THE EPIDIDYMIS

A

Adenomatoid tumor

32
Q

Spermatic cord
Proximal
Distal

A

Lipoma
Malignant paratesticular tumor
- rhabdomyosarcoma in children
- liposarcoma in adults

33
Q

Testicular tumors

A

Germ cell tumors

Sex cord stromal tumors

34
Q

Most common type of GCT
Large polyhedral distinct cell membrane with clear cytoplasm and large central nucleus
Intact tunica albuginea

A

Classic seminoma cell

Seminoma

35
Q

Extends through tunica albuginea
Primitive glandular differentiation
Papillary convolutions

A

Embryonal ca

36
Q

Schiller Duval bodies
AFP
A1 antitrypsin

A

Yolk Sac tumor

37
Q

No testicular enlargement
Syncitiotrophoblasts HCG
Cytotrophoblast

A

Chorioca

38
Q

Helter skelter collection of differentiated cells

Painless enlargement of the testes

A

Teratoma

Paraaortic mediastinal supraclav
Lungs liver brain bones

39
Q

Golden brown homogenous surface
Rod shaped crystalloids of Renke
Androgen production
Testicular mass

A

Leydig cell tumor

40
Q

Crystalloids of Charcot Butcher
Testicular mass
No androgen production

A

Sertoli cell tumor

41
Q

Testicular dysgenesis

A

Gonadoblastoma

42
Q

NHL

Male over 60

A

Testicular lymphoma

43
Q

Intraprostatic urine reflux
Tender boggy prostate
Minute disseminated abscesses

A

Acute Bacterial prostatitis

44
Q

Recurrent UTIs

A

Chronic bacterial prostatitis

45
Q

No history of recurrent UTI
>10 WBCs/HPF
Bacterial culture negative

A

Chronic abacterial prostatitis

46
Q

Periurethral transition zone
Median lobe hypertrophy
NODULAR HYPERPLASIA

A

BPH

47
Q

Most common prostate adenoca

A

Acinar

48
Q

Prostate adenoca

Spread

A

LN: obturator to para aortic nodes
Hema: lumbar prox femur pelvis thoracic spine ribs

49
Q

Most hyperplasias arise in _ whereas carcinomas arise in _

A

Transitional

Peripheral

Pathology 2 (20 decks)

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