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Pathology 2 > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

0
Q

MV regurg

TV regurg

A

LHF

RHF

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1
Q

Early sx of L HF

Sign

A

Dyspnea

Left sided S3

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2
Q

High output failure

A

Beri berI
Anemia
Hyperthyroidism
AV fistula

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3
Q

Greatest RF in congenital heart disease

A

Parent or preceding sibling

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4
Q

MC genetic risk of Cong HD

A

Down syndrome

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5
Q

MC Cong HD

A

VSD

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6
Q

Right to Left shunts

A 
Tof
Tga
Truncus arteriosus
Tricuspid atresia
TAPVD
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7
Q

TOF

A

Pulmonic stenosis
RVH
Overriding the VSD by aorta
VSD

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8
Q

Boot shaped heart

A

Tof

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9
Q

Blalock Tausig

A

Tof

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10
Q

Offsprings of DM mothers

A

TGA

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11
Q

TGA
Stable shunt
Unstable

A

VSD

Foramen Ovale or PDA

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12
Q

Egg shaped cardiac silhouette

A

TGA

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13
Q

Single great artery

VSD

A

Truncus arteriosus

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14
Q

Hypoplastic RV

ASD or patent foramen ovale

A

Tricuspid atresia

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15
Q

MC variant TAPVC

A

Supracardiac

ASD or foramen ovale

16
Q

Left to right shunts

A

ASD
VSD
PDA
AVSD

17
Q

MC adult CHD

Widely split S2

18
Q

ASD Types
Primum
Secundum
Sinus Venosus

A

AV valve Down
Oval fossa MC
SVC TAPVC

19
Q

Multiple VSDs seen in

A

Swiss cheese septum

20
Q

MC VSD

A

Membranous

Infundibular
Ventricular septum

21
Q

Harsh machinery murmur

Congenital rubella

22
Q

AVSD

A

Partial

Complete Down

23
Q

Coarctation of the aorta
Infantile
Adult

A

MC pre ductal lower body cyanosis Turner’s

Post ductal UE HPN rib notching on CXR berry aneurysm

24
Q 
Congenital rubella
Turner's
Down
Marfan
Offspring of DM mom
A 
PDA
Coarctation of the Aorta
ASD primum and endocardial cushion syndrome
MVP
TGA
25
Q

Coronary vessels
LAD
RCA
LCX

A

Ant wall LV ant vent septum apex v1-4
Inf/post LV post vent septum inf/post RV II III AVF
Lateral wall of LV except apex V5 V6 I AVL

26
Q

Death within 1 hour
Vent fibrillation
Marked CAD
Romano ward/long QT syndrome or Brugada syndrome

A

Sudden cardiac death

27
Q

Q wave MI

Non Q wave MI

A

Full thickness/intramural

Partial thickness/subendocardial inner third of the myocardium

28
Q

Gross changes in MI

A

Mottling 4 hours
Bright yellow .1 week
Surrounding red granulation tissue 2 wks
Gray white scar 2 months

29
Q

Most impt microscopic changes in MI

A

Coagulation necrosis 4-12 hrs

Wavy fibers and myctolysis in 4-12 hrs

30
Q

Reperfusion

6 hrs

A

Salvageable

Non

31
Q

D3-7 post MI

Virgin MI

A

Myocardial rupture

32
Q

Classic ECG pattern

A

LAD coronary artery anterior wall infarction - Q waves in leads V1-4

33
Q

Stenosis

Regurgitation

A

Failure to open, forward flow

Failure to close, reversed flow

34
Q

Fish mouth or button hole stenoses
Mac Callum plaques
Aschoff bodies in all layers of the heart
Bread and butter pericarditis

Pathology 2 (20 decks)

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