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Pathology 2 > Gastrointestinal Tract > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal Tract Flashcards

0
Q

Abdominal viscera herniate into a ventral membranous sac

A

Omphalocele

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1
Q

Thin non canalized cord replacing esophagus

MC at tracheal bifurcation

A

Esophageal atresia

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2
Q

Failed involution of vitelline duct

Rule of 2s

A 
Meckel's diverticulum
2% of the population
2 feet 85 cm of ileocecal valve
2 inches 5 cm long
2x MC in males
Age 2
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3
Q

Olive sized abdominal mass
Second or third week of life
Regurgitation and nonbilious vomiting

A

Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

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4
Q

Viral esophagitis
HSV
CMV

A

Punched out ulcers

Shallow ulcerations

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5
Q

Most frequent cause of esophagitis
Simple hyperemia
Basal zone hyperplasia exceeding 20%

A

Reflux esophagitis

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6
Q

Esophageal adenoca precursor

A

Barett esophagus
Intestinal goblet cells
Distal third

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7
Q

Sq cell ca of esophagus

A

Alcohol

Middle third

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8
Q

Proximal duodenal ulcers in burn pts

A

Curling ulcers

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9
Q

Gastric, duodenal and esophageal ulcers in pts with intracranial disease

A

Cushing ulcers

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10
Q

Antral gastritis
Pit abscesses
MALT lymphoma

A

Helicobacter pylori gastritis

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11
Q

Type A vs type B gastritis
Location
Infiltrate
Gastrin

A

A body macrophages inc

B antrum neutrophils dec

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12
Q

Diffuse mucosal damage and glandular atrophy of oxyntic mucosa

A

Autoimmune gastritis

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13
Q

MC location of PUD

A

Prox duodenum

Antrum

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14
Q

Gastric adenoca
Signet ring cells
Mucin lakes

A

Diffuse infiltrative

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15
Q

Gastric adenoca
Glandular structures
Mucin

A

Intestinal type

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16
Q

Gastric adenoca

Stiffening of gastric walls

A

Desmoplastic reaction

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17
Q

Gastric adenoca
Diffuse rugal thickening
Leather bottle appearance

A

Linitis plastica

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18
Q

Palpable nodules in cul de sac

A

Blumer’s shelf

Gastric adenoca

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19
Q

MC site of extranodal lymphomas

A

GI

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20
Q

MC site of GI carcinoid

A

Ileum

21
Q

Salt and pepper chromatin

Synaptophysin and chromatogranin markers

A

Carcinoid

22
Q

Carney triad

A

Gastric GIST
Paraganglioma
Pulmonary chondroma

23
Q

MCC of ischemic bowel disease

A

Atherosclerosis

24
Q

Site at greatest risk for transmural infarction

A

Splenic flexure

25
Q

MC site of angiodysplasia

A

Cecum or R colon

26
Q

Cryptitis
Crypt abscesses
Crypt architecture is preserved

A

Campylobacter enterocolitis

27
Q

DOC for chronic carriers of salmonella in gallbladder

A

Ampicillin

28
Q

Enlargement of Peyer’s patches
Oval ulcers oriented along ileal axis
Aggregates of macrophages replace small randomly scattered foci of hepatic parenchymal necrosis

A

Typhoid nodules
Typhoid fever
Salmonella typhi

29
Q

Diarrhea
Weight loss
Malabsorption

A

Whipple’s disease

30
Q

Distended foamy macrophages that contain PAS positive diastase resistant granules

A

Whipple’s triad

31
Q

Inflammatory bowel disease
Crohn
Ulcerative Colitis

A

Crohn any area of GIT transmural

UC colon and rectum mucosa and submucosa

32
Q 
Skip lesions
Strictures
Thick wall
Deep knife like ulcers
Marked lymphoid reaction, fibrosis and serositis
Granulomas and fistulae
Malabsorption
Recurrence after surgery
A

Crohn

33
Q

Superficial broad ulcers
Malignant potential
Toxic megacolon

A

UC

34
Q

Aphthous ulcer
Cobblestone appearance
Paneth cell metaplasia
Non caseating granulomas

A

Crohn

35
Q

Extraintestinal

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

A

UC

36
Q

Small flasklike outpouchings
Epiploic appendices
Absent muscularis propia in walls

A

Sigmoid diverticulitis

37
Q

MC site and sx of juvenile polyp

A

Rectum

Bleeding

38
Q

Hamartomatous polyps with arborizing networks

A

Peutz Jeghers

39
Q

Mucosal protrusions with serrated architecture without malignant potential

A

Hyperplastic polyps

40
Q

Large sessile polyps covered by slender villi in the colon

A

Villous adenomas

41
Q

Intestinal polyps

Osteomas of mandible, skull and long bones

A

Gardner syndrome

42
Q

Intestinal adenomas

CNS tumors

A

Turcot syndrome

43
Q

MC malignancy of GIT

Risk factor

A

Colorectal adenoca

Diet

44
Q

Colorectal adenoca

Poor prognosis

A

Mucin accumulation

45
Q

R colon ca

L colon ca

A

IDA

Bowel changes or LLQ pain

46
Q

MC mets site for colonic adenoca

A

Liver

47
Q

Dilation of inf/sup hemorrhoidal plexus

A

Ext/int

48
Q

Bacterial peritonitis

A

E coli
S aureus
C perfringens

49
Q

SBP absence of an obvious source of contamination

A

Cirrhosis

E coli

50
Q

Dull and lusterless peritoneun
Serous or slightly turbid peritoneal fluid
Creamy suppurative material

A

Peritonitis

Pathology 2 (20 decks)

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