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Antomy BLOCK 4 > Lower Limb > Flashcards

Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

What is considered thigh?

A

Hip to knee

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2
Q

What is considered leg?

A

Knee to ankle

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3
Q

What is the pelvic girdle made up of?

A

2 coxae

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4
Q

Important structures of the femur

A
  • head of femur
  • greater trochanter
  • lesser trochanter
  • neck of femur
  • body
  • medial condyle
  • lateral condyle
  • Medial epicondyle
  • lateral epicondyle
  • gluteal tuberosity
  • patellar surface
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5
Q

Where do you typically find sesamoid bones?

A

In places of wear and tear

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6
Q

What kind of bone is the patella?

A

Sesamoid bone

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7
Q

What is the largest sesamoid bone

A

Patella

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8
Q

What does the anterior of the patella look like?

A

Rough

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9
Q

What does the posterior of the patella look like?

A

Smooth, has facets for lateral condyle and medial condylar of femur

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10
Q

What is on the posterior surface of the patella?

A

Articular surface for the medial and lateral condyles of the femur

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11
Q

What is the top of the patella called? The rounded part

A

Base

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12
Q

What is the bottom, or pointed part of the patella called?

A

Apex

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13
Q

What connects to the patella superiorly?

A

Quadriceps femoris tendon

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14
Q

What connects to the patella inferiorly

A

Patellar ligament

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15
Q

Where does the patellar ligament attach on the tibia?

A

Tibial tuberosity

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16
Q

What are the two bones of the leg?

A

Tibia and fibula

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17
Q

What is the medial bone of the leg?

A

Tibia

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18
Q

What is the lateral bone of the leg?

A

Fibula

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19
Q

Which is the smaller leg bone?

A

Fibula

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20
Q

What are some important landmarks on the tibia?

A
  • medial condyle
  • tibial tuberosity
  • medial malleolus
  • superior articular surfaces
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21
Q

Landmarks of the fibula

A
  • lateral condyle
  • head/neck of fibula
  • lateral malleolus of fibula
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22
Q

What does the tibia have that the fibula does not?

A

Medial malleolus

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23
Q

What does the fibula have that the tibia does not

A

Lateral malleolus

24
Q

Which one of the leg bones is weight bearing?

A

Tibia

25
Q

What bone of the leg is more for muscle attachment?

A

Fibula

26
Q

Ankle/foot bones

A 
Calcaneous
Talus
Cuboid
Lateral cuneiform 
Intermediate cuneiform bone
Metatarsal bones
Phalanges (prod/mid/dist)
27
Q

WHat is different about he big toe than the rest of the toes

A

It does not have a middle phalange

28
Q

What bones are on the plantar surface of the foot?

A

Medial sesamoid bone and lateral sesamoid bone on the plantar surface of head of first metatarsal

29
Q

What spinal nerves are involved in the lumbar plexus?

A

Ventral rami of spinal nerves L1-L4

30
Q

What spinal nerves are the sacral plexus involved with?

A

Ventral rami of spinal nerves of L4-S4

31
Q

What assists in forming the sacral plexus

A

Part of L4 ventral ramus and all of L5 ventral ramus join to form the lumbosacral trunk

32
Q

What are the branches of the lumbar plexus (L1-L4)

A
  • iliohypogastric (L1)
  • ilioinguinal (L1)
  • genitofemoral (L1-L2)
  • lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh (L2-L3)
  • femoral (F2-L4)
  • obturator (L2-L4)
33
Q

Supplies motor to anterior thigh muscles, and cutaneous to anterior and medial sides of the thigh, the leg and foot

A

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

34
Q

Supplies motor to medial thigh muscles, and cutaneous to medial thigh

A

Obturator (L2-L4)

35
Q

Branches of the sacral plexus (L4-S4)

A
  • superior gluteal (L4-S1)
  • inferior gluteal (L5-S2)
  • posterior cutaneous nerve to the thigh (S1-S3)
  • nerve to piriformis muscle (S1-S2)
  • nerve to quadratic femoris muscle (L5-S1)
  • nerve to obturator interns muscle (L5-S2)
  • pudendal nerve (S2-S4)
  • sciatic nerve (L4-S3)
36
Q

Gives motor to posterior thigh, all leg, and foot muscles, and cutaneous to leg

A

Sciatic (L4-S3)

37
Q

What is the major muscle group and main nerve for the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A
  • Quads: flex thigh at hip joint (marching) and extend leg (kick ball) at knee joint
  • femoral nerve
38
Q

What is the major muscle group and main nerve for the medial compartment of the thigh

A
  • adductor of the thigh

- obturator n

39
Q

What is the major muscle group and main nerve for the posterior compartment of the thigh

A
  • extend thigh (pull foot back) at hip joint, and flex leg (bend knee) at knee joint
  • sciatic n

Mostly tibial part

40
Q

The femoral nerve contains fibers from ____________ spinal nerves

A

Ventral rami of L2-L4

41
Q

The femoral nerve divides into ________ about 4cm inferior to inguinal ligament

A

Several branches

42
Q

What does the femoral nerve innervate

A

Anterior thigh muscles and cutaneous to anterior and medial sides of the knee, the leg, and foot

43
Q

________ is a termination of the femoral nerve

A

Saphenous

44
Q

Innervates skin of anteromedial knee, leg and foot

A

Saphenous nerve

45
Q

Obturator nerve contains fibers from _________ spinal nerves

A

Ventral rami of L2-L4

46
Q

Innervates medial thigh m uncles, and cutaneous to medial thigh

A

Obturator

47
Q

Wha5 innervates the adductor muscles?

A

Obturator nerve

48
Q

Sciatic nerve contains fibers from ___________ spinal nerves

A

Ventral rami of L4-S3

49
Q

Motor innervation to all of lower limb posteriorly

A

Sciatic

50
Q

What two nerves bound together make up the sciatic nerve?

A

Tibial nerve and common fibula nerve

51
Q

Tibial nerve arises from the ___________ spinal nerves

A

Ventral rami of L4-S3

52
Q

Innervates muscles of posterior thigh, posterior leg, and sole of feet

A

Tibial nerve

53
Q

Common fibula nerve arises from ____________ spinal nerves

A

Ventral rami of L4-S2

54
Q

Innervates the posterior thigh, lateral and anterior leg, dorsum of the foot, as well as cutaneous to anterior and lateral leg, an parts of the sole and dorsum of foot

A

Common fibula nerve

55
Q

Where do the common fibula and tibial nerve split from being the sciatic nerve?

A

Popliteal region

Antomy BLOCK 4 (11 decks)

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