lower leg and nerves

Question 1

anterior compartment includes

Answer 1

tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum lungus, extensor hallucis longus, fibularis tertius

Question 2

tibialis anterior

Answer 2

stuck on tibia on medial side of foot, flexes ankle and inverts foot, deep fibular nerve

Question 3

extensor digitorum longus

Answer 3

most lateral of anterior muscles, assists in dorsiflexion, deep fibular

Question 4

extensor hallicus longus

Answer 4

thin, deep to TA and EDL, middle fibular, distal phalanx, dorsiflex and extend, deep fibular nerve

Question 5

lateral compartment

Answer 5

fibularis longus, fibularis brevis; superficial fibular, fix ankle to prevent eversion

Question 6

fibularis longus

Answer 6

lateral side of leg, runs underneath malleolis, steadies foot when on one foot

Question 7

fibularis longus courses inferiorly to…

Answer 7

fibularis brevis and crosses under foot

Question 8

fibularis brevis

Answer 8

deep to longus, inserts in medial side of foot, everter

Question 9

posterior compartment

Answer 9

largest layer, in deep and superficial layer; flexion, inversion and toe flexion

Question 10

muscles of superficial posterior compartment

Answer 10

gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris; all innervated by tibial

Question 11

gastrocnemeus

Answer 11

2 heads, lateral and medial condyle, plantarflexion, flexes leg

Question 12

soleus

Answer 12

head of fibula and posterior tibula, postural action, plantar flexion

Question 13

plantaris

Answer 13

absent in 10%, high density of spindle fibers

Question 14

deep posterior leg

Answer 14

popliteus, flexor hallicus longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior

Question 15

popliteus

Answer 15

inserts in posterior medial tibia, inserts in lateral knee, laterally rotates femur, initiates unlocking of knee

Question 16

flexor hallicus longus

Answer 16

flexes big toe, important for walking, tendon passes over distal tibia, deep to FDL, originates from fibular side

Question 17

flexor digitorum longus

Answer 17

originates from medial surface, runsto lateral surface, flex toes, flex foot

Question 18

tibialis posterior

Answer 18

deepest, in between FDL, FHL; inserts on tarsals, plantar flexes, invert foot

Question 19

foot muscles

Answer 19

maintain weight bearing arches of foot, and support stance and gait

Question 20

muscles in second layer act on?

Answer 20

tendons

Question 21

muscles on dorsum of foot

Answer 21

extersor digitorum brevis, extensor hallucis brevis, innervated by deep fibular

Question 22

femoral nerve

Answer 22

not within femoral sheath, course deep to inguinal ligament, contribute to sartorius, quadriceps, pectinus, iliacus, cutaneous branches are saphenous and cutateous

Question 23

sciatic

Answer 23

enters through sciatic foramen, deep to glut max, between ishial and greater trochanter, branches to tibial and common fibular

Question 24

obturator

Answer 24

pass through obturator canal, supplies gracilis, 3 adductors, obturator externus, cuttaneous middle 1/3 of thigh

Question 25

tibial n

Answer 25

forms sural nerve with common fibular, tibia or fibular nerve can cause sensory loss

Question 26

muscular innervation of tibial

Answer 26

gastrocnemius, plantaris, soleus, popliteus, lateral lateral lateral

Question 27

common fibular

Answer 27

most commonly injured nerve, because it courses around end of fibula, result in foot drop, effects gait, deep and superficial branch, deep is Ta and EDL; superficial branch fibularis side, cutaneous lateral

Question 28

deep fibular nerve

Answer 28

courses with ant tibial a, muscles extensor compartment and extensor dig and hallucis brevis

Question 29

superficial fibular nerve

Answer 29

medial side of dorsum of foot, medial side of toe, funny presentation, if injure superficial will lose feeling everywhere but between big and 2nd toe

Question 30

posterior tibial

Answer 30

runs between deep and superficial mm, innervate heal, medial and lateral plantar

Question 31

medial plantar nerve

Answer 31

innervates foot, origin post tibial, innervate abductor hallucis, flexor dig brevis, flexor hallicus brevis, 1st lumbrical, sole of foot

Question 32

lateral plantar nerve

Answer 32

from posterior tibial, supplies all muscles but four and cutaneous of little toe

Question 33

hip joint

Answer 33

wide range of motion, less than shoulder, movement sacrificed to provide strength and stability, depends on strong ligaments, allows all movement

Question 34

lunate surface

Answer 34

socket of hip joint

Question 35

intertrochanteric line

Answer 35

formed by attachment of hip ligaments and joint capsule

Question 36

3 important ligaments for supporting hip joint and upright posture

Answer 36

iliofemoral ligament (Y, prevents backward rotation), pubofemoral ligament (prevents hyper abduction), ishiofemoral (prevents medial rotation, extension)

Question 37

head of femur ligament

Answer 37

capitis femoris, if damaged in kids, can lead to deteriorated femur, obturator supplies, radiated pain in knee

Question 38

acetabular labrum

Answer 38

job to deepen joint capsule

Question 39

transverse acetabular ligament

Answer 39

ligament to joint close acetabular labrum

Question 40

which artery supplies head of femur

Answer 40

obturator, retinacular

Question 41

lateral medial circumflex supplies

Answer 41

neck of femur

Question 42

Articular capsule

Answer 42

lubricate hip joint