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MODULES > Lower Extremity 2 > Flashcards

Lower Extremity 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Isolated iliac wing fx?

Double vertical fx of the AP pelvic fx?

A

Duvurney’s fx

Malgaigne’s fx

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2
Q

Part of the bone that serves as attachment of the muscle

A

Apophysis

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3
Q 
OSTEITIS PUBIS
Causes?
Xray?
Tight?
Type of pain?
A

Pregnancy (increase relaxin)
Hyperactivity of adductors (equestrians, gymnasts, motor bikes)

(+) moth eaten appearance
Tight abductors
Dull to sharp aching pain

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4
Q

Malignant bone cancer that started in the bone marrow (overproduction of abN myeloid cells)

A

MULTIPLE MYELOMA

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5
Q

MC site of metastasis in MULTIPLE MYELOMA

A

Innominate bones

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6
Q

MULTIPLE MYELOMA xray apperance?

A

(+) mickey mouse lesion (punched out appearance)

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7
Q

INNOMINATE INJURY
Anterior innominate injury?
Posterior innominate injury?

(mnemonic)

A

ALSUP
Anterior longer in supine

PSSUP
Posterior shorter in supine

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8
Q

Ischiogluteal bursitis

A

Weaver’s
Tailor’s
Boatman’s

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9
Q

Downward slippage of the femoral head on growth plate

A

SCFE

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10
Q 
SCFE
Gender?
Age group?
Body structure?
LOM?
Gait?
Presents c?
A 
Male
Adolescents
Tall & obese
ABIR
Trendelenburg/waddling gait
Hip flex and ER
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11
Q

AVN of femoral head

A

LCPD

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12
Q 
LCPD
Gender?
Age group?
Body structure?
LOM?
Gait?
A 
Male
7 y.o (4-8y.o)
Short & thin
ABIR
Psoatic limp
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13
Q

LCPD ORTHOSIS?

Mnemonics?

A

TTS

Trilateral
Toronto
Scottish rite

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14
Q

Most common LCPD ORTHOSIS

A

Scottish rite

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15
Q

Waldenstrom stages of LCPD

Be specific each stage

A

1: Necrosis
(+) sagging

2: Fragmentation
(+) crescent sign - coxa plana

3: Reossification
Remodeling & revascularization
(+) coxa magna
(+) coxa breva - bird’s beak (short & broad neck)

4: Healing

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16
Q

What condition that uses Ortolani’s test?

A

Congenital hip dislocation

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17
Q

What condition that uses Barlow’s test?

A

Congenital dislocatable hip

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18
Q

Partial dislocation due to lax ligaments

A

Congenital subluxable hip

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19
Q

Fixed hip dislocation prenatally?

What condition is assoc c this disease?

A

Teratologic hip dislocation

Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita

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20
Q

Absent cotyloid ligament

Shallow hip socket

A

Acetabular dysplasia

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21
Q

ORTHOSIS IN CHD

Mnemonics

A 
VIP with Pillow
Von rosen
Ilfed
Pavlik harness
Frejka pillow
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22
Q

Most common in ORTHOSIS IN CHD

A

Frejka pillow

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23
Q

Multiple joint dislocation leading to fractures & contractures

A

Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita

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24
Q

MC incision in THA

A

Posterolateral incision

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25
Q

CEMENTED OR NON CEMENTED

Elderly & sedentary?
Young & active?
PMMA (Polymethyl methacrylate)?
Porous coating?
WB as tolerate within <24hrs?
WB limited until 3mos?
A 
C
N
C
N
C
N
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26
Q

Positions to avoid after THA - POSTEROLATERAL APPROACH (mnemonic)

A

HAIR
Hip flexion beyond 90 degrees
Adduction
IR

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27
Q

Positions to avoid after THA - ANTEROLATERAL APPROACH

A

Hip flexion beyond 90 degrees
Hip EXADDER beyond neutral
Combined motion of FABER
If G.med incised - avoid adduction

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28
Q

COXA VARA

Mnemonics?

A 
PISA
Pronated foot
IR
Shorter leg
APT
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29
Q

COXA VALGA

Mnemonics?

A 
PIES
PPT
I/L leg is longer
ER
Supinated foot
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30
Q

3 golden rules after THA

A

Do not overbend at the hip
Do not twist in either sitting or standing (IR/ER)
Do not cross the leg over the midline

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31
Q

Coxa Saltans aka?

A

Snapping hip syndrome
Dancer’s hip
Clicking’s hip

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32
Q

COXA SALTANS
External?
Internal?
Intracapsular?

A

Iliopsoas tendon over iliopectineal eminence of femoral head

Tightness of ITB over greater trochanter

Loose bodies 2 to trauma

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33
Q

Muscle strain aka?

A

Pulled muscle

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34
Q

MC involved muscle in MUSCLE STRAIN:
Hamstrings?
Quads?
Adductors?

A

LH of Biceps femoris
Rectus femoris
Adductor longus

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35
Q

Trauma on the ms resulting to hemorrhage or hematoma

A

Muscle contusion

36
Q

Quadriceps Contusion aka?

A

Charley Horse Syndrome

37
Q 
HO OR MO
AbN bone formation at the joint?
AbN bone formation at the muscle?
Cause is prolonged immob?
Cause is trauma/contusion?
A

HO
MO
HO
MO

38
Q

HO SITES?

A

Shoulder )CVA/TBI)
Hip (SCI)
Post elbow (Burns)

39
Q

MO SITES?

A

UE - Brachialis > Biceps

LE - Quadriceps

40
Q

Hallmark of HO

A

LOM

41
Q

In HO there’s an increase of WHAT that increases the rate of ossification

A

Increase alkaline phosphate

42
Q

Medicine for HO

A

Disodium Etidronate (1 year)

43
Q

MO Sx?

Mnemonics?

A

PaPa FLEX MO
Pain
Palpable mass
Flexion contracture

44
Q

MO Diagnostic Procedure
Early?
Late?

A

Bone scan

Xray

45
Q

Detects hypervascular portion of the bone if there is increase bone mineral turnover

A

Bone scan

46
Q 
OSGOOD-SCHLATTER DISEASE
Gender?
Bilat or unilat?
Age group?
CI?
A

Male
B>U
Adolescent (10-14 y.o)
Ultrasound

47
Q

PATELLAR TENDINITIS
Aka?
Difficulty in ascending/descending stairs?

Patellar tendon tear?
Quads tendon tear?

A

Jumper’s knee
Difficulty in descending stairs (ecc cxn of quads)

Patella alta, patella can still move
Patella baja, patella is unable to move

48
Q

Lesion at LAMFC

A

Osteochondritis Dissecans

49
Q

Impingement of the infrapatellar fat pad between tibia and femur

A

Hoffa’s disease

50
Q

SINDING-LARSEN JOHANSSON DISEASE
Lesion at what site?
Unilat/Bilat?

A

Lesion at the inferior pole of patella

U>B

51
Q 
CHONDROMALACIA PATELLA
Aka?
Special tests?
Pain with what mv?
What sign?
Positive what?
Tight?
Weak?
A

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS)
Runner’s knee
Patellofemoral arthralgia

Clarke’s/Waldron’s

Knee flexion or prolonged knee flexion

(+) cinema sign/moviegoer sign/theater sign
(+) camel sign

Tight ITB
Weak VMO - lateral patellar tracking

52
Q

Sing the MISERABLE ALIGNMENT SYNDROME

A

.

53
Q

KNEE OA
Greatly affects the what part?
Deformity?
Orthosis?

A

Medial knee
Genu varum

Knee - CARS UBC
Foot - lateral heel wedge

54
Q

Unhappy triad of O’Donoghue

A

MCL
ACL
M.M

55
Q

Ossification of MCL

A

Pelligrini Steida Disease

56
Q

Position to palpate LCL

A

FABER/Figure of 4

57
Q

Gold standard for ACL reconstruction

What other tendon reconstruction?

A

Bone-patellar tendon-bone graft

Semitendinosus-Gracilis graft

58
Q

GENU RECURVATUM
Aka?
Weak quads in what condition?
Spastic quads in what condition?

A

Saber legs

Polio
CVA

59
Q

KNEE ROTATIONA INSTABILITY

Draw in mind and what structures are involved

A

…

60
Q

Blount’s disease

A

Tibia vara

61
Q 
MEDIAL TIBIAL STRESS SYNDROME
Aka?
Pain at what?
D/t overactivity of what?
Caused by?
A

Shin plint
Tibialis posterior overload

Posteromedial
Tibialis posterior
Toe running

62
Q

ACHILLES TENDINITS
MC site of injury? Why?
Difficulty in ascending/descending stairs? Why?

A

2-6cm proximal to achilles t. insertion at calcaneus - bc midportion is hypovascular

Difficulty in ascending stairs (stretched heel cords)

63
Q

(+) pump bump deformity

A

Haglund’s deformity

64
Q

Bony enlargement at the back of the heel resulting from chronic use of boots and heels

A

Haglund’s deformity

65
Q

Sever’s disease aka?

A

Calcaneal apophysitis

66
Q

Inflammation of the growth plate at the insertion of achilles tendon on the calcaneus of growing children (ankle joint)

A

Sever’s disease

67
Q

PLANTAR FASCIITIS
Pain at what site?
Causes?

A

Medial calcaneus

Prolonged standing
Obesity
Pregnancy
Chronic use of flat shoes

68
Q

High arched foot

A

Pes cavus

69
Q 
Talipes Equinovarus
Aka?
Seen in?
Orthosis?
Serial casting (order of position)
A

Clubfoot deformity
Spina bifida & cerebral palsy
Dennis-Browne splint
ABD-EV-DF

70
Q

Why is DF the last to stretch in the serial casting, to prevent what?

A

Rocker Bottom deformity

71
Q

Pes planus is seen in what condition?

A

Down Syndrome

72
Q

PES PLANUS ORTHOSIS

Mnemonics?

A

STU
Scaphoid/navicular pad
Thomas heel
UCBL heel

73
Q

Widening of forefoot

A

Splayfoot

74
Q

Splayfoot Mx?

A

Toe curls

75
Q

HALLUX VALGUS
Valgus angle?
Complication?

A

> 15 degrees

Bunion (1st MTP)

76
Q

5th MTP Bunion

A

Tailor’s Bunion/Bunionette

77
Q

CLAW TOE
MTP?
PIP?
DIP?

A

Hyper/
Flex
Flex

78
Q

HAMMER TOE
MTP?
PIP?
DIP?

A

(Similar to buotonniere)
/
Flex
/

79
Q

Hyperextension injury to the big toe resulting to FHL rupture

A

Turf toe

80
Q

Inflammation of FHL 2 to overuse

A

Dancer’s tendinitis

81
Q

Benign tumor formation at the 3rd interdigital nerve resulting from chronic wearing of pointed high heel shoes?

Pain located between what toes?

A

MORTON’S NEUROMA

3rd & 4th toes

82
Q

DIABETIC FOOT
Aka?
Decreased supply in what?
Major complication?

A

Charcot’s neuropathy
Vasa nervorum (blood supply to the nerves)
Foot ulceration

83
Q

SEMMES-WEINSTEIN MONOFILAMENT TEST
Normal?
Loss of protective sensation?
Severely insensate foot?

A
  1. 17 monofilament (exerts 1 gauge force)
  2. 07 monofilament (exerts 10 gauge force)
  3. 10 monofilament (exerts 75 gauge force)
84
Q

Sing the WAGNER CLASSIFICATION FOR ULCERS

A

.

85
Q

Sensory assessment for diabetic foot

A

SEMMES-WEINSTEIN MONOFILAMENT TEST

MODULES (12 decks)

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