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Lower Extremity 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Isolated iliac wing fx?

Double vertical fx of the AP pelvic fx?

A

Duvurney’s fx

Malgaigne’s fx

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2
Q

Part of the bone that serves as attachment of the muscle

A

Apophysis

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3
Q 
OSTEITIS PUBIS
Causes?
Xray?
Tight?
Type of pain?
A

Pregnancy (increase relaxin)
Hyperactivity of adductors (equestrians, gymnasts, motor bikes)

(+) moth eaten appearance
Tight abductors
Dull to sharp aching pain

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4
Q

Malignant bone cancer that started in the bone marrow (overproduction of abN myeloid cells)

A

MULTIPLE MYELOMA

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5
Q

MC site of metastasis in MULTIPLE MYELOMA

A

Innominate bones

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6
Q

MULTIPLE MYELOMA xray apperance?

A

(+) mickey mouse lesion (punched out appearance)

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7
Q

INNOMINATE INJURY
Anterior innominate injury?
Posterior innominate injury?

(mnemonic)

A

ALSUP
Anterior longer in supine

PSSUP
Posterior shorter in supine

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8
Q

Ischiogluteal bursitis

A

Weaver’s
Tailor’s
Boatman’s

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9
Q

Downward slippage of the femoral head on growth plate

A

SCFE

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10
Q 
SCFE
Gender?
Age group?
Body structure?
LOM?
Gait?
Presents c?
A 
Male
Adolescents
Tall & obese
ABIR
Trendelenburg/waddling gait
Hip flex and ER
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11
Q

AVN of femoral head

A

LCPD

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12
Q 
LCPD
Gender?
Age group?
Body structure?
LOM?
Gait?
A 
Male
7 y.o (4-8y.o)
Short & thin
ABIR
Psoatic limp
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13
Q

LCPD ORTHOSIS?

Mnemonics?

A

TTS

Trilateral
Toronto
Scottish rite

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14
Q

Most common LCPD ORTHOSIS

A

Scottish rite

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15
Q

Waldenstrom stages of LCPD

Be specific each stage

A

1: Necrosis
(+) sagging

2: Fragmentation
(+) crescent sign - coxa plana

3: Reossification
Remodeling & revascularization
(+) coxa magna
(+) coxa breva - bird’s beak (short & broad neck)

4: Healing

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16
Q

What condition that uses Ortolani’s test?

A

Congenital hip dislocation

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17
Q

What condition that uses Barlow’s test?

A

Congenital dislocatable hip

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18
Q

Partial dislocation due to lax ligaments

A

Congenital subluxable hip

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19
Q

Fixed hip dislocation prenatally?

What condition is assoc c this disease?

A

Teratologic hip dislocation

Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita

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20
Q

Absent cotyloid ligament

Shallow hip socket

A

Acetabular dysplasia

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21
Q

ORTHOSIS IN CHD

Mnemonics

A 
VIP with Pillow
Von rosen
Ilfed
Pavlik harness
Frejka pillow
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22
Q

Most common in ORTHOSIS IN CHD

A

Frejka pillow

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23
Q

Multiple joint dislocation leading to fractures & contractures

A

Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita

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24
Q

MC incision in THA

A

Posterolateral incision

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25
CEMENTED OR NON CEMENTED ``` Elderly & sedentary? Young & active? PMMA (Polymethyl methacrylate)? Porous coating? WB as tolerate within <24hrs? WB limited until 3mos? ```
``` C N C N C N ```
26
Positions to avoid after THA - POSTEROLATERAL APPROACH (mnemonic)
HAIR Hip flexion beyond 90 degrees Adduction IR
27
Positions to avoid after THA - ANTEROLATERAL APPROACH
Hip flexion beyond 90 degrees Hip EXADDER beyond neutral Combined motion of FABER If G.med incised - avoid adduction
28
COXA VARA | Mnemonics?
``` PISA Pronated foot IR Shorter leg APT ```
29
COXA VALGA | Mnemonics?
``` PIES PPT I/L leg is longer ER Supinated foot ```
30
3 golden rules after THA
Do not overbend at the hip Do not twist in either sitting or standing (IR/ER) Do not cross the leg over the midline
31
Coxa Saltans aka?
Snapping hip syndrome Dancer's hip Clicking's hip
32
COXA SALTANS External? Internal? Intracapsular?
Iliopsoas tendon over iliopectineal eminence of femoral head Tightness of ITB over greater trochanter Loose bodies 2 to trauma
33
Muscle strain aka?
Pulled muscle
34
MC involved muscle in MUSCLE STRAIN: Hamstrings? Quads? Adductors?
LH of Biceps femoris Rectus femoris Adductor longus
35
Trauma on the ms resulting to hemorrhage or hematoma
Muscle contusion
36
Quadriceps Contusion aka?
Charley Horse Syndrome
37
``` HO OR MO AbN bone formation at the joint? AbN bone formation at the muscle? Cause is prolonged immob? Cause is trauma/contusion? ```
HO MO HO MO
38
HO SITES?
Shoulder )CVA/TBI) Hip (SCI) Post elbow (Burns)
39
MO SITES?
UE - Brachialis > Biceps | LE - Quadriceps
40
Hallmark of HO
LOM
41
In HO there's an increase of WHAT that increases the rate of ossification
Increase alkaline phosphate
42
Medicine for HO
Disodium Etidronate (1 year)
43
MO Sx? | Mnemonics?
PaPa FLEX MO Pain Palpable mass Flexion contracture
44
MO Diagnostic Procedure Early? Late?
Bone scan | Xray
45
Detects hypervascular portion of the bone if there is increase bone mineral turnover
Bone scan
46
``` OSGOOD-SCHLATTER DISEASE Gender? Bilat or unilat? Age group? CI? ```
Male B>U Adolescent (10-14 y.o) Ultrasound
47
PATELLAR TENDINITIS Aka? Difficulty in ascending/descending stairs? Patellar tendon tear? Quads tendon tear?
Jumper's knee Difficulty in descending stairs (ecc cxn of quads) Patella alta, patella can still move Patella baja, patella is unable to move
48
Lesion at LAMFC
Osteochondritis Dissecans
49
Impingement of the infrapatellar fat pad between tibia and femur
Hoffa's disease
50
SINDING-LARSEN JOHANSSON DISEASE Lesion at what site? Unilat/Bilat?
Lesion at the inferior pole of patella | U>B
51
``` CHONDROMALACIA PATELLA Aka? Special tests? Pain with what mv? What sign? Positive what? Tight? Weak? ```
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) Runner's knee Patellofemoral arthralgia Clarke's/Waldron's Knee flexion or prolonged knee flexion (+) cinema sign/moviegoer sign/theater sign (+) camel sign Tight ITB Weak VMO - lateral patellar tracking
52
Sing the MISERABLE ALIGNMENT SYNDROME
.
53
KNEE OA Greatly affects the what part? Deformity? Orthosis?
Medial knee Genu varum Knee - CARS UBC Foot - lateral heel wedge
54
Unhappy triad of O'Donoghue
MCL ACL M.M
55
Ossification of MCL
Pelligrini Steida Disease
56
Position to palpate LCL
FABER/Figure of 4
57
Gold standard for ACL reconstruction What other tendon reconstruction?
Bone-patellar tendon-bone graft | Semitendinosus-Gracilis graft
58
GENU RECURVATUM Aka? Weak quads in what condition? Spastic quads in what condition?
Saber legs Polio CVA
59
KNEE ROTATIONA INSTABILITY | Draw in mind and what structures are involved
...
60
Blount's disease
Tibia vara
61
``` MEDIAL TIBIAL STRESS SYNDROME Aka? Pain at what? D/t overactivity of what? Caused by? ```
Shin plint Tibialis posterior overload Posteromedial Tibialis posterior Toe running
62
ACHILLES TENDINITS MC site of injury? Why? Difficulty in ascending/descending stairs? Why?
2-6cm proximal to achilles t. insertion at calcaneus - bc midportion is hypovascular Difficulty in ascending stairs (stretched heel cords)
63
(+) pump bump deformity
Haglund's deformity
64
Bony enlargement at the back of the heel resulting from chronic use of boots and heels
Haglund's deformity
65
Sever's disease aka?
Calcaneal apophysitis
66
Inflammation of the growth plate at the insertion of achilles tendon on the calcaneus of growing children (ankle joint)
Sever's disease
67
PLANTAR FASCIITIS Pain at what site? Causes?
Medial calcaneus Prolonged standing Obesity Pregnancy Chronic use of flat shoes
68
High arched foot
Pes cavus
69
``` Talipes Equinovarus Aka? Seen in? Orthosis? Serial casting (order of position) ```
Clubfoot deformity Spina bifida & cerebral palsy Dennis-Browne splint ABD-EV-DF
70
Why is DF the last to stretch in the serial casting, to prevent what?
Rocker Bottom deformity
71
Pes planus is seen in what condition?
Down Syndrome
72
PES PLANUS ORTHOSIS | Mnemonics?
STU Scaphoid/navicular pad Thomas heel UCBL heel
73
Widening of forefoot
Splayfoot
74
Splayfoot Mx?
Toe curls
75
HALLUX VALGUS Valgus angle? Complication?
>15 degrees | Bunion (1st MTP)
76
5th MTP Bunion
Tailor's Bunion/Bunionette
77
CLAW TOE MTP? PIP? DIP?
Hyper/ Flex Flex
78
HAMMER TOE MTP? PIP? DIP?
(Similar to buotonniere) / Flex /
79
Hyperextension injury to the big toe resulting to FHL rupture
Turf toe
80
Inflammation of FHL 2 to overuse
Dancer's tendinitis
81
Benign tumor formation at the 3rd interdigital nerve resulting from chronic wearing of pointed high heel shoes? Pain located between what toes?
MORTON'S NEUROMA 3rd & 4th toes
82
DIABETIC FOOT Aka? Decreased supply in what? Major complication?
Charcot's neuropathy Vasa nervorum (blood supply to the nerves) Foot ulceration
83
SEMMES-WEINSTEIN MONOFILAMENT TEST Normal? Loss of protective sensation? Severely insensate foot?
4. 17 monofilament (exerts 1 gauge force) 5. 07 monofilament (exerts 10 gauge force) 6. 10 monofilament (exerts 75 gauge force)
84
Sing the WAGNER CLASSIFICATION FOR ULCERS
.
85
Sensory assessment for diabetic foot
SEMMES-WEINSTEIN MONOFILAMENT TEST

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