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MODULES > Cardio > Flashcards

Cardio Flashcards

1
Q

LOCATION & LEVEL:

Apex
Base

A

Anterior, inferior to the L — approx 5th rib

Posterior, superior to the R — approx 2nd ord 3rd rib

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2
Q

Normal production of Pericardial fluid

A

50mL

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3
Q

Anterior Surface

Other name?
Structures?
Mainly?

A

Sternocostal Surface

R atrium, R ventricle

R ventricle

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4
Q

Posterior Surface

Other name?
Structures?
Mainly?

A

Base surface

R atrium, L atrium

L atrium

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5
Q

Inferior Surface

Other name?
Structures?
Mainly?

A

Diaphragmatic Surface

R ventricle, L ventricle

L ventricle

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6
Q

BRANCHES OF ASCENDING AORTIA

Bcd, LCC , LA SALLE

A

Brachiocephalic
L common carotid
L subclavian artery

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7
Q

Ventricular gallop

A

S3

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8
Q

Atrial gallop/ atrial systole

A

S4

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9
Q

BPM?

SA Node
AV Node
Bundle of His

A

70-80 bpm

50-60bpm

15-40 bpm

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10
Q

PHASES OF CARDIAC ACTION POTENTIAL

Phase 0
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
Phase 4
A 
Depolarization
Inital Repo
Plateau
Repo
RMP
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11
Q

Pulse Pressure formula??

A

SBP - DPB = PP

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12
Q

END DIASTOLIC normal value?

A

120mL

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13
Q

END SYSTOLIC normal value?

A

50mL

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14
Q

STROKE VOLUME
Formula?
N value?

A

EDV - ESV = SV

70mL

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15
Q

CARDIAC OUTPUT normal value?

A

4-6L

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16
Q

MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE formula

A

(1) SBP + 2 (DBP) / 3

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17
Q

Other name of CHRONIC STABLE ANGINA

A

Predictable Angina

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18
Q

Other name of UNSTABLE ANGINA

A

Progressive Angina
Crescendo Angina
Pre-infarction Angina

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19
Q

Other name of PRINZMETAL ANGINA

A

Variant Angina

Angina Inversia

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20
Q

Other name of CAD

A

Ischemic Heart Disease

Acute Coronary Syndrome

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21
Q

Other name of MI

A

Heart Attack

Coronary Occlusion

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22
Q

Other name of CHF

A

Cardiac Decompensation

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23
Q

True MI

A

ST segment elevation + increase cardiac enzyme

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24
Q

Most serious complication of MI

A

CHF

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25
Q

PERICARDITIS

Aggravating Factor?
Relieving Factor?

A

Trunk mvts (esp side to side)

Quadruped/leaning forward

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26
Q

TOF

P
A
R
I

A

Pulmonary artery stenosis
Overriding of Aorta to the right
R ventricular hypertrophy
Interventricular septal defect

TRUE BLUE BABY

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27
Q

1st cardiac enzyme to rise during heart attach

A

CK-MB

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28
Q

Karvonen’s Formula?

A

60-80% (MHR-RHR) + RHR

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29
Q

Location of GREATER SAPHENOUS VEIN?

A

Medial aspect of the leg and the thigh to join the FEMORAL VEIN

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30
Q

Location of LESSER SAPHENOUS VEIN?

A

Lateral malleolus to the posterior leg to join the popliteal leg

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31
Q

MC arterial disease?

A

ASO

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32
Q

TAO aka?

A

Buerger’s disease

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33
Q

Most serious complication of varicosities?

A

SVT

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34
Q

(ASO)

Arteries affected in:
NON-DM PATIENTS?
DM PATIENTS?
(mnemonics??)

A

FAC FT

Femoral
Abdominal
Common Iliac artery

Femoral artery
Tibial artery

35
Q

Virchow’s Triad
H
I
V

A

Hypercoagubility
Intimal wall damage
Venous stasis

36
Q

MC form of venous disease?

A

CVI

37
Q

CVI Stages
I -
II -
III -

A

I - edema + pigmentation (hemosiderin)

II - edema + pigmentation + varicosities + dermatitis

III - ulceration (MC manifestation of CVI)

38
Q

MC manifestation of CVI

A

ULCERATION

39
Q

PRIMARY LYMPHEDEMA

Congenital edema after edema?

Edema present <35 y.o

> edema present 35y.o

A

Milroy’s

Lymphedema Praecox

Lymphedema Tarda

40
Q

2 to chromosome 5 long arm

A

Milroy’s

41
Q

2 to chromosome 16 long arm

A

Praecox

42
Q

Innervation of heart

A

C3-T4

43
Q

Other name of Internal Common Iliac Artery

A

Hypogastric artery

44
Q

Largest pacemaker?

A

Purkinje fibers

45
Q

Primary pacemaker?

A

SA Node

46
Q

MC coronary artery occluded?

A

L Coronary artery

47
Q

ANGINA

Referred pain - followed the distribution of what nerve?

A

Ulnar nerve

48
Q

CABG

Reroute vessels:

A

Great saphenous vein
Internal mammary artery
Internal thoracic artery
Radial artery

49
Q

Largest vein in the body?

A

IVC

50
Q

Average pressure of peripheral pulse?

Average pressure of the large artery in the body?

A

PULSE PRESSURE

MAP

51
Q

Increase ESV?

A

CHF

52
Q

Amount of blood pumped by the ventricles per contraction

A

STROKE VOLUME

53
Q

Amount of blood pumped by the ventricles per minute

A

CARDIAC OUTPUT

54
Q

The framework of the peripheral vascular system

A

Blood vessel

55
Q

Layers of Tunica Intima

Mnemonics?

A

EBC

Endothelium
Basement membrane
Connective tissue

56
Q

The only layer present in all blood vessels

A

Endothelium

57
Q

SVT MC affected vein

A

Greater saphenous vein

58
Q

DVT MC affected veins (Mnemonics?)

A

FIP

Femoral
Iliac
Popliteal vein

59
Q

Provides images of lymphatic system

A

Lymphscintigraphy

60
Q

Tx for Lymphedema?

How much mmHg?

A

Compression stockings

30-40mmHg

61
Q

Types of Primary Lymphedema

A

Milroy’s
Lymphedema Praecox
Lymphedema Tarda

62
Q

Rarest type of Primary Lymphedema

A

Lymphedema Tarda

63
Q

MC etiology of secondary lymphedema

A

Surgery & radiation

64
Q

Location for the ulceration in arterial insufficiency

A

Lateral malleolus
Dorsum of feet & toes
Anterior

65
Q

Location for the ulceration in venous insufficiency

A

Medial malleolus

Medial leg & thigh

66
Q

AI or VI

Edges: well defined

A

AI

67
Q

AI or VI

Edges: ROUGH

A

VI

68
Q

AI or VI

Depth:
Shallow?
Deep?

A

VI

AI

69
Q

Dusky red on dependency

A

AI

70
Q

TROPHIC CHANGES in:

AI?
VI?

A

Dry, shiny skin, abN nail growth

Dermatitis, varicosities

71
Q

LE PRESSURE DOPPLER ULTRASOUND
Pulse?
Cuff?

A

Dorsalis pedis/Post tibial pulse

Calf

72
Q

Formula of DOPPLER ULTRASOUND

A

LE/UE

73
Q

RECITE THE ABI TABLE

Ranges to Indications?

A

…

74
Q

ABI RANGE?

Falsely elevated, DM

A

> 1.20

75
Q

ABI RANGE?

Normal

A

1.19-0.95

76
Q

ABI RANGE?

Mild arterial disease + intermittent claudication

A

0.94-0.75

77
Q

ABI RANGE?

Mod arterial disease + rest pain

A

0.74-0.50

78
Q

ABI RANGE?

Severe arterial disease

A

Less than 0.50

79
Q

ABI POSSIBLE INDICATION?

>1.20

A

Falsely elevated, DM

80
Q

ABI POSSIBLE INDICATION?

1.19-0.95

A

Normal

81
Q

ABI POSSIBLE INDICATION?

0.74-0.50

A

Mod arterial disease + rest pain

82
Q

ABI POSSIBLE INDICATION?

Less than 0.50

A

Severe arterial disease

83
Q

ABI POSSIBLE INDICATION?

0.94-0.75

A

Mild arterial disease + intermittent claudication

MODULES (12 decks)

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