Low Visibility Procedures (LVP) Flashcards
BA Cityflyer Approval for? (RVR AND CAT)
RVR 125M and CAT III approaches
When do LVO come into action? (For the airline)
RVR less than 400m
Approach < CAT 1 Minima
When do LVP come into action? (Airport procedures)
CAT II/III approaches and landings
Takes offs with RVR below 550m
Difference between MIST and FOG?
FOG - Vis less than 1000m
MIST - Vis less than 5000m but greater than 1000m
What is the definition of severe windshear?
Rapid change in wind direction or velocity that results in:
- Airspeed changed more than 15 KIAS
- Vertical Speed changes greater than 500 fpm
When may icing conditions occur? (definition of icing conditions)
- Visible moisture in any form
- Visibility less than 1 statute mile (1,500m)
- Air temperature of 10C or less
ICE, FROST AND RAIN can do what to performance?
Reduces - CLmax (Lift)
Reduces - Stall AoA
Increases - Drag and weight (stall speed) (Can increase by up to 30%)
When and how is RVR reported?
Reported below 1500m RVR at
- Touchdown Zone
- Midpoint
- Stop end
RVR standard reporting is:
0 - 400m 25m steps
400 - 800m 50m steps
800 - 1500m 100m steps
ILS coverage is?
Localiser
Either side of centreline - 10 deg, 25nm
35 deg, 17nm
Glideslope
Either side of centreline - 8 Deg, 10nm
Approach lighting system CAT II/III
900m long
150m and 300m
Last 900m of the runway is what lights?
Last 300m of the runway is what lights?
900m alternating red and white lights
300m red runway centre lights
What are RETILS? What is the spacing?
Rapid Exit Taxiway Indicator Lights
2m lateral spacing on the RETILs
Information Signs are what colour?
Mandatory signs are what colour?
Information: Yellow and Black
Mandatory: Red and White
CAT II/III Holding points - PATTERN A and PATTERN B - PATTERN B holds you further away
Aircraft LVO capabilities
Approach modes?
Approach modes:
APPR 1 - CAT I
APPR 2 - CAT II
AUTOLAND 1 - CAT II / IIIA Autoland (We only get AUTOLAND 1)
AUTOLAND 2 - CAT IIIB
APPR 1 ONLY - Eg PFD Minima Incorrectly Set
APPR 2 ONLY - eg PFD Minima Incorrectly Set
NO AUTOLAND - Autoland has disengaged
CAT III placard in the AC means?
Autoland capable - parallel rudder
When does the Parallel rudder disengage?
- When AP disengages
- Another vertical mode engages
When does the Parallel rudder engage?
- Autoland Engagement (1500ft RA)
- GA with AP engaged - Even if autoland disabled via MCDU
The parallel rudder is a ____ passive system?
Fail Passive
What are the conditions to ARM/ENGAGE autoland?
- Autoland Enabled (MCDU)
- Autopilot / YD engaged
- NAV 1 and NAV 2 tuned to same frequency
- FD Approach Mode selected
- Both PFDs set to correct inbound course (VOR/LOC Preview)
- Both RA / Baro minimums set to RA
- Flap 5 set
AUTOLAND Sequence
Between ____ and _____ RA when Flap is set to 5, AUTOLAND 1 engages. ALIGN and FLARE arm. Parallel rudder self test carried out.
At Approx ____ RA, NOSE UP TRIM applied to prevent nose-down transient in event of autopilot disconnection
At ____ RA, ALIGN engages, RLOUT and RETD arm
At ____ RA, FLARE engages
At ____ RA, RETD engages
At main gear touchdown, RLOUT and D-ROT engage. AT disengages
___ seconds after touchdown, AP disconnects
AUTOLAND Sequence
Between 1500ft and 800ft RA when Flap is set to 5, AUTOLAND 1 engages. ALIGN and FLARE arm. Parallel rudder self test carried out.
At Approx 800ft RA, NOSE UP TRIM applied to prevent nose-down transient in event of autopilot disconnection
At 150ft RA, ALIGN engages, RLOUT and RETD arm
At 50ft RA, FLARE engages
At 30ft RA, RETD engages
At main gear touchdown, RLOUT and D-ROT engage. AT disengages
5 seconds after touchdown, AP disconnects
During an Autoland when does the Auto throttle disconnect?
Main gear touchdown
During an Autoland when does the Autopilot disconnect?
5 seconds after touchdown
For LVO you need?
Crew - Qualified and current
Aircraft - LVO Capable/Serviceable
Airfield - Approved / NOTAMS / Runway
FOs RVR TO limit?
600m or more
What are the requirements for a TO alternate?
Required if unable to return to departure aerodrome
1 hour still air flight time OEI Cruise (250kts)
Based on AC capability
Conditions
- Met report at / above applicable landing minima +/- 1 hour of ETA
- if NPA / Circling, ceiling must be taken into account
- OEI Capabilities taken into account
What are the destination aerodrome requirements?
Weather reports and / or forecasts at / above applicable planning minima ETA +/- 1 hour
- RVR / Visibility in accordance with aerodrome operating minima
- For NPA / circling CEILING MUST BE AT/ above MDH
OR
Two destination alternate aerodromes required
if not met info two alternative required
Destination alternate requirements?
At least one destination alternate required UNLESS:
- Duration of planned flight from take-off and landing less than 6 hours
- Two separate runways available/useable at the destination
- Weather reports and/or forecasts for destination indicated for period of ETA +/- 1 hour will be at least 2000ft or circling height +500ft (whichever is greater) and ground vis > or equal to 5km
Alternate fuel replaced with 15 min holding at 1500ft above destination in ISA conditions (533kg)
during LVO any malfunction below 1000ft will lead to?
Go Around
Unless auto throttle if you can maintain the speed manually
Landing minima - CAT I, CAT II, CAT III
CAT I - 200FT DA, 550M
CAT II - 100FT RA, 300M
CAT III - 50FT RA, 200M
Approach Ban, what is it?
Passing 1000ft Auto callout, RVR must be at or above required minima
TDZ RVR is always controlling
- Midpoint / stop end RVR controlling if reported and relevant
Minimum RVR values
- Midpoint = 125m or RVR for TDZ if less
- Stop End = 75m
Where part of a taxiway equipped with centreline lighting lies within the ILS sensitive Area or is sufficiently close to the runway that the aircraft on that part of the taxiway would present an obstruction to aircraft landing or taking-off, that part of the taxiway will be identified by alternate centreline lights, which are what colour?
Green and Yellow
What is the autobrake setting for all low visibility landings?
Medium
The minimum RVR required for CAT II approach and landing is?
300m
What is the minimum RVR for a CAT III approach?
200m
What runway lighting indicates that 900m of runway is remaining?
Alternating Red and white centreline lights
What is the minimum RVR for CAT II approach?
300m
What is the minimum RVR for a CAT I approach?
550m
What are the lowest minima to be used by an operator for CAT IIIA operations
DH less than 100ft, RVR 200m
Visibility can’t be factored into RVR when?
- Calculating take-off minima
- RVR is available
DA takes into account?
- Obstacles on the approach and missed approach
- Aircraft and operational considerations
CAT II/III approach lighting system consists of? (Row of lights on the extended centre line, two side rows of lights, two crossbars)
Row of lights on extended centre line - where possible, 900m
Two side rows of lights - 270m from runway threshold
Two crossbars - One at 150m and second at 300m from runway threshold
What is the spacing between touchdown zone markings? and the aiming point from the threshold?
Touchdown zone markings - 150m
Aiming point - 400m
Difference between a CAT II and CAT III approach in terms of visual references?
CAT II - 3 consecutive lights, must include a lateral element of the ground pattern.
CAT III - 3 consecutive lights
