loop of Henle physiology Flashcards

1
Q

what can loop of henle be broken into?

A
  • descending limb

- ascending limb

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2
Q

what is the nephron made up of?

A

the glomerulus, bowmans capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle and the distal convoluting tubule

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3
Q

what is the mosmolality in Bowman’s capsule and proximal convoluted tubule?

A

300 mosm (so it is isotonic or equal with the blood plasma which is also 300mosm)

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4
Q

what does high osmolality mean?

A
  • high sodium, high chloride (solutes)
  • low water

hypertonic

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5
Q

what is hypotonic urine?

A
  • low sodium and chloride
  • high water

-low osmolality urine

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6
Q

what is isotonic urine?

A

when the sodium, chloride levels in urine= the water

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7
Q

why does the osmolality increase as you move down the descending limb of the loop of Henle?

A
  • because there are Na+/K+/2CL- co transporters on the ascending limb of the loop of Henle
  • these transport Na+, K+ and Cl- from inside the tubule into the intracellular medullary space
  • water wants to follow sodium so moves from the descending limb of the loop of Henle into this intracellular intramedullary space

this is called counter current multiplication!!

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8
Q

is the descending limb permeable to salt?

A

no

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9
Q

is the descending limb permeable to water?

A

yes

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10
Q

is the ascending limb permeable to water?

A

no

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11
Q

is the ascending limb permeable to solutes (Na+, K+, Cl-)?

A

yes

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12
Q

what is the process that goes on in the loop of Henle allowing the urine to produce varying degrees of volume and concentration?

A

counter current multiplication

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13
Q

is the urine hyper or hypotonic at the bottom of the descending limb of the loop of Henle?

A

hypertonic as water has been removed

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14
Q

is the urine hypo or hypertonic once it reaches the distal convoluted tubule after going through the ascending limb of loop of Henle?

A

hypotonic- as it has lost lots of sodium, chloride and potassium

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15
Q

what travels along the loop of Henle?

A

the vasa recta- branch of the efferent arteriole in the medulla

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