Long-term memory Flashcards
Exam 2
The long-term memory is an ____________ of past events and knowledge learned
archive
The LTM works closely with the
Working memory
How long is remembrance in the LTM?
Stretches from memories from many many years ago and stuff that happened 30 seconds ago
What are the types of coding for LTM?
Visual and auditory but mostly SEMANTIC, etc.
Recognition memory
Identification of previously encountered stimuli
What did Sachs determine about LTM?
Participants remember meaning over exact wording
Coding in LTM is mostly _______________**
SEMANTIC CODING
Neuropsychology
Study of the behavior of people with brain damage
How did HM locate memory in the brain?
Removed the hippocampus
How did removing the hippocampus effect memory?
Retained STM but was unable to transfer to LTM
How did KF locate memory in the brain?
Studying people with damage in the parietal lobe
How did damage in the parietal lobe effect memory?
Impaired STM (digit span) but functional LTM; able to form and hold new memories
Episodic memory
Tied to personal experience; “time travels” to past memories; Self-knowing
Semantic memory
No “Time traveling”; Involves general knowledge and facts; knowing
KC proved that damage to the _____________ caused a loss of _________ memories
Hippocampus; episodic
Italian woman proved
sematic memory was not attached to the episodic memory
The loss of comparing memory systems to other memory systems when one is damaged between TWO patients is
a double dissociation
Acquiring knowledge may being as an episodic memory but then fade to ________
semantic
Autobiographical language
Specific experiences; includes semantic and episodic
Personal semantic
Semantic memories that have personal significance
Semantic can be __________if associated with episodic
enhanced
Forgetting increases/decreases with long intervals after encoding
increases
Forgetting is not an “___________________” process
All-Or-None
A feeling of familiarity with something, but not recollection of it would be a
Semantic memory
A feeling of recollection of something, but not familiarity would be a
Episodic memory
Semanticization of remote memories
Loss of episodic details for memories of long-ago events
Procedural memory
Skill memory; Riding a bike
Priming
Things we learn earlier can impact later behavior
Conditioning
Associations between UC stimulus and C stimulus that are in unconscious memory
What are the two branches of the explicit (Conscious) memory?
Semantic and episodic
What are the three branches of implicit (unconscious) memory?
Procedural, priming, and conditioning
Repetition priming
Test stimulus the same or similar to priming stimulus
Korsakoff syndrome
A progressive, debilitating disease that is from alcohol abuse and vitamin deficiency; causes memory impairments
Warrington and Weiskrantz Korsakoff experiments
Showed fragmented pictures, patients had to identify what they thought the fragments were
Propaganda effect
More likely to rate statements read or heard before as being true
What type of amnesia did Clive Wearing have?
Anterograde and Retrograde Amnesia
Anterograde amnesia
Unable to form new memories after the accident
What caused Clive Wearing’s amnesia?
He woke up one day and had no prior memories and could not conceive future memories; autoimmune disorder
