Loire Valley Flashcards
1
Q
What sub-zone of Touraine AOP is the eastern limit for Chenin Blanc?
A
Amboise
2
Q
Who makes Cuvee le Paon, and what is it?
A
Baumard, Coteaux du Layon, only in select vintages (1997, 2004, 2005 recently)
3
Q
What is a “coulée”?
A
A ravine; Savennieres is spread along a series of 4 plateaux separated by three ravines.
4
Q
Approximately how much of Vouvray production is sparkling?
A
60%
5
Q
What villages bookend Coteaux du Giennois? How far does it stretch and how many hectares? On which bank of the Loire are most vineyards planted on?
A
Gien in the north, and Cosne-sur-Loire in the south where it meets with Pouilly Fume/Pouilly-sur-Loire. It is 60 km and 197 ha. Most vineyards line the eastern side of the Loire.
6
Q
What AOP in the Loire Valley has been entitled to use the “Grand Cru” moniker since 2010?
A
Quarts de Chaume
7
Q
What appellation accounts for 80% of all Muscadet production?
A
Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine
8
Q
What wine appellation of Touraine is also an AOP for goat’s milk cheeses? What grapes are predominately grown there?
A
Valencay; Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir, Gamay, and Cot
9
Q
What’s is Crottin de Chavignol?
A
An AOP for Goat’s Cheese in Sancerre
10
Q
What is Gros Plant du Pays Nantais?
A
An AOP covering roughly the same area as Muscadet — Folle Blanche that can be aged sur lie.
11
Q
Name three communes of production of Sancerre? Which is specifically known for its silex soils?
A
Bannay, Bué, Crézancy-en-Sancerre, Menetou-Râtel, Ménétréol-sous-Sancerre, Montigny, Saint-Satur, Sainte-Gemme-en-Sancerrois, Sancerre, Sury-en-Vaux, Thauvenay, Veaugues, Verdigny, Vinon; Ménétréol-sous-Sancerre is specifically known for its silex soils.
12
Q
What is Clos Baudoin?
A
A premier site of Vouvray, formerly owned by Prince Poniatowski and sold to Francois Chidaine.
13
Q
Associated each commune with its appellation.
a. Vix
b. St Aubin du Luigne
c. Brissac-Quince
d. Cravant les Coteaux
e. Varrains
f. Chavignol
A
a. Vix - Fiefs Vendeens
b. St Aubin - Coteaux du Layon
c. Brissac-Quince - Anjou-Brissac and Coteaux de l’Aubance
d. Cravant les Coteaux – Chinon
e. Varrains - Saumur-Champigny
f. Chavignol - Sancerre
14
Q
What river do Côtes de Forez and Côte Roannaise lie on?
A
The Loire, south of Pouilly Fume/Sancerre
15
Q
What are the assemblage requirements for Coteaux de Giennois, white, rose, and red?
A
White – 100% Sauvignon Blanc
Rose and Red – must be a blend of Pinot Noir and Gamay, with neither varietal exceeding 80%
16
Q
What are the styles/grapes of Côtes d’Auvergne?
A
Blanc: 100% Chardonnay
Rosé: Min. 50% Gamay plus Pinot Noir
Rouge: Min. 50% Gamay plus Pinot Noir
17
Q
Where is Romorantin grown?
A
Cour-Cheverny
18
Q
Who makes Les Romains and La Belle Dame?
A
Vacheron in Sancerre. Single vineyard sites for Sauvignon Blanc on flint (Les Romains) and Pinot Noir on flint (La Belle Dame)
19
Q
What is the largest appellation of the Central Vineyards?
A
Sancerre
20
Q
Name 5 AOPs of the Loire for which hand harvesting is mandated.
A
- Cremant de Loire
- Coteaux de l’Aubance
- Quarts de Chaume
- Savennieres
- Bonnezeaux
- Coteaux du Layon 1er Cru Chaume
21
Q
Which does botrytis occur more, Quarts de Chaume or Bonnezaux?
A
Quarts de Chaume; Bonnezeaux is more likely to be affected by passerillage
22
Q
Name that region: Michel Redde
A
Pouilly Fume
23
Q
What are the styles/grapes of Côtes du Forez AOP?
A
Dry red and rosé from 100% Gamay
24
Q
In which subzones of Touraine AOP is Chenin Blanc dominant? In which Sauvignon Blanc?
A
Amboise, Azay-le-Rideau, and Mesland – Chenin
Chenonceaux and Oisly – SB
25
What Loire region is the #1 producer of sparkling wines?
Saumur
26
What is the name of the vineyard that Edmond Vatan makes wine from? Where is it?
Clos la Neore; within Mont Damnés in Sancerre
27
Name the three subzones of Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine, from north to south
Le Pallet
Gorges
Clisson
(eg. Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine-Gorges)
28
In what year was AOP Vouvray modified to indicate that Vouvray now has to be vinified in Vouvray, specifically outlawing vinification in neighboring Montlouis?
2011; to take effect from the 2014 vintage forward
29
Where would you find the vineyard sites Clos de l’Echo and Clos de l’Olive? Who makes them?
Chinon; Couly-Dutheil
30
Name three appellations of the Central Vineyards allowed to make red wine from 100% Pinot Noir.
Sancerre, Reuilly, and Menetou-Salon
31
What Anjou AOPs must be harvested in tries?
```
Anjou-Coteaux de la Loire
Bonnezeaux
Coteaux de l’Aubance
Coteaux de Saumur
Coteaux du Layon
Coteaux du Layon,
Coteaux du Layon SGN (with or without village designation)
Coteaux du Layon Chaume Premier Cru
Coteaux du Layon (with other village designation)}
Quarts de Chaume
```
32
Where is La Grande Côte? Who makes it?
Amigny, Sancerre; It is a monopole of Francois and Pascal Cotat.
33
In what region and on what soils does Cabernet Sauvignon ripen best in the Loire?
On schist soils in Anjou.
34
What Saumur house is owned by Bollinger?
Langlois-Chateau
35
What three soil types is Chinon broadly divided into? Where would you find each and what styles of wine do they create?
Tuffeau (limestone)/Clay, Gravel, and Varennes (sand). Varennes is found more in the western part of Chinon, and make for the lightest wines. Gravel is found on the banks of the Vienne, making more medium bodied wine. Tuffeau/clay is found on the slopes, and makes for the most structured, age-worthy wines
36
Name a producer of Pouilly-sur-Loire.
Michel Redde is one of the very few producers to take Chasselas seriously with their Gustave Daudin made from yields of 20-25 hl/ha.
37
In what region is Vouvray, Jasnieres, and Montlouis-sur-Loire
Touraine
38
What are the primary red and white varieties of Coteaux du Loir?
Chenin Blanc, Pineau d'Aunis
39
In what department is Menetou-Salon?
Cher
40
Where is Côte de Champtin?
Champtin, Sancerre
41
What style of wine dominates production in the Anjou AOP? What styles are allowed?
Rose, made from Grolleau, makes up 45% of Anjou AOP wines. Red, white, and sparkling are also allowed.
42
If a wine is labeled Vouvray Moelleux, what is the maximum residual sugar? Doux/liquereux? Demi-Sec? Sec?
Sec: max. 8 g/L
Demi-Sec: 8-18 g/L
Moelleux: 18-45 g/L
Doux/Liquereux: 45+
43
What 7 villages are entitled to add their name to the basic Coteaux du Layon AOP?
```
Beaulieu-sur-Layon
Rochefort-sur-Loire
St. Aubin de Luigne
Rablay-sur-Layon
Faye d'Anjou
St-Lambert du Lattay
Chaume 1er Cru
```
44
Approximately what percentage is Anjou's production Rosé? What are the 8 grapes that make up the rosés?
50%.
| Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Grolleau, Gamay, Pineau d'Aunis, Malbec, Pinot Gris, and Pinot Noir.
45
What larger AOP is Bonnezeaux within?
Coteaux du Layon
46
What are the restrictions on chaptalization for Touraine AOP?
Prohibited for wines with more than 18 g/L RS
47
What two appellations lie within Coteaux du Layon?
Bonnezeaux and Quarts de Chaume.
48
What styles of wine may be made in Vouvray?
All white, primarily from Chenin, but Orbois is allowed. May be produced sec, sec-tendre (off-dry), demi-sec, moelleux, and liquereux
49
What is the highest minimum must weight requirement in all of the Loire Valley?
323 g/l for Coteaux du Layon SGN
50
What are the departments of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine?
Loire-Atlantique, Maine-et-Loire
51
What is the difference in soil type between Sancerre and Pouilly Fume?
Pouilly Fume has the three mail soil types that Sancerre does (caillottes, terre blanches, and silex), but also Portlandian limestone and sand. Sancerre is also more hilly; Pouilly Fume flatter
52
What are the maximum yields for Vouvray Petillant/Mousseux? Still wine?
65 hl/ha; 52 hl/ha
53
What are the best vintages of the 2000s for the Loire Valley?
2002, 2005, 2009
54
What styles/grapes are allowed in the Haut-Poitou AOP?
Dry red, white, and rose. Whites from primarily Sauvignon Blanc, reds and roses from primarily Cabernet Franc
55
Is manual harvesting required in Savennieres?
YES!
56
What department is Quincy in?
Cher
57
With what wine region is Antoine Cristal associated? What were his two single vineyard sites, and what became of them when he died?
Saumur-Champigny; Le Clos Cristal (Cab Franc) and Clos d'Entre les Murs (Chenin Blanc), which were bequeathed to Hospices du Saumur in 1928.
58
What is the grape of Pouilly-sur-Loire?
Chasselas
59
Who owns the monopole Clos de la Poussie and what is it famous for?
Baron Patrick Ladoucette in Pouilly Fume. It has been famously neglected! Much of the top vineyard sites have eroded away.
60
What is the minimum RS of Quarts de Chaume? Minimum must weight?
85 g/L (34 g/L prior to 2011); 298 g/L
61
What is the grape of Cour-Cheverny AOP?
Romorantin
62
With the exception of which two grapes, all of the grape varieties grown in the Loire are found in Eastern Touraine?
Tressalier (Sacy), unique to Saint Pourcain, and Melon
63
Where is the vineyard Chêne Vert? Who makes it?
Chinon; Charles Joguet
64
What is Touraine Noble-Joué?
An rosé only appellation in Touraine, wines made in a vin gris style from Gris Meunier (Pinot Meunier), Malvosie (Pinot Gris), and Pinot Noir. Min. 40% Pinot Meunier, min. 20% Pinot Gris, min. 10% Pinot Noir
65
What are the minimum potential alcohols for the following appellations: Coteaux du Layon, Coteaux du Layon SGN, Coteaux du Layon Chaume Premier Cru, Coteaux du Layon (with village designation), Quarts de Chaume, Bonnezeaux, Coteaux l'Aubance.
Coteaux du Layon: 14%
Coteaux du Layon SGN (with or without village designation): 19%
Coteaux du Layon Chaume Premier Cru: 16.5%
Coteaux du Layon (with other village designation): 15%
Quarts de Chaume: 18%
Bonnezeaux: 15%
Coteaux l'Aubance: 14%
66
What is the department of Côte Roannaise, Côtes du Forez
Loire
67
What is the difference between Petillant, Mousseaux, and Cremant?
Petillant : 1/2 the pressure of mousseaux/cremant (1-2.5atms)
Mousseaux: methode champenoise, can carry geographic designation. Aging requirements depend on appellation, but normally 9 mos. lees.
Crémant: 9 months on lees, 1 year total aging (from date of tirage) before release. No geographic designation beyond "Cremant d'Loire"
68
Why is limestone ideal for building out cellars?
It is easy to quarry out and provides an all around constant, cool temperature
69
What is the minimum RS of Chaume 1er Cru?
80 g/L
70
What is the dominant grape of Touraine AOP Mesland Rouge? Touraine AOP Chenonceaux Rouge?
Mesland -- Gamay
| Chenonceaux -- Cot/Cab Franc
71
Who is the only producer of Touraine Noble-Joué available in the United States?
Rousseau Frères
72
What geographic feature marks the boundary between Touraine and Anjou?
Where the Vienne meets the Loire.
73
What are the cepage requirements for Touraine AOP Rouge?
Min. 80% combined Cabernet Franc and Cot (min. 50%). Vineyards west of Tours have a min. 80% Cabernet Franc. May be supplemented with Gamay, Cabernet Sauvignon and Pinot Noir
74
What styles of wine are made in Cour-Cheverny?
White wine from 100% Romorantin. May be sec (max. 8 g/L) or sweeter
75
What are the max yields for Quarts de Chaume?
20 hl/ha (25 hl/ha prior to 2011)
76
What are the cepage requirements for Saumur-Champigny AOP wines?
Cab Franc with a max. 15% combined Cab and Pineau d'Aunis
77
What grapes are sweet wines made of in the middle loire?
Chenin Blanc
78
What is Clos Baudoin?
A premier site of Vouvray, formerly owned by Prince Poniatowski and sold to Francois Chidaine in 2006
79
What appellations for grapes other than Melon can be labeled "sur lie"?
Gros Plant du Pays Nantais
80
What is the main soil type of Vouvray, and what man-made feature of the Loire has it given rise to?
Vouvray consists of tuffeau limestone subsoil, which is a soft material for excavation, giving rise to lots of underground cellars
81
Can sweet wine be made in Cheverny?
Yes, there is no maximum residual sugar for white and rose wines in Cheverny.
82
Name three producers of Bourgueil.
Yannick Amirault, Catherine & Pierre Breton, Pierre Jacques Druet, Domaine de la Butte
83
The cru commonaux of Muscadet lie along what river?
The Sevre
84
What appellation is affected by the Loire River, the Cisse River, and the Brenne River?
Vouvray
85
What are the best vintages of the 1990s in the Loire Valley?
1990, 1995, 1996, 1997
86
Who makes La Dilettante? What is it?
Catherine & Pierre Breton’s (Bourgueil) Vouvray
87
What styles of wine are made in Valençay AOP?
White, Rose, and Red. All dry. Whites must be a majority Sauvignon Blanc, and reds and roses must be blends of Gamay, Pinot Noir, and Cot.
88
What are the minimum must weights for Coteaux du Layon, Coteaux du Layon SGN, Coteaux du Layon 1er Cru Chaume, and Coteaux du Layon (with other geographic designation)?
CdL: 221 g/L
CdL SGN: 323 g/L
CdL 1er Cru Chaume: 272 g/L
CdL (other geographic designation): 238 g/L
89
What styles/grapes are allowed in Touraine AOP Oisly?
Dry white wine from Sauvignon Blanc
90
What are the orientation of most vineyards in Montlouis-sur-Loire?
Southward; towards the Cher rather than the Loire.
91
What styles of wine are made in the Cabernet de Saumur AOP?
Exclusively off-dry rose from Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc, with at least 7 g/L RS
92
What styles of wine are made in the Anjou-Coteaux de la Loire AOP?
Exclusively sweet white wine (min. 34 g/L RS) from Chenin Blanc
93
Where is the vineyard Clos de la Dioterie? Who makes it?
Chinon; Charles Joguet
94
In what region is Chinon and Bourgueil?
Touraine
95
What are the AOPs of the Central Vineyards that are designated for white wine only?
Pouilly-Sur Loire, Pouilly-Fumé, and Quincy
96
What are the assemblage requirements for Gros Plant du Pays Nantais?
Min. 70% Folle Blanche (Gros Plant); plus Montils and a max. 10% Colombard
97
What is "Hermine d'Or"?
An unofficial labeling term championed by Guy Bossard in Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine -- stresses terroir and age ability.
98
Who makes “Goutte d’Or” and when was it made?
Phillipe Foreau/Clos Naudin — a rare Moelleux, only made 4 times in history: 1947, 1990, 2011, and 2015
99
What is varennes and where are you likely to find it?
Sandy alluvial soil found close to the Vienne, a tributary of the Loire in Chinon
100
What are the maximum yields (rendement de base) for Sancerre?
Blanc - 65 hl/ha
Rose - 63 hl/ha
Rouge - 59 hl/ha
101
What three vineyards does Domaine Huet make wine from?
Clos de Bourg, Le Haut-Lieu, Le Mont
102
In what year did Charly Foucault die? In what year was Clos Rougeard sold to the Bouygues brothers (Chateau Montrose)?
2015; 2017
103
Is chaptalization legal in Bonnezeaux? Quarts de Chaume?
Yes; No
104
Why is Anjou particularly good territory for the ripening cycle of Chenin Blanc?
Anjou is warmer than Touraine; spring starts early and is coupled with a dry, sunny Autumn. Good for Chenin Blanc, which buds early and ripens late
105
What are the assemblage restrictions for Cremant d'Loire?
No more than 30% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Pineau d'Aunis
106
Name the three single vineyard sites that Huet makes wine from?
Le Haut Lieu, Clos du Bourg, Le Mont
107
For what appellation is Pineau d'Aunis the primary grape?
Côteaux du Vendômois AOP (rosé and rouge) and Coteaux du Loir AOP
108
What style of wine/grapes are allowed in Reuilly?
Dry white wine from 100% Sauvignon Blanc, rose from Pinot Noir and Pinot Gris, red wine from 100% Pinot Noir.
109
What is the difference between Rosé d'Anjou, Cabernet d'Anjou, and Rosé de Loire ACs?
Rosé d'Anjou: off-dry with .7% min RS; Grolleau is main grape.
Cabernet d'Anjou: off-dry to sweet w/ min1% RS; CS/CF.
Rosé de Loire: always dry; sourced anywhere within middle Loire (max 3 g/L RS)
110
What three wines are made by Nicolas Joly? What appellation do each fall under?
La Coulée de Serrant (AOP Savennieres-Coulée de Serrant); Le Clos de la Bergerie (AOP Savennieres-Roche aux Moines); Les Vieux Clos (AOP Savennieres)
111
What are the best vintages of the second decade of the 21st century so far in the Loire Valley?
2014, 2015, 2016
112
On what bottle might you see the words "Aigle Blanc"?
Prince Poniatowski Vouvray -- his non-single vineyard wine, usually comprised of Le Mont or Haut-Lieu
113
What are the four muscadet AOCs?
Muscadet
Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine
Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu
Muscadet Côtes de la Loire
114
What river do Côtes d’Auvergne and Saint Pourcain lie on?
The Allier; a tributary of the Loire
115
What tributary of the Loire do Quincy and Reuilly lie on?
The Cher
116
What are the cepage requirements for Touraine AOP Rosé?
Must be produced from at least two grapes, with no one making up more than 70% of the blend.
117
What is the department of Chinon?
Indre-et-Loire
118
What region is the foremost producer of white wine in France?
The Loire Valley
119
In what year did the cryo-extraction scandal with Domaine des Baumard come to a head?
2012; Baumard declared a substantial quantity in Quarts de Chaume in a very difficult vintage, which raised suspicions.
120
What appellation does Coteaux de l'Aubance share geographic borders with?
Anjou-Villages Brissac
121
What are the cepage requirements for Saumur blanc and Anjou blanc?
Anjou Blanc - Chenin Blanc with up to 20% combined Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc; Saumur Blanc has transitioned to be 100% Chenin Blanc (2016 was the last vintage SB and Chard were allowed).
122
Who makes Silex Noir, Trois Argiles, and Deronnieres?
Francois Pinon, all demi-sec Vouvray planted on different soil types.
123
What are the three appellations for classic Loire Cabernet Franc in Touraine? What are the cepage requirements of each, and what styles of wine can be produced?
Chinon, Bourgueil, St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil. Bourgueil and St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil make only reds and roses, while Chinon allows for white wine made from 100% Chenin Blanc. Reds and roses from any of the three regions are Cab Franc based, but permit up to 10% Cabernet Sauvignon (encepagement).
124
What appellation lies just west of Savennieres, straddling both sides of the Loire?
Anjou Coteaux de la Loire
125
What is another name for Orbois?
Menu Pineau
126
What is the main difference in soil type between Bourgueil and St. Nicolas de Bourgueil, and what is the resultant stylistic difference?
There is a higher proportion of gravel in St. Nicolas de Bourgueil, and the wines tend to be a bit lighter and less structured.
127
Name four red wine only appellations of Anjou/Saumur?
Anjou Villages, Anjou Villages Brissac, Saumur-Champigny, Anjou Gamay; Saumur Puy Notre Dame
128
If you were to drive 55 km due west from Sancerre, what body of water would you hit and what two appellations?
The Cher River, a tributary of the Loire; Quincy first, and then Reuilly
129
What are the requirements for Touraine Vin Mousseux?
Vin Mousseux is made by the traditional method, and must be aged on the lees for a min. 9 months. Min. 60% Chenin Blanc or Orbois
130
What are the primary and secondary grapes of Cheverny?
Blanc: 60-84% Sauvignon Blanc and Sauvignon Gris, 16-40% combined Chenin, Chardonnay, and Orbois
Red/Rose: 60-84% Pinot Noir, 16-40% Gamay, and permitted up to 10/25% (Red/Rose) Cot and Cabernet Franc.
131
What are the styles and grapes of Touraine AOP Azay-le-Rideau?
White and pink only, predominately Chenin Blanc and Grolleau.
132
Put in order from lowest to highest minimum must weight: Coteaux du Layon, Bonnezeaux, Savennieres, Quarts de Chaume.
Savennieres — 186 g/L (sec), 212 g/L (moelleux/doux)
Coteaux du Layon — 221 g/L
Bonnezeaux — 238 g/L
Quarts de Chaume — 298 g/L
133
What vine disease is called by too much lime in the soil, and where is this common?
Chlorosis; Saumur
134
Is chaptalization allowed in Coteaux du Layon?
Yes, but not for Chaume 1er Cru or SGN
135
What is a synonym for Cabernet Franc in the Loire Valley?
Breton
136
What are the 5 Touraine AOP village subzones and how are they geographically oriented?
Mesland, Amboise, Azay-le-Rideau, Oisly, Chenonceaux. They form a somewhat lopsided cross, with Oisly on the far east. Mesland, Amboise, and Chenonceaux are almost equidistant, with Mesland north of the river, Amboise on the river, and Chenonceaux south of it, all east of Vouvray/Montlouis. Azay-le-Rideau is further west, just east of Chinon, south of the Loire, on the Indre tributary.
137
Compare the size of Coteaux de l'Aubance and Coteaux du Layon?
Coteaux de l'Aubance is relatively small -- 200 ha -- compared to Coteaux du Layon, which is 1500 ha.
138
If you were to drive 55 km due west from Sancerre, what body of water would you hit and what two appellations?
The Cher River, a tributary of the Loire; Quincy first, and then Reuilly
139
Where is Cul de Beaujeu? Who makes it?
Chavignol, Sancerre; Francois Cotat and Lucien Crochet
140
On what side of the Loire river does Savennieres lie? What AOP lies opposite?
North side; Coteaux du Layon/Quarts de Chaume
141
What appellation touches the western edge of Sancerre?
Menetou-Salon
142
What are the styles/grapes of Côte Roannaise AOP?
Dry red and rosé from 100% Gamay
143
What grapes are allowed in Saumur AOP reds?
Cabernet Franc plus a maximum 30% Cabernet Sauvignon and Pineau d'Aunis
144
What is the soil type of Saumur Champigny?
The bedrock in the region is limestone with varying proportions of clay in the topsoil, as well as sand in some places such as Chaintres.
145
What are the three departments that encompass Anjou?
Maine-et-Loire, Deux-Sèvres, Vienne
146
What three appellations do you find on the Loir tributary of the Loire?
Jasniers, Coteaux du Loir, Coteaux du Vendômois
147
What appellation was formerly part of Vouvray? What cepage requirements differ between the two?
Montlouis-sur-Loire; Orbois is not allowed in Montlouis.
148
What is Chenin Blanc known as in Anjou?
Pineau de la Loire
149
What are the minimum must weights for Coteaux du Layon, Coteaux du Layon SGN, Coteaux du Layon 1er Cru Chaume, and Coteaux du Layon (with other geographic designation)?
CdL: 221 g/L
CdL SGN: 323 g/L
CdL 1er Cru Chaume: 272 g/L
CdL (other geographic designation): 238 g/L
150
Is cryo-extraction allowed in Quarts de Chaume?
Cryo-extraction is prohibited by law in Quarts de Chaume, but a transitional agreement allows for it to be employed through 2019.
151
What is the primary red grape of Coteaux-du-Vendomois? White?
Pineau d'Aunis; Chenin Blanc
152
Where would you find the sub-designation of Le Puy Notre-Dame, and what styles of wine are made there?
Saumur; AOP since 2009. Cabernet Franc and a max. 15% Cabernet Sauvignon. Lower yields than regular Saumur Rouge (50 vs. 57) and high minimum alcohol (12% vs. 10.5%)
153
What is the minimum alcohol for Savennieres (sec)?
11.5% potential, 11% acquired
154
What side of the Loire river does Vouvray lie on? What appellation lies directly opposite it on the other side?
The north side; Montlouis-sur-Loire
155
Who makes Clos Naudin?
Phillipe Foreau, Vouvray -- sometimes the estate is referred to as Domaine du Clos Naudin, even though the vineyard does not make up a majority of the holdings.
156
Where is the commune Benais?
Bourgueil
157
In what Loire appellation would you find Negrette? What other appellation in France is this grape dominant?
Fiefs Vendeens; Fronton
158
What are the primary and supporting varieties for Anjou rouge?
Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc, with up to 30% Grolleau and Pineau d'Aunis (max. 10% Grolleau)
159
What appellation is Jasnieres a sub-app of, and what style of wine is made there?
Coteaux du Loir; 100% Chenin Blanc, may be blanc sec (max. 8 g/L) or sweeter
160
What are the assemblage requirements for Saumur Blanc and Rouge?
Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc (up to 20% Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc, combined, may be used until the 2016 vintage)
Rouge: Cabernet Franc, plus a max. 30% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Pineau d'Aunis
161
What departments encompass the Touraine AOP?
Indre-et-Loire, Indre-et-Cher
162
What styles of wine/grapes are allowed in Quincy?
Dry white wine from Sauvignon Blanc, plus a max. 10% Sauvignon Gris
163
Where is the category Fines Bulles used to categorize sparkling wines?
The term may appear on labels of traditional method sparkling wines from 6 AOPs in the Loire Valley: Anjou Mousseux, Cremant de Loire, Montlouis-sur-Loire, Saumur Brut, Touraine Mousseux, Vouvray
164
What is the difference in AOP requirements between Saumur and Saumur Puy Notre Dame?
- Saumur Puy Notre Dame is red wine only
- No Pineau d’Aunis allowed, and only 15% Cabernet Sauvignon (Saumur can be up to 30% combined Pineau d’Aunis and Cabernet Sauvignon)
- maximum yields are 20% less for Puy Notre Dame
- there are restrictions against the use of weed killers for Puy Notre Dame
165
What is the red grape of Coteaux du Loir?
Pineau d'Aunis
166
For which subzones of Touraine AOP is Rouge made?
Mesland, Amboise, and Chenonceaux (the central ones).
167
Who makes Asteroide and what is it?
Didier Dagueneau/Louis-Benjamin Dagueneau; Pouilly Fume made from 18 rows of ungrafted vines, makes 200 liters/year.
168
What is the secondary grape allowed in Vouvray and in what amount?
Orbois, max. 5%
169
What are the requirements for Muscadet to be labeled sur lie?
- Must be aged on its lees and bottled directly off fine lees between March 1 and November 30 of the year following harvest.
170
What are the requirements for Touraine Vin Mousseux?
Vin Mousseux is made by the traditional method, and must be aged on the lees for a min. 9 months
171
What are the white grapes in Fiefs Vendéens?
| The red grapes?
White: min. 60% Chenin Blanc, with Chardonnay
Rose: 80% Gamay and Pinot Noir, then CF, CS, Negrette blend.
Red: Cab Franc, Negrette, and Pinot Noir (principle), with Gamay and Cab Sauv
[all dry styles]
172
What is the maximum RS for Savennieres?
There is no maximum RS; while dry styles are most common, sweet are allowed. If labeled sec, must be below 8 g/L RS (if acid is within 2 g/L, otherwise 4 g/L is the max)
173
What villages bookend Coteaux du Giennois? How far does it stretch and how many hectares? On which bank of the Loire are most vineyards planted on?
Gien in the north, and Cosne-sur-Loire in the south where it meets with Pouilly Fume/Pouilly-sur-Loire. It is 60 km and 197 ha. Most vineyards line the eastern side of the Loire.
174
What is a synonym for Malbec in the Loire Valley?
Cot
175
What is the minimum RS of Bonnezeaux?
51 g/L
176
Where is Chateaumeillant in relation to the other vineyards of the Loire Valley?
It is about 70km due south of Reuilly, at the northern foothills of the Massif Central
177
What are the maximum yields for Savennieres sec/demi-sec? Moelleux/doux?
Sec/demi-sec: 50 hl/ha
| Moelleux/doux: 35 hl/ha
178
Where is Haut-Poitou AOP? What styles of wine are made there?
50 miles south of Chinon and the eastern edge of Saumur; achieved AOP status in 2011 with the dissolution of VDQS; Dry white, rosé, and red based on Sauvignon Blanc and Cabernet Franc.
179
What is the maximum residual sugar for Coulee de Serrant sec and Roche aux Moines sec?
4 g/L
180
Where would you find the grape Sacy and what is a synonym?
Saint Pourcain AOP in the Loire Valley; Tressalier
181
Where is Clos de la Poussie?
Bué, Sancerre
182
Where is Vouvray?
Touraine
183
Where would you find the commutes Beaumont-en-Vernon and Cravant-les-Coteaux?
Chinon
184
What styles of wine are made in the Cabernet d'Anjou AOP?
Exclusively off-dry rose from Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc, with at least 10 g/L RS
185
Define the climate of the Central Vineyards.
Continental climate: cold winters, cool harvests, short summers, bud break happens with frost danger
186
What Loire Cremant producer was formerly owned by Deutz and is now owned by the Henrion family from Champagne?
Château de l’Aulée
187
What appellation touches the western edge of Sancerre?
Menetou-Salon
188
Why does it make more sense to group Anjou with Pays Nantais rather than Saumur, geographically speaking?
Both Anjou and Pays Nantais are part of the hard, igneous rock of Brittany - very different from the clay and limestone of the Paris Basin that runs eastward from just beyond the small town of Doué la Fontaine. Here in Anjou you will find slate, schist, phyllite and various carboniferous rocks. Unlike Saumur and Touraine there are very few underground cellars as the rock is just too hard to quarry out - just the opposite of the limestone of further east where they are commonplace.
189
What is Ragoutant?
A synonym for Negrette in Fiefs Vendeens.
190
In Anjou and Layon, where do the majority of vineyards lie in respect to the river? What are the significant exceptions to this rule?
The majority of vineyards lie on the LEFT BANK (south side) of the river. Savennières and its two AOPs are the exception.
191
What are the four appellations for Melon de Bourgogne in Pay Nantais?
Muscadet AOP, Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP, Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu AOP, and Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine AOP
192
What AOP is closest to Allier?
Saint Pourcain AOP
193
What is the climate of Pay Nantais?
Cool, wet maritime climate
194
What are the elevage requirements for the subzones of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine?
Le Pallet: Wines must be aged on their fine lees until at least April 2 of the second year following the harvest
Gorges and Clisson: Wines must be aged on their fine lees until at least November 1 of the second year following the harvest
195
What appellation overlaps exactly in vineyard delineation with Pouilly Fume?
Pouilly-sur-Loire
196
Name five AOPs for which chaptalization is not allowed in the Loire Valley.
- Quarts de Chaume
- Savennieres-Coulée de Serrant
- Savennieres-Roche aux Moines
- Savennieres demi-sec, moelleux, doux (sec IS allowed)
- Coteaux du Layon SGN
- Coteaux du Layon 1er Cru Chaume
197
What styles of wine are made in Saumur-Champigny?
Dry red wine from Cabernet Franc, plus a max. 15% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Pineau d'Aunis
198
Where is Coteau de Noiré and who makes it?
A single vineyard in Chinon; Phillipe Alliet’s top wine
199
Where is Chateaumeillant in relation to the other vineyards of the Loire Valley?
It is about 70km due south of Reuilly, at the northern foothills of the Massif Central
200
In what department is Saint-Pourçain AOP in?
Alliers
201
What is the name of Baumard's entry level Coteaux du Layon?
Carte d'Or
202
Name the two white grapes of the lower loire
Muscadet/Melon
| Folle Blanche/Gros Plant
203
What are the cepage requirements for Touraine AOP blanc pre-2016 and post-2016?
Pre-2016: White wines from Touraine AOP may be produced from Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Orbois, max. 20% Chardonnay and a max. 20% Sauvignon Gris
Post-2016: Sauvignon Blanc w/ max. 20% Sauvignon Gris
204
If growers in Savennieres or Coteaux du Layon want to make red wine, what can they release it as?
Anjou-Gamay or Anjou-Villages
205
Where would you find Les Loges?
It's a commune of Pouilly Fume.
206
What non-Melon AOP occupies the same area as Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu AOP?
Coteaux d'Ancenis
207
Where would you find the village of Oisly?
Touraine
208
What department is Sancerre in?
Cher
209
Where is Domaine Henri Bourgeois based and what is the name of their New World winery?
Chavignol, Sancerre; Clos Henri, Marlborough
210
What is another name for Pinot Gris in Touraine?
Malvoisie
211
Name three producers known for oak usage in the Central Vineyards.
Alphonse Mellot, Dagueneau, Vacherons
212
What are the styles/grapes of Côte Roannaise AOP?
Dry red and rosé from 100% Gamay
213
What are the two sub-AOPs of Savennières
Roche aux Moines,
| Coulee de Serrant
214
What are the five non-contiguous zones of Fiefs Vendeens?
Brem, Chantonnay, Mareuil, Pissotte and Vix
215
What are the communes of production for Savennieres?
Bouchemaine , La Possonnière , Savennières
216
What is the commune of Quarts de Chaume?
Rochefort-sur-Loire
217
What is the most significant commune for wine production in Chinon?
Cravant-les-Coteaux
218
What is "Fines Bulles" ?
translates to "Fine Bubbles" and is a general term for sparkling Loire wines.
219
What are the three lieux-dits of Quarts de Chaume?
Les Quarts
Les Roueres
Le Veau
220
What is the maximum amount of residual sugar in Vouvray sec?
8 g/L
221
What is a synonym for Folle Blanche in the Loire Valley?
Gros Plant
222
Is chaptalization allowed in Savennieres or any of its sub-AOPs?
Savennieres: not allowed for wines of demi-sec or greater sweetness
Coulee de Serrant and Roche aux Moines: prohibited for all wine
223
What is the minimum RS for Coteaux du Layon and CdL 1er Cru Chaume?
34 g/L
| CdL 1er Cru Chaume: 80 g/L (68 g/L prior to 2011)
224
If you were travelling down the Loire from Orleans into Touraine, what is the first appellation you would hit?
Cheverny
225
Where does Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine get its name from?
It lies near the confluence of the Sevre and Maine rivers.
226
What separates the Massif Central from the Alps?
The Rhone River and the deep furrow that it creates.
227
What are the styles/grapes of wine allowed in the Orléans AOP?
Dry white wine from at least 60% Chardonnay, with Pinot Gris. Dry rosé from at least 60% Pinot Meunier, with Pinot Gris and Pinot Noir. Dry red wine from 70-90% Pinot Meunier, plus Pinot Noir
228
Who makes Nuit d’Ivresse and what is it?
Catherine & Pierre Breton, SO2-free Bourgueil, first vintage 1994
229
Soil difference between Saumur and Anjou
Saumur: limestone w/ sand
Anjou: schist & clay marl
230
Name three appellations of the Central Vineyards devoted to white wine production. There is only one appellation of the Central Vineyards exclusively for reds -- what is it and what grape can be grown?
Pouilly-Fume, Pouilly-sur-Loire, Quincy; Orleans-Clery (exclusively Cab Franc)
231
What is the minimum alcohol for Muscadet Sevre et Maine? With a subzone designation?
10%/11%
232
What styles of wines/grapes are allowed in Menetou Salon?
Dry white wines from 100% Sauvignon Blanc and dry red and rose wines from 100% Pinot Noir. Sauvignon Gris is permitted for white wine, but it may not be replanted.
233
What are the EU regulations regarding Residual sugar in still wines of the Loire (assuming suitable acidity)?
Demi-sec: 9-18g/l
Moelleux: 18-45g/l
doux: 45g/l
234
What are the unofficial "grand crus" of Savennieres, and when did they gain official AOP status?
Roche aux Moines and Coulee de Serrant; 2011
235
What soil defines Savennieres?
Blue schist & volcanic debris
236
What styles of wine are allowed in Bourgueil?
Red and rose from a majority Cabernet Franc. 10% Cabernet Sauvignon may be planted in vineyards, but the majority of the wine has to be composed of Cabernet Franc.
237
Name three communes of Saumur-Champigny?
Chacé, Montsoreau, Parnay, Saint-Cyr-en-Bourg, Saumur, Souzay-Champigny, Turquant, Varrains
238
What is the name given in the Loire to the Kimmeridgian chalk that extends over from Chablis? What appellation is it most prominent in?
Terre Blanches; Sancerre
239
Where is Langlois-Château based? What style of wine are they famous for? Who owns them?
Saumur; Saumur Mousseux; Bollinger (since 1973)
240
What separates the Massif Central from the Alps?
The Rhone River and the deep furrow that it creates.
241
What is Meslier Saint-François? Name an off-spring grape.
A grape variety popular in the eastern Touraine in the 20th century. Was most likely sold to Germany to make sekt. Messier Saint François x Chenin Blanc = Orbois (Menu Pineau)
242
What two grapes are found in significant amounts in Orleans AOP that are not found in the rest of the Central Vineyards?
Chardonnay & Pinot Meunier
243
What are the assemblage requirements for Coteaux de Giennois, white, rose, and red?
White -- 100% Sauvignon Blanc
| Rose and Red -- must be a blend of Pinot Noir and Gamay, with neither varietal exceeding 80%
244
What two single vineyard sites does Clos Rougeard make Saumur Champigny from?
Le Bourg and Les Poyeux
245
What styles of wines/grapes are allowed in Menetou Salon?
Dry white wines from 100% Sauvignon Blanc and dry red and rose wines from 100% Pinot Noir. Sauvignon Gris is permitted for white wine, but it may not be replanted.
246
What are the maximum yields for Savennieres?
Sec/demi-sec: 50 hl/ha
| Moelleux/doux: 35 hl/ha
247
What do most of Sancerre's best vineyard sites have in common?
They are planted on hillsides on terre blanches soils.
248
Where would you find the vineyard Chêne Marchand, and who makes wine from it?
Sancerre; Pascal Jolivet and Lucien Crochet
249
Why does Cabernet Franc grow better in the Loire Valley than Cabernet Sauvignon does?
Cab Franc is an earlier ripening grape, and with the shorter growing season than say Bordeaux, it ripens well where Cab Sauv won't
250
Name the 7 AOCs making sweet wine from Chenin Blanc within the Middle Loire
```
Anjou Coteax de la Loire
Coteaux du Layon
Coteaux du Layon + Village
Chaume (1er Cru of Coteaux du Layon)
Coteaux de l'Aubance
Bonnezeaux
Quarts de Chaume (grand cru)
```
251
Name that region: Jonathan Pabiot
Les Loges, Pouilly Fume
252
What is Brézé?
Brézé is a commune in Saumur known for its Chenin Blanc.
253
What is the coolest region in France to grown Chenin Blanc?
Jasnieres
254
What are the three sub zones of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine? When were they introduced and what are they collectively known as?
Clisson, Le Pallet, and Gorges; 2011; "crus commonaux" -- "communal crus"
255
What are the three main soil types of Sancerre?
Silex (flint), Terre Blanches (kimmeridgian marl), caillottes (stony soil, fossils, limestone)
256
What are the differences in AOP requirements between Savennieres AOP and its sub-AOPs Coulée de Serrant and Roche-aux-Moines?
- No demi-sec allowed in the sub-apps. Just sec, moelleux, and doux.
- Minimum potential alcohol goes from 11.5% pot./11% acq. for sec to 12.5% pot./11.5% acq.
- Minimum potential alcohol for moelleux/doux goes from 12.5% pot./11% acq. to 15.5% pot./11.5% acq.
- Minimum must weight goes from 186 g/l to 204 g/l (sec) and 212 g/l to 255 g/l (moelleux/doux)
- Chaptalization is prohibited for all wines (just demi-sec and sweeter for Savennieres)
- Sec, max. 4 g/l RS (sec can be up to 8 g/l in Savennieres AOP if TA is within 2 g/l)
- Moelleux/doux are a minimum 30 g/l RS in sub-apps.
- yields are lower - 30 hl/ha vs. 50 hl/ha (sec) and 25 hl/ha vs. 35 hl/ha (moelleux and doux)
257
What is the second largest sparkling wine producing region of France after Champagne?
Saumur
258
What are the best pre-1990 vintages for the Loire Valley? Name one for each decade starting in the 1950s.
1947, 1959, 1964, 1976, 1989
259
In what year did Anthony Hwang buy Domaine Huet?
2002
260
What is the predominate soil type of Savennières?
Schistose slate with some volcanic rocks.
261
Name that region: Baron Patrick Ladoucette
Pouilly Fume
262
Name three producers making Sancerre Rouge.
Alphonse Mellot, Vacheron, Reverdy
263
What is the minimum alcohol for Sancerre?
10.5% for blanc, rosé, and rouge
264
Name three appellations outside of Alsace that can label wines SGN?
Coteaux de l'Aubance, Coteaux du Layon, Monbazillac
265
What two vineyards does Baumard source from for their Savennieres?
Clos Ste Yves and Clos du Papillon
266
What is the Cher River a tributary of? What two appellations lie along it?
The Loire River; Reuilly and Quincy
267
Where is Saint-Hilaire-Saint-Florent and what is it famous for?
It is a commune in western Saumur, where most of the leading sparkling producers of the region are based.
268
What was the second demarcated region in all of France, after Chateauneuf-du-Pape?
Quincy, in the Central Vineyards, Loire
269
What do Anjou Noir and Anjou Blanc describe in terms of soil types, and where are these terms used?
"Anjou Noir": dark schist
"Anjou Blanc": limestone
Anjou Villages Brissac
270
Describe the geographic proximity of Sancerre and Pouilly Fume.
The two appellations straddle the Loire River on its northward path, Sancerre on the west; Pouilly Fume on the east
271
What are the three distinct sections of Coulee de Serrant?
Grand Clos de la Coulée, the Clos du Château, and Les Plantes
272
What are the two main trellising methods used in the Quarts de Chaume AOP?
Double Guyot and Gobelet
273
What are the styles/grapes allowed in the Orléans-Cléry AOP?
Dry red wine from 100% Cabernet Franc
274
What are the styles of wine and grapes allowed in the Coteaux d'Ancenis AOP?
Sweet blanc (20-40 g/L) from Malvosie (Pinot Gris), dry rose and red from Gamay
275
What is the minimum must weight and residual sugar for Coteaux de l'Aubance?
238 g/L (SGN -- 323 g/L)
| 34 g/L
276
What AOP does Gros Plant du Pays Nantais share boundaries with?
Muscadet AOP
277
What style of wine/grapes are allowed in Reuilly?
Dry white wine from 100% Sauvignon Blanc, rose from Pinot Noir and Pinot Gris, red wine from 100% Pinot Noir.
278
What department is Reuilly in?
Cher and Indre
279
What is Provignage? Who is using it.
Same or similar to en foule. Provignage is a technique employed in ancient, pre-phyloxera Burgundy and Champagne. Accounts of the practice date back to Roman times. Vignerons planted one cutting, and layered the vine time and time again until one vine, one being, connected by a maze of buried shoots, took up an entire vineyard block, possibly the size of a hectare, perhaps even larger. Stolpman is experimenting with the technique using a Syrah vine in Santa Barbara. Domaine de la Bergerie (Anjou) and Henry Marionnet, Domaine de la Charmoise (Cour-Cheverney) are also using the technique. The latter has a cuvee called "Provignage" of old vine Romoratin.
280
What is the largest estate in Saumur-Champigny?
Domaine Filliatreau
281
Where is La Côte des Monts Damnés? Who makes it?
Chavignol, Sancerre; Francois and Pascal Cotat, Gerard Boulay, Henri Bourgeois, Reverdy
282
Menetou-Salon, Reuilly, Quincy, and Coteaux du Giennois in the Central Vineyards all produce varietal Sauvignon Blanc. What else do they make?
Menetou Salon -- reds and roses from PN
Reuilly -- reds from PN, roses made in vin gris style from Pinot Gris
Quincy -- nada!
Coteaux du Giennois -- reds, must be blends of PN and Gamay
283
What styles of wine/grapes are permitted in the Châteaumeillant AOP?
Vin gris: At least 60% Gamay, plus Pinot Noir (max. 15% Pinot Gris allowed)
Rouge: At least 60% Gamay, plus Pinot Noir
[The proportion of Gamay may be a min. 30% from 2011, a min. 40% from 2016, and a min. 50% from 2021, with a min. 60% mandatory from 2027 onward.]
284
Where in the Loire is the vineyard Clos Ste Catherine and who most notably makes wines from it?
In Coteaux du Layon (specifically the northern portion, near Rochefort-sur-Loire). Baumard makes a single vineyard Clos Ste Catherine
285
What river does Châteaumeillant lie on?
The Arnon; a tributary of the Loire
286
Why is limestone ideal for building out cellars?
It is easy to quarry out and provides an all around constant, cool temperature
287
What appellation lies directly south of the city of Tours?
Touraine Noble-Joué
288
What are the encepagement requirements for Touraine AOP blanc pre-2016 and post-2016? How does this differ from assemblage?
Pre-2016: White wines from Touraine AOP may be produced from Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Orbois, max. 20% Chardonnay and a max. 20% Sauvignon Gris
Post-2016: Sauvignon Blanc w/ max. 20% Sauvignon Gris
Assemblage: Blend must be a majority Sauvignon Blanc
289
In what direction do the majority of vineyards of Montlouis-sur-Loire face? Toward what body of water?
South toward the Cher
290
What is the main grape of Cotes du Forez AOP?
Gamay
291
Name three biodynamic producers of the Central Vineyards.
Alphonse Mellot, Domaines Fouassier and Vacheron in Sancerre, Alexandre Bain and Jonathan Pabiot (part) in Pouilly, and Domaine Philippe Gilbert in Menetou-Salon. In Reuilly, Denis Jamain (Domaine de Reuilly) is in his first year of conversion.
292
What are the differences in soil type between the 3 subzones of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine?
Clisson: Granite
Gorges: Clay and gabbro (igneous rock)
Le Pallet: Gneiss, quartz, and gabbro
293
What is the main grape of Cote Roannaise AOP?
Gamay
294
What styles of wine and with what grapes are made in Coteaux du Saumur?
Sweet white wine (min. 34 g/L RS, 238 g/L must weight) from 100% Chenin Blanc
295
What department is Reuilly in?
Cher and Indre
296
What river do the vineyards of Bourgueil face? Chinon? In what direction do they both face?
Loire; Vienne; South
297
What are the two overarching AOPs south of the Loire River opposite Savennieres? What style of wine is made there and what is the minimum RS?
Coteaux du Layon and Coteaux de l'Aubance; sweet wines from Chenin Blanc. Min. RS 34 g/L.
298
What new encepagement requirements need to be met in Touraine by 2016?
Mandated planting of Sauvignon Blanc and a max. 20% Sauvignon Gris. Chenin Blanc is no longer a permitted grape varietal for Touraine Blanc.
299
Is chaptalization allowed in Coteaux du Layon?
Yes, it is permitted except for Chaume Premier Cru and SGN
300
Name three single vineyard sites from Sancerre.
La Côte des Monts Damnés (Chavignol), Cul de Beaujeu (Chavignol), La Grande Côte (Amigny), Clos de la Poussie (Bué) and the Côte de Champtin (Champtin)
301
What is the furthest south appellation of the Pays Nantains?
Fiefs Vendeens
302
What is the main grape of Chateaumeillant AOP?
Gamay
303
What is the primary soil type of Menetou-Salon?
Kimmeridgian marl
304
In what department is Menetou-Salon?
Cher
305
What years did Gaston Huet make the wine for Domaine Huet? Noel Pinguet?
```
Gaston Huet — 1928-1976 (excepting a few years when he was a POW in WWII.
Noel Pinguet (son in law of Gaston Huet) — 1976-2012 (due to irreconcilable differences with Anthony Hwang’s children).
```
306
Order from east to west: Quincy, Pouilly Fume, Sancerre, Menetou-Salon, Reuilly
Pouilly Fume, Sancerre, Menetou-Salon, Quincy, Reuilly
307
The areas in Lower Loire (muscadet) is known for what soil type?
Gneiss - porous volcanic rock (metamorphic, compressed granite)
Gabbro - rocky, mineral rich (igneous, crystalline cooled magma)
308
Where is Cheverny and what grapes dominate there?
In the eastern Touraine; Pinot Noir and Gamay based reds, Sauvignon Blanc based whites
309
Place from east to west: Menetou-Salon, Pouilly Fume, Reuilly, Sancerre, Quincy
Pouilly Fume, Sancerre, Menetou-Salon, Quincy, Reuilly
310
With the elimination of VDQS in 2011, what three new regions gained AOP status in Pay Nantais?
Gros Plant du Pays Nantais, Coteaux d'Ancenis, and Fiefs Vendeens
311
What is Gros Plant/Folle Blanche known as in Armagnac?
Picpoul (not the same as Rhône's picpoul!)
312
What styles of wine are allowed in Coteaux de Saumur?
Exclusively sweet white wine (min. 34 g/L RS) from Chenin Blanc. Must weight, min. 238 g/L RS.
313
What is the lowest yield requirement in the Loire Valley? For what AOP?
Quarts de Chaume, 20 hl/ha since 2011.
314
What is the min. must weight and residual sugar for Bonnezeaux?
RS -- 51 g/L
| Must weight -- 238 g/L
315
What is the department of Côte Roannaise, Côtes du Forez
Loire
316
What is the southernmost appellation of the Loire?
Cotes d'Auvergne AOP
317
Why can a wine from one of the three sub-zones of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine not be labeled "sur lie".
The sub-zones of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine require a minimum 18 months sur lie, which exceeds the period of time permitted for the labeling of "sur lie".
318
What department is Quincy in?
Cher
319
Where in the Loire Valley does Cabernet Sauvignon ripen the best and why?
Anjou, because it has a longer growing season
320
What is Touriane Noble Joué?
dry rosé, or vin gris, made from Pinot Meunier, Noir, and Gris. Made in the southern outskirts of Tours.
321
What are the styles/grapes of Saint-Pourçain AOP?
Blanc: 50-80% Chardonnay, 20-40% Sacy (Tressalier), max. 10% Sauvignon Blanc
Rosé: 100% Gamay
Rouge: 40-75% Gamay, and 25-60% Pinot Noir
(only dry styles)
322
Where is Savennières?
Anjou
323
What larger appellation does Coteaux du Saumur lie within?
Saumur-Champigny
324
What is the department of Vouvray?
Indre-et-Loire
325
Who makes the following cuvees?
a. Clos De La Dioterie
b. Clos De La Neore
c. Les Romains
d. Clos Du Calvaire
e. Asteroide
f. Clos Cristal
a. Clos De La Dioterie = Charles Joguet
b. Clos De La Neore = Edmond Vatan
c. Les Romains = Domaine Vacheron
d. Clos Du Calvaire = Didier / Louis-Benjamin Dagueneau (Very Rare)
e. Asteroide = Didier / Louis-Benjamin Dagueneau (The Rarest)
f. Clos Cristal = Clos Cristal / Hospices De Saumur
326
Who is the largest producer in Pouilly Fume?
Baron Patrick Ladoucette
327
Who makes Champ-Chenin and what is it?
Olga Raffault; Chinon Blanc
328
Why is Savennieres a more successful AOP for dry wine than Coteaux du Layon, across the river?
Higher altitudes and steeper aspects mean less botrytis.
329
Climate difference between Upper, Lower, & Middle Loire
Lower (Muscadet) : Maritime
Middle (Anjou~Touraine) : Maritime with Continental Influence
Upper (Sancerre) : Continental
