Beer, Sake, Spirits & Cocktails Flashcards
What is Nama-chozo-shu?
A sake that is not pasteurised before aging, and just pasteurised once before bottling
Name two things prohibited in the production of base wines in Cognac and Armagnac.
No chaptalization and no use of Sulfur — both can add volatile components when distilled.
What is the desired fermentation temperature and length for Ginjo-Ka?
Cool, slow ferments are most likely to produce Ginjo-Ka
What is the most southern AOP of France?
Martinique AOP in the French West Indies, for Rhum Agricole
What kind of still is used for Cognac production, and how many times is it distilled?
Double distilled in a copper Charentais pot still
Compare and contrast the flavor differences in a Belgian Dubbel vs. Tripel
Higher alcohol in Tripel;
Lighter malts in Tripel;
More hop presences in Tripel
Dubbels tend to be darker, malty, and yeasty
Name three rum producers in Martinique.
JM, Neisson, Clement, La Favorite
Miyagikyo and Yoichi are the two distilleries of this company.
Nikka.
Name three rums made in Jamaica.
Wray & Nephew, Blackwell, Appleton, Myers, Smith & Cross
In what century were Martell, Rémy Martin, and Hennessy founded ?
18th century (1720-70)
What is a Kellerbier/Zwickelbier?
Unfiltered and unpasteurized lagers.
Name two producers of Flanders Red Ale.
Rodenbach, Duchess de Bourgogne
Where are Cognac and Armagnac is relation to Bordeaux?
Cognac – NE
Armagnac – SE
What is the typical alcohol on a Belgian Quad? Name two examples.
10+%; Westvleteren 12, Rochefort 10, La Trappe Quadrupel, Unbriou Trois Pistoles and La Terribleq
Where does the word “brandy” come from?
16th century Dutch settlers in Cognac. Would distill wine to preserve it for the journey back. Brandwijn = burnt wine.
What style of beer might be served with himbeer or woodruff, and what are these?
Himbeer (raspberry) and Woodruff (Waldmeister) are flavors of syrup often served with Berliner Weisse to cut the sourness.
Cocktail: Monkey Gland
Gin, Lemon, Orange Juice, Absinthe, Grenadine
What is the range of alcohol permitted for Tequila DO?
35-55%
What distillery makes Jameson?
New Midleton
What is an American Adjunct Lager?
A lager made in America using grain adjuncts (rice and corn): Budweiser, PBR, MGD, etc.
What states is Tequila production allowed in?
Most is centered in Jalisco, but Gaunajuato, Tamaulipas, Nayarit, and Michoacán also have areas of production.
What is IDL?
Irish Distillers Limited; a banding together of the few remaining Irish distilleries in the 60s. Was just Bushmills and Middleton for a while, and now just New Middleton.
Name three American IPAs.
Bells Two Hearted, Dogfish Head 60 Minute, Surly Furious, 3 Floyds Dreadnaught
What is the name of the product of the first distillation of Cognac?
Brouillis
Name three different methods of conditioning beer?
Kräusening
Lagering
Secondary fermentation in barrel
Secondary fermentation in bottle (bottle conditioning)
Cask conditioning (unfiltered, unpasteurized, and serve from cask)
What defines a Czech style Pilsner? Name three examples.
Originally from the city of Pilsen in western Czech Republic. Defined by prominent hoppiness from Saaz hops. MUST have 28 IBUs to be called a Czech style Pilsner. Pilsner Urquell, Sierra Nevada Summerfest, Lagunitas Pils.
Where is Bacardi Rum made?
Puerto Rico
What is the desired soil type for Cognac? What regions of production is this soil prevalent, and what soil type defines the other regions?
Soft chalk, which defines Grande Champagne & Petite Champagne. The other four regions are defined by higher proportions of hard limestone, sand, and clay.
Put the following in order from first to last in the production of beer: Hopping, Roasting, Fermentation, Boiling, Malting, Mashing.
Malting, Roasting, Mashing, Hopping, Boiling, Fermenting
Cocktail: Stinger
Brandy & white creme de menthe
What strains of agave are typically used for Mezcal production?
Maguey (agave americana) or Espadin (agave angustifolia)
What gravity is a barleywine brewed at?
As high as 1.12 – 8-12% alcohol
What two yeasts are most commonly associated with lambic fermentation?
Brettanomyces bruxellensis and Brettanomyes lambicus
What are the 5 active Lowlands distilleries?
Auchentoshan, Glenkinchie, Bladnoch, Annandale, and Ailsa Bay
Name the active distilleries on the following islands: A) Orkney B) Isle of Skye C) Mull D) Arran E) Jura F) Isle of Lewis
A) Highland Park & Scapa B) Talisker C) Tobermory D) Arran E) Jura F) Abhainn Dearg
What is Bacanora DO?
An appellation for agave angustofolia distillation in the Sonora state of Mexico. Not an internationally recognised DO, falls under Mezcal DO internationally.
Cocktail: Gibson
Gin martini with an onion garnish
What is a synonym for Folle Blanche?
Picpoul, Gros Plant
Cocktail: Widow’s Kiss
Applejack/Calvados, Yellow Chartreuse, bitters (some recipes call for Benedictine)
What is peat? Why is it so common in parts of Scotland?
Peat bogs are semi-carbonized vegetation that forms in wetland conditions where flooding obstructs the flow of oxygen (poor drainage), slowing rates of decomposition. Trees normally do not survive in such environments. This is common in the northern highlands and the isles of Scotland.
What is a California Common/Steam Beer?
A lager brewed at higher temperatures more quickly. Anchor “Steam” beer epitomizes this style.
What is the boiling point of Ethanol?
78.4°C (173°F)
How are Eisbocks made? Name one producer.
Eisbocks are made by freezing off a portion of the water of a bock and removing it from the beer. The result is a bigger body, flavor, and alcohol content. Schneider Aventinus Eisbock.
What are the three category designations for Mezcal? What processes do they lay out guidelines for?
Mezcal, Mezcal Artesenal, and Mezcal Ancestral; they lay out practices for cooking, milling, fermentation, and distillation
What is a Mars beer?
A weaker beer made from the second running of a lambic brewing. No longer commercially produced. In the 1990s, Boon’s made one called Lembeek’s 2%, but it’s been discontinued.
What were the original states of production for the Mezcal DO. Since 2003, what other states have been added?
Oaxaca, Guerrero, Durango, San Luis Potosi, Zacatecas; in 2003, 7 towns in the Tamaulipas state; in 2012, several towns in Michoacán state; in 2015, San Luis de Paz in Guanajuato state; multiple towns pending in the Puebla state
What is a tokkuri? Ochoko? Sakazuki?
A tokkuri is a ceramic, narrow-necked flask that sake is traditionally decanted into. Ochoko are the small cylindrical vessels that sake is traditionally poured into, or the more ceremonial sakazuki cups.
What is a Witbier?
Witbier is Belgian’s answer to Hefeweizen. Often flavored with coriander and orange peel.
What does “Oud” on a bottle of gueuze indicate?
More sour style; the traditional style is unsweetened
Compare the methods of distillation for Armagnac and Coganc and the resultant flavor profile of the spirits.
Cognac – double distilled in a copper Charentais pot still
Armagnac – single distilled in a copper continuous still.
Armagnac emerges more flavorful, less pure, and less alcoholic.
What is a hopback, in beer production?
A hopback is a chamber between the kettle where wort is boiled and the wort chiller. It essentially uses whole hops as a sieve/filter to clear debris/trub and also increases hop aroma. It is not as effective as a whirlpool at removing debris from hop pellets – much more effective at removing whole hop leaves.
What are the main differences between Japanese whisky and Scotch whisky.
- Japanese whisky is vertically integrated; instead of distilleries being independent and blenders buying components, in Japan, companies own both the brand and the distilleries
- clarified wort gives absence of cereal notes.
- Japanese oak employed (as well as ex-sherry, bourbon, new, etc)
Where is Zacapa Rum made?
Guatemala
What caused Irish whiskey production to shrink considerably between 1850 and 1930?
- independence: cut off from the British empire
- prohibition in the US
- isolationist policy with high domestic taxes and export ban
What is the average ABV of a Belgian Dubbel? Name two.
6.5-8%; St. Bernardus Prior 8, Westmalle Dubbel, Ommegang Abbey Ale, Chimay Red
Name the two rivers that enclose the Armagnac region. Name two rivers that flow through it.
Adour and Garonne; Gers, Baise, Midouze, Douze
In beer production, what is sparging?
Sprinkling extra water on grains to extract additional sugars. Done as part of the mashing process.
What is Rosebank?
Silent distillery in the Lowlands, closed 1993
What town is most Mezcal production centered around?
Oaxaca
What is the defining difference between a East Coast IPA and a West Coast IPA?
East Coast — maltier
West Coast — hoppier
Name the six regions of production of Cognac, in descending order of quality.
Grande Champagne Petite Champagne Borderies Fins Bois Bons Bois Bois Ordinaires (Bois à Terroirs)
What is the synonym for Ugni Blanc in Cognac?
St. Émilion
What does the age statement refer to on a bottle of Rum?
If the bottle is being imported to the US, it must refer to the youngest rum in the blend. Producers get around this, however, by using numbers as “fantasy names” rather than an actual age statement.
If the bottle is being sold in the EU or elsewhere, the age can refer to the oldest rum in the blend.
Where does Bourbon take its name from?
“Bourbon” was one of the first counties founded after the American revolution, named after the French Royal family. Within “Old Bourbon” was the principal port on the Ohio River in Maysville, KY from which whiskey was shipped. “Old Bourbon” would be stencilled on the barrels and soon associated with the style of whiskey made in KY.
Why are sake grains milled before fermentation?
To remove the less desirable, protein-rich outer husk and leave a higher percentage of the starchy heart of the grain.
Name five distilleries in the Highlands (not islands).
Glenmorangie, Dalmore, Deanston, Dalwhinnie, Oban,
What is the benefit of having a lower ABV wine used for distillation?
It means a higher degree of concentration when distilled to a finite proof.
Define cogener.
Cogeners are volatile molecules such as esters, other alcohols, and adelhydes. Can contribute to the flavor (or off-flavors) of a distillate.
What is Burtonisation?
Burtonisation is adding sulphate, often in the form of gypsum, to the water used for brewing beer, to bring out the flavor of hops. Name for the good water source of the Burton, UK breweries, on the river Trent.
Burton on Trent, Empire Pale Ale.
Cocktail: Antibes
Gin, Benedictine, Grapefruit
Describe the difference between lager and ale fermentations.
Lager – bottom fermenting yeast, lower temperature, longer fermentation
Ale – top fermenting yeast, higher temperature, shorter fermentation
Where are you more likely to find vintage bottlings – Cognac or Armagnac?
Armagnac
Cocktail: Boston Cocktail
Gin, Apricot Brandy, lemon juice, grenadine
What did the Irish Whiskey Act of 1980 stipulate?
- must be distilled + aged in Ireland
- must come off the still at less than 94.8% ABV
- aged for at least 3 years in casks not exceeding 700 liters
What is the difference between kimoto, yamahai, and sokujo moto sake?
Kimoto — Original method of pole ramming to mash rice and koji to create shubo. No lactic acid added.
Yamahai — “the cessation of pole ramming (yama oroshi)” - no lactic acid added, which is its defining feature today. Discovered in 1909.
Sokujo Moto — “Fast developing moto” — how most sake is made today. It was discovered in 1911 that adding lactic acid would speed up the process of creating the shubo, as well as prevent wild yeast and unwanted bacteria.
What is a Faro beer?
A mixture of lambic and other lighter brewed beer that is sweetened with Belgian candy sugar/rock candy
What are the aging designations for Brandy de Jerez?
Solera – average of 1 year
Solera Reserva – average of 3 years
Solera Gran Reserva – average of 10 years
Who owns Yamazaki?
Beam Suntory
Define the following styles of beer: Bierre de Garde California Common Kölsch Kvass Rauchbier
Bierre de Garde: Flemish & Northern France bottle conditioned beer
California Common: Lager fermented at warmer than normal temps (Anchor Steam)
Kölsch: Ale from Cologne (Germany) fermented at cooler than normal temps
Kvass: Rye based Russian beer usually fermented with fruit juices
Rauchbier: Smoked beer
What is a bollet?
A small ceramic cup traditionally used for drinking cider.
What is Raicilla?
A type of mezcal made from agave lechuguilla and agave pata de mula. Produced in 7 towns of Jalisco, often associated with Puerta Vallarta. Piñas are cooked in above-ground ovens — not as smokey.
What is a schwarzbier? Name two examples.
“Black beer” – black lager. Sprecher Black Bavarian, Sam Adams Black lager.
Ayinger Celebrator, Spaten Optimator, and Bell’s Consecrator are all examples of what style of beer?
Doppelbock
What does Fine Champagne on a bottle of Cognac denote?
At least 50% Grand Champagne grapes, with the remainder being Petite Champagne
What aging designation changed in Cognac in 2018?
XO rose from a minimum of 6 years in cask to 10
What, in terms of Mezcal production, is the Punta?
The product of the first distillation.
Where is Cruzan rum made?
The US Virgin Islands (St. Croix)
Cocktail: Racquet Club Cocktail
Gin, dry vermouth, orange bitters
What is the most common grain in Canadian whisky? What is often thought to be?
Corn is the majority grain in most Canadian whisky, though it was come to be associated most with Rye, which it employs in small amounts.
Where does the style of beer “Bock” take its name from?
Bock was first brewed in the German town of Einbeck, and many people believe “bock” is a bastardization of that name. “Ein bock” means billy goat, an animal that will often appear on labels of bocks.
What is wort?
The sugar-rich liquid that is a product of mashing in beer production (pre-boiling, and pre-fermentation)
What are the aging designations for Calvados?
Fine/***/Trois Pommes/VS – min. 2 years old
Vieux/Reserve – min. 3 years of age
Vieille Reserve/VO/VSOP – min. 4 years of age
XO/Tres Vieille Reserve/Tres Vieux/Hors d’Age, Extra/Napoleon – min. 6 years of age
What is “Hi-Ire” in sake production?
Pasteurisation
When does pasteurisation typically occur in sake production?
Twice; before ageing (in tank) and just before bottling.
What are the authorized additives for Scotch whisky production?
Water and caramel coloring
What is a “shubo” in sake production?
The seed mash; a combination of koji, steamed rice, yeast, and water used to get the fermentation started.
Define the 5 colours of Johnnie Walker.
Red Label: 80 proof, blended, more basic
Black Label: 80 proof, blended, all whiskies in blend at least 12 years old
Green Label: 86 proof, blended malt of Talisker, Linkwood, Cragganmore & Caol Ila, all aged min. 15 years
Gold Label: Blended malt, 15-18 years old
Blue Label: Aka Max Walker, blended to recreate early blends of the 19th century; grain and malt
Name three examples of Witbier.
Blue Moon (CO), Hoegaarden, Allagash White, St. Bernardus Witbier, Hitachino White Ale
Name a producer of Altbier.
Uerige “Sticke,” Freigest “Hoppeditz”
What hops are traditionally used for the American Pale Ale style?
Cascade
What style of beer is often flavoured with coriander and orange peel?
Witbier
What style of beer is Guinness? What tenants define the style?
Guinness is a Dry Stout (often called “Irish Style” stout, vs. Britain’s “sweet” stout). Low gravity with bitterness ranging between 30-45 IBUs. Often served with nitrogen: low carbonation, extra think head, muted flavor and aroma, flatter palate.
What is sakekasu?
Sake lees or “sake cake” — the leftover solids from the sake fermentation. Contains 8% alcohol. Can be eaten, used to make shochu, or for pickling vegetables.
What is barm?
Yeast foam.
What is conditioning in respect to beer?
The final stage of fermentation; after primary fermentation, beer is usually transferred to a second container (may be bottle, cask, or tank) and removed from trub. The main fermentable sugars are gone, but yeast are still active. Can be used to introduce fresh carbon dioxide, clarify the beer,
What is “Ginjo-Ka”?
Ginjo-Ka is the desired fruity fragrance achieved in Ginjo and Daiginjo styles of sake.
What is the only Gueuzerie in Wallonia?
Tilquin
What is a Foreign Stout?
This style began with the beer that would become Guinness’s Foreign Extra Stout - brewed with higher alcohol and more hops. Also, 3 Floyd’s Black Sun, Lion Stout (Sri Lanka), Allagash Black
How are the agave hearts cooked in traditional tequila production?
Pressure cooked in large industrial ovens known as autoclaves, which does not impart any flavor or characteristic to the resulting tequila
What is an altbier?
German for “old beer” — specialty of Düsseldorf. Name comes from the fact that it is an ale, an older (and less common) brewing tradition in Germany. Cooler fermentation than most ales.
What is a kikichoko?
The traditional vessel used for tasting sake (180 ml white porcelain cup with 2 concentric cobalt blue circles)
What are the requirements for distillation and aging for Scotch Whiskey?
All Scotch must be distilled at least twice and aged for a minimum of 3 years.
What kind of still/distillation is used for Armagnac?
Single distillation in a continuous copper still.
What is a Paradis in Cognac?
Cellars that store the glass bonbonnes of aged Cognac.
Name 5 Canadian whisky producers.
Canadian Club, Crown Royal, Pendleton, Pemberton, Canadian Mist, Seagram’s, Highwood
What is the minimum age for Straight Bourbon Whiskey.
2 years old
What is “machair”?
Beach grass; often used along side peat to dry island malts in Scotland
What is the starchy heart of a rice grain known as?
The Shinpaku
What are 4 terms on a label of grappa that would lead you to believe it is aged in wood?
Riserva, Stravecchia, Vecchia, or Invecchiata
What is a Dortmunder style of beer?
A pale lager made popular in Dortmund, Germany. Great Lakes Dortmunder Gold (Cleveland, OH)
What term refers to brewers alcohol being added to a sake? If a ginjo or daiginjo is not labeled any further, does it or does it not have alcohol added?
Honjozo; If just labled ginjo or daiginjo, the sake is honjozo in style. To denote that no additional alcohol as been added, these terms must be preceded by “junmai”.
What geographic feature are lambic beers most informed by?
Lambics get much of their character form microbes and indigenous yeast of the Zenne river valley, SW of Brussels.
What is the English term for Pale Ale?
Bitter; the term “Pale Ale” in England refers to a bottled bitter
Where is Matusalem rum made?
Dominican Repulbic
What is the term for Tequila that is not 100% blue agave?
Mixto
Name one producer each of Calvados AOP, Calvados Domfrontais AOP, and Calvados Pays d’Auge AOP.
Calvados AOP — Dupont
Calvados Domfrontais — Lemorton, Gontier
Pays d’Auge - Roger Groult, Adrien Camut
What is Oro/Gold tequila?
Unaged spirit enhanced by caramel coloring or oak extracts.
What is a California Common and who pioneered the style?
Lager brewed at higher temps; Anchor’s Steam Beer
What is a Helles Lager?
A type of beer native to Munich, Germany. “Helles” indicates a light, pale style (“bright”)
Name three legal requirements to label whiskey bourbon.
- Made in the USA
- At least 51% corn
- Aged in new, charred oak barrels
- Distilled to no more than 160 proof
- Entered into barrel for ageing at no more than 125 proof
- Bottled at min. 80 proof
What are hops?
The flowers of the hop plant humulus lupulus
What percentage of Blue Agave must tequila be to be called tequila?
51%
What distillery makes Red Breast?
New Midleton
What typically differs in Lowlands distillation?
Lowlands whiskies are traditionally triple distilled rather than double distilled
Where is Wray & Nephew rum made?
Jamaica
What is an ESB?
Extra Special Bitter. ESB is a brand name owned by Fuller’s. Extra Special Bitter is also known as a Premium or Strong bitter and tends to be higher in alcohol (4.8%+) than a typical bitter.
Where is Goslings rum made?
Bermuda
How does a German style Pilsner differ in style from a Czech style Pilsner.
German is drier and more bitter than a Czech Pilsner. Beck’s is the most famous example.
Cocktail: Fine & Dandy/Pegu Club
Gin, Orange Curacao, Lime juice
Who makes Uigedail and Corryvreckan?
Ardbeg; Uigedail is their entry level, Corryvreckan is aged in French oak.
Name three practices that are illegal in the making of base cider for Calvados distillation.
Pasteurisation, Acidification, Chaptalization, and Carbonation
Where did the style of Saison originate?
Wallonia, Belgium (southern, French-speaking)
What type of still is traditional used for genever?
Pot still
At what point are grains typically blended for the production of whisk(e)y?
For Scottish + Canadian whisky, the tradition is to blend finished whiskies.
For Irish + American whiskey, the tradition is to blend grains before fermentation
What are three advantages to pouring beer by the bottle instead of on draught?
- More labor to pump/clean lines/glycol system
- More waste – clearing lines, beginning and end
- Guaranteed quality, will not go stale
Name three traditional producers of Hefeweizen.
Ayinger Brau Weisse, Schneider & Sons Weisse, Weihenstephaner Hefeweissbier.
What is a biere de garde?
A traditional classification for farmhouse style beers in France. Typically a warm fermented, strong pale ale. It is a “beer for keeping” – brewed in the winter or spring to avoid unpredictable problems with yeast. Kept until the next summer to drink.
What is the definition of a blended whisky in Japan. Name one.
A blend of both malt and grain as well as several different distilleries. Hibiki is probably the most famous. Owned by Suntory.
What is a cream ale?
A mild, pale, light-bodied ale made by using a warm fermentation (top or bottom) and cold-lagering or by blending top and bottom fermented beers
What is the difference in flavor profile between Highlands and Lowlands tequila?
Highlands — agave grows larger, is harvested later. Makes for a round, fruity tequila
Lowlands — earthy, vegetal, woody
Where is Camembert cheese from?
Cow’s milk cheese from the Calvados area
Define Kölsch beer. Where is it from? How is it made? Name two producers.
A style of beer native to Cologne, Germany (NOT Bavaria). Top fermented at cooler temps, with some cool-lagering after brewing. It is a PGI defined product. Traditional Cologne brewers include Reissdorf and Hoffbrau, but Victory (PA) and Sierra Nevada (Chico, CA) also make a Kolsch. Prominent hop flavor provided by Spalt, Tettnang, or Halletau hops.
What does Hefeweizen mean?
Yeast wheat
What is a Maibock/Helles Bock?
A helles lager brewed to bock strength; a lighter and hoppier version of a bock. Ayinger and Hofbrau both make Maibocks.
What is a Scotch Ale?
Scotch Ale is the name given to a strong pale ale from Edinburgh in the 19th century. Also called Wee Heavy. Caledonian’s is the classic Scottish producer, also Ale Smith (San Diego) and Founder’s Backwoods Bastard (Grand Rapids, MI)
Name 4 plum eau-de-vies (or ways that plum eau-de-vie is labeled).
Slivovitz, Mirabelle, Quetsch, Prunelle
What is keeving?
A process used to make cidré bouché (bottled, corked cider) - underlying principle is to remove nutrients from juice with a day long pre-fermentation maceration (pectin leaches nutrients as it oxidises). This ensures a long, slow fermentation, which finishes and can be bottled while still sweet without any fear of excessive fermentation later.
What makes genever unique to gin?
It generally incorporates about 15% “malt wine” – a distillate of corn, rye, and wheat.
Name two traditional Belgian producers of Saison.
Fantome, Saison Dupont
If a bottle of American Whiskey says “Straight,” how long must it be aged? If a bottle of American Whiskey has no age statement, how long is it aged?
2 yrs; at least 4 yrs
What is scratting in cider production?
Grinding down the apples into a pomace to be pressed
Name three agave varieties approved for the Mezcal DO.
Agave Angustifolia (Espadin), Agave Esperrima, Agave Weberi, Agave Patatorum, Agave Salmiano, and any additional agave varieties that are not the primary raw product for other DO spirits made in the same state or origin (notably, NOT blue agave/agave tequiliana)
Name two producers of Flanders Brown/Ouid Bruin.
Liefman’s, Petrus, Hertog Jan
Cocktail: Fallen Angel
Gin, with a dash each creme de menthe, lemon juice, and angostura
What is “tokutei-meisho”?
Sake of special designation/premium sake
What is namazume-shu?
Sake that is pasteurized once before maturation and not again at bottling.
Name three producers of Faro beer.
Drei Fontenein, Cantillon, Tilquin, Lindeman’s
What is Esprit de Cognac AOP?
An appellation in the Cognac region of France for the third distillation from an Alembic Charentais, usually 80-85% ABV. Exclusively used for the production of sparkling wines (i.e. liqueur d’expedition)
What style of tokutei-meisho does not have a minimum polishing requirement?
Junmai
Cocktail: Parisienne
Gin, Dry Vermouth, Creme de Cassis
Where did gin originate?
In Hollands in the 16th century. Dr. Sylvius de Bouve developed it as a medicinal oil.
What is a real ale/cask ale?
A beer matured by secondary fermentation in the container it is dispensed from, without filtration, pasteurization, or the used of nitrogen or CO2 when it is dispensed.
What is a Mars beer?
A mild lambic produced by reusing the malt from a previous lambic fermentation
Name three examples of an IPA.
Bell’s Two Hearted (Michigan), Surly Furious (MN), Maine Beeer Lunch, Dogfish Head 60/90/120, 3 Floyds Dreadnaught, Bell’s Hopslam
Cocktail: Abbey Cocktail
Gin, lillet, orange juice, bitters
What is Koshu?
Aged sake; minimum of three years (usually in tank)
What is the purpose of boiling in beer production?
The boiling process serves to:
- Terminate enzymatic processes
- Precipitate proteins
- Isomerize hop resins – extracting bitterness, flavor, and aroma
- Concentrate and sterilize wort
What were the contributions of James Crow and Elijah Craig to whiskey production?
James Crow — invented sour mash
Elijah Craig — said to be the first to age bourbon in charred, new casks
Where is 10 Cane Rum made?
Trinidad & Tobago
What temperatures do ales and lagers typically ferment at?
Most warm fermentations (ale) take place from 59-68’F, while most cool fermentations (lager) take place from 40-50’F.
What region of Scotch production would you find on the Kintyre peninsula?
Campbeltown
What temperatures do typical lager and ale ferments happen at?
Lager — 50’ F
Ale — 60-75’ F
