Burgundy Flashcards
What two villages share the Grand Cru Bonnes Mares?
Chambolle Musigny and Morey-St-Denis
What three zones can NSG thought to be split into?
Zone Vosnoise, north of the town of Gevrey
Zone de Saint-Georges, south of the town of Gevrey
Primeaux-Prissey, even further south, which is entitled to sell its wines as NSG
When was Marsannay granted appellation status?
1987; they had petitioned to be able to label wines as Côtes de Nuits Village (unsuccessfully) and were offered this instead.
Name five 1er crus of Beaune.
Les Greves, Les Epenots, Clos des Mouches, Les Vignes Fraches, Les Boucherottes
What are the two sub 1er crus of Montmains?
Fôret and Butteaux
1er Cru: Bois de Chassagne
Chassagne; PYCM, Bernard Morey
Who produces the monopole Clos de la Perriere (1er cru, Vougeot)?
Bertagna
1er cru: Clos des Epeneaux
Pommard; monopole Comte Armand
Where is the monopole Les Vignes de l’Enfant Jesus and who owns it?
Within 1er cru Les Greves in Beaune, a monopole of Bouchard
Name three 1er crus on the right bank of the Serein river?
Fourchaume, Montee de Tonnerre, Mont de Milieu
1er Cru: La Bussiere
Morey; monopole of Roumier
1er Cru: Clos des Ormes
Morey; Faively, Jacky Truchot
What grape are red and rosé wines from the Mâcon AOP made from?
Gamay
What is the smallest Grand Cru for white wine in all of Burgundy?
Criots-Batard Montrachet (1.75 ha)
Name the two satellite appellations of Chablis (in the Yonne department). What grapes are used and what styles are made?
St. Bris: Whites from Sauvignon Blanc & Sauvignon Gris
Irancy: Reds from Pinot Noir, César & Pinot Gris
What is the only vineyard of Morey-St-Denis to be declared “tete de cuvee” by Jules Lavalle in his 1855 classification?
Clos de Tart
Name the village appellations of the Cote de Nuits, from north to south.
Marsannay, Fixin, Gevrey-Chambertin, Morey-St-Denis, Chambolle Musigny, Vougeot, Vosne-Romanee & Nuits-St-George
1er Cru: Clos des Grandes Vignes
NSG/PP; monopole of Liger-Belair
How many grand crus in: Gevery-Chambertin Morey-St-Denis Chambolle-Musigny Vougeot Vosne-Romanée Nuits-St-George
Gevery-Chambertin (9) Morey-St-Denis (5) Chambolle-Musigny (2) Vougeot (1) Vosne-Romanée (6) Nuits-St-George (0)
1er Cru: La Truffiere
Puligny; Sauzet, Thomas Morey, Bernard Morey
What 1er cru of Vosne Romanee touches La Tache and NSG 1er cru Les Boudots?
Aux Malconsorts
What is the synonym for Pinot Gris in Burgundy?
Pinot Beurot
1er cru: Aux Raignots
Vosne Romanee; Liger-Belair, Cathiard
Name three 1er crus of Fixin.
Les Arvelets, Clos du Chapitre, Clos Napoleon, Clos de la Perriere, Les Hervelets, Le Meix Bas
1er Cru: Les Cailles
S. NSG; Chevillon
1er Cru: Aux Bodots
N. NSG; Meo-Camuzet, Jean Grivot, Mongeard-Mugneret
Where do most of the crus of Beaujolais lie? Define the soil type.
In the northern portion of Beaujolais on craggry, granitic hillsides
What 1er cru of Chassagne borders the southern end of Le Montrachet?
Blanchot Dessus
What are the communes of production for Rully?
Rully & Chagny
Name four 1er Crus in Morey-St-Denis
Clos de la Bussière (Roumier monopole), Clos des Ormes, Les Sorbés, Clos Sorbé, Aux Charmes, Les Monts Luisants.
What GCs does Raveneau bottle?
Blanchots, Les Clos, and Valmur
Who makes Cuvee des Merles, and what is it?
Dom. Ponsot Charmes Chambertin
What is the highest elevation 1er cru of NSG?
Les Damodes
What are two of the weaker GCs of Gevrey – ones you are least likely to see expensive bottlings of?
Latricieres and Chapelle; Latrieciers is the coolest, and Chapelle has the richest soils
Where is the Santenots 1er cru?
Santenots is considered a 1er cru of Volnay where planted with Pinot Noir and a 1er cru of Meursault if planted with Chardonnay.
What three villages touch Volnay?
Pommard, Monthelie, Meursault
What is the grape of Mâcon reds – with or without a village name?
With a village name – 100% Gamay
Without a village name – Gamay and/or PN (in practice just Gamay though)
1er cru: Champ Canet
Puligny; Ramonet, Sauzet
What are the five separate village appellations of the Mâconnais?
Pouilly-Fuissé, Pouilly-Loché, Pouilly-Vinzelles, St-Veran, Viré Classe
Name five producers of Corton Charlemagne?
Bonneau du Martray, Coche Dury, Bouchard, Henrio Boillot, Faively, Jadot, De Montille, Latour, Roumier, Tollot-Beaut, Pierre Yves Colin Morey
What 1er cru is adjacent to the eastern border of Bonnes Mares?
Les Baudes
1er Cru: En Orveaux
Flagey; Cathiard, Mongeard-Mugneret
Name five producers of Musigny GC?
Comte de Vogüé, Jacques-Frederic Mugnier, Georges Roumier, Joseph Drouhin, Leroy, Louis Jadot
What is the minimum alcohol for Volnay 1er cru?
11% (true of all rouge 1er cru)
Describe the difference in style of Chambertin versus the adjacent Charmes Chambertin.
Chambertin is bigger, more structured, earthier, has more longevity; Charmes Chambertin matures sooner, is softer and more fruity – lower land, less drainage
What is the northernmost Grand Cru in the Cote d’Or?
Mazis-Chambertin
Where was chaptalization invented, and where does it take its name?
Chaptalization is named after Comte Jean-Antoine Chaptal de Chanteloup, a chemist and a minister of agriculture under Napoleon, who was a strong proponent of chaptalization (especially with beets). However, the French chemist Maquer played around with chaptalization 25 years earlier in 1776.
Name the three monopoles of Dom. de la Pousse d’Or in Volnay.
Clos de l’Audignac
Clos de Soixante Ouvrees
Clos de la Bousse d’Or
Who makes “Le Grand Maupertuis” and where from?
Anne Gros, Clos Vougeot
How many Grand Cru and Premier Cru are in Vosne-Romanee?
six Grand Cru, 16 1er Cru
Who make up the “pack of four” of Beaujolais?
Marcel Lapierre, Jean-Paul Thevenet, Guy Breton, Foillard
What 1er cru of Meursault can be labeled Volnay where planted to red grapes?
Santenots
Name two 1er cru vineyards of Vosne Romanee made famous by Henri Jayer
Cros Parantoux and Aux Brulees
Who owns the monopole Clos De Tart in Morey-St-Denis?
Mommessin until 2017, now Francois Pinault
1er Cru: Cherbaudes
Gevrey Chambertin; Boillot, Fourrier
Name five producers of Criots Batard Montrachet
Henri Boillot, PYCM, Blain Gagnard, Fontaine Gagnard, D’Auvenay, Roger Belland
What are the 1er crus of Blagny that fall under the Puligny Montrachet commune?
Sous le Puits, La Garenne, Hameau de Blagny
What is the northern most Grand Cru of the Côte de Beaune?
Corton-Charlemagne
Where in Burgundy is the Aligoté grape the dominate white grape?
Bouzeron
In what two villages can you find separate 1er cru Les Bressandes?
Aloxe-Corton and Beaune
What village produces more red wine: Puligny-Montrachet or Chassagne-Montrachet?
Chassagne, by a lot (Chassagne produces more red wine than it does white wine!)
When did DRC make its purchase of the Romanee Saint Vivant vineyard, and from who? What other major transfer of RSV happened in that year?
In 1988, the Marey-Monge family sold their share of RSV to DRC, who had previously been making the wine and selling it under the DRC label with the citation “Marey-Monge”. Also in 1988, Leroy bought Dom. Charles Noellat, becoming the second largest land-owner in RSV.
Give an explanation of why the negociant system had and has such a strong hold in Burgundy?
With the fractured land-ownership, and so many small parcels, it is hard for some growers to amass enough wine to make a commercially viable offering.
Name three Burgundian cooperages.
Francois Freres, Taransaud, Rousseau
What cru of Beaujolais CANNOT be declassified at Bourgogne Rouge?
Regnie
What white grape was most prominent in Burgundy in the mid 19th century and when did this transition?
Pinot Blanc; by the late 19th century, Chardonnay had established itself.
What two GCs of Gevrey are separated into upper and lower portions?
Mazis and Ruchottes
What is the largest 1er cru of Volnay?
Clos des Chenes
What are the communes of Marsannay?
Marsannay-la-Côte, Couchey, and Chenôve
What is Bourgogne Mousseux AOP?
Sparkling appellation for reds in Burgundy.
Why is the Cesar grape added to Pinot Noir in Irancy?
Cesar (allowed up to 10%) adds color and tannin.
Who is the largest landowner of Grenouilles?
La Chablisienne
1er Cru: Les Pucelles
Puligny; Leflaive, Boillot
What is Blason de Bourgogne?
A marketing and export program developed by the 5 leading Burgundy cooperatives: Cave de Buxy, La Chablisienne, Cave des Hautes-Cotes, Cave de Bailly, Cave des Terres Secretes
Where is Coteaux Bouguignons AOP? What styles/grapes are allowed?
It is a regional appellation for Burgundy; red, white, and rosé made; Gamay is allowed in red blends
Who are the two largest land owners of Montrachet? Where are each’s plots located?
J. Drouhin (Marquis de Laguiche), at the northern end, and Baron Thenard, in the Chassagne portion.
Name the four climats that Clos St Denis is divided into.
Clos Saint-Denis, Calouere, Les Chaffots, Maison Brulee
How did the vineyard Clos de la Bousse d’Or derive its name?
Used to be called Clos de la Pousse d’Or (Sprout of Gold), for which the Domaine derived its name. In 1967, the INAO decided that a domaine could not use the name of a vineyard unless it was the only wine they made (DRC was exempted from this), but allowed for the vineyard name to be changed to Bousse d’Or (Purse of Gold).
Approximately how much sugar is needed to raise the alcohol of 60 gallons (228 L) of wine by 1%?
10 lbs.
Where in Burgundy is Aligoté the dominant white grape?
Bouzeron, Cote Chalonnaise
What vineyards border La Grand Rue on the north and the south?
La Tache on the south, Romanee Conti on the north
What 1er cru is across a valley from the SE corner of the Grand Cru slope? What Grand Cru is nearest?
Montée de Tonnerre; Blanchot
What is the maximum Gamay in Bourgogne AOP reds?
30%, though there is a “Bourgogne Gamay” designation that is minimum 85% Gamay
Where do most of the 1er crus of Meursault lie?
On the southern end of the village, on the border of Puligny Montrachet (and to some extent Blagny)
Name the 9 Grand Crus of Gevrey Chambertin, and 3 of the 1er Crus?
Grand Crus:
- Chambertin
- Chambertin Clos de Béze
- Chapelle Chambertin
- Charmes-Chambertin
- Griotte-Chambertin
- Mazoyéres-Chambertin
- Latricières-Chambertin
- Mazis-Chambertin
- Ruchottes-Chambertin
Some 1er Crus:
- Clos St. Jacques
- Lavant St. Jacques
- Les Cazetiers
- Estournelles St. Jacques
- Les Corbeaux
- Aux Combottes
1er Cru: Les Perrieres
Meursault; PYCM, Coche-Dury, Lafon, Ballot-Millot
Name the villages of the Cote Chalonnaise from north to south.
Bouzeron, Rully, Mercurey, Givry, Montagny
What 1er Cru of Morey St Denis is the primary source of the commune’s white wine?
Monts Luisants
What is Bourgogne Mousseux AOP?
Sparkling appellation for reds in Burgundy.
Why were Chablis vines originally trained in double guyot? And why is this changing?
Both shoots were trained out in the same direction so that if the upper one frosted, the lower one would still be okay. Frost has become less of an issue with climate change – ironically, 2003 being the last major problem year. Current thinking is to increase planting density, use either single or double guyot, and train the shoots in opposite directions.
Name three 1er crus of Savigny-les-Beaune.
Les Marconnets, Aux Vergelesses, Les Lavieres
What is court-noué?
Fan-leaf virus
What styles of wine can be made in Gevrey Chambertin AOP?
Dry red wine.
Name three 1er crus of the zone Les Saints Georges (southern section) of NSG.
Les Vaucrains, Les Cailles, Les Saint-Georges, Les Poirets, Les Pruliers
1er cru: Clos de la Mousse
Beaune; Bouchard, monopole
How is the soil of Clos des Ducs unique?
Highly chalky subsoil.
What three 1er crus of Pernand-Vergelesses were elevated in 2001?
Sous Fretille, Clos Berthet, and Village de Pernand
Name three 1er crus of Prémeaux-Prissey. What other appellation are these entitled to be released as?
Clos de la Maréchale, Clos Arlot, Les Argillieres, Les Forets
What is the largest Grand Cru in the Cote de Nuits?
Clos de Vougeot
Which of the five main villages of the Côte Chalonnaise make red wine?
Rully, Givry, and Mercurey
What are the sub 1er crus of Montee de Tonnerre from N to S.
Cote de Brechain, Pied d’Aloup, Les Chapelots
What is cold maceration? Who was the most famous of the original practitioners?
Cold fermentation is a matter of taking lightly crushed or whole grapes (usually a combination of the two), placing them in a refrigerated sealed vat, adding a sizable dose of sulfur to ward off bacteria, and then allowing the grape juice to macerate with the skins without fermenting (because it is too cold for fermentation to commence); Henri Jayer would cold macerate his grapes 4-6 days before fermentation. Cold soaking extracts color and flavor, without the solvent of alcohol extracting tannin or bitterness.
What three 1er crus of Vosne Romanee lie adjacent to Nuits Saint Georges? How would you characterize the difference in style between these and the more northern 1er crus of Vosne Romanee.
Aux Malconsorts, Les Chaumes, and Clos de Reas. More meaty and concentrated than their northern brethren.
In what units are bulk price quotations for Chablis given?
In feuillettes (132 L)
Who makes Clos des Fourches and where from?
JF Mugnier, declassified 1er cru from Clos de la Maréchale in Prémeaux-Prissey
What 1er cru is adjacent to Le Musigny GC and Vougeot?
Les Amoureuses
What is Cuvee Madelaine Collignon?
The Hospices de Beaune bottling from Mazi Chambertin. Producers include Leroy, Dujac, Boillot, Jadot, Jacques-Frederic Mugnier, Bouchard
What river runs through Mâcon?
Sâone
1er cru: Clos de Reas
Vosne Romanee; Michel Gros, monopole
1er Cru: La Bossiére
Gevrey Chambertin, monopole of Harmand-Geoffroy
What does “dessus” mean? “Dessous”?
Dessus – Above
Dessous – Below
Name the 5 main villages of the Côte Chalonnaise?
Bouzeron, Rully, Givry, Mercurey, Motagny
What are the benefits/disadvantages of selection clonal vs. selection massale.
Selection massale – diversity of clonal selection. Weaknesses/strengths of different clones balance out.
Selection clonal – individual clones selected; more sterile, less complexity, but less risk
What GC borders Clos du Vougeot on the south?
Grands-Echezeaux
What other GC does Clos de Vougeot touch?
Grands Echezeaux
Describe a few hallmarks of vinification/viticulture that define DRC.
Late harvesting of Pinot Noir; stem inclusion; high new oak usage
What is the largest 1er cru of Gevrey Chambertin?
Lavaux-St-Jacques
Is manual harvesting mandatory for Cremant de Bourgogne?
YES
What 1er cru of Gevrey Chambertin was a monopole of Comte de Moucheron until 1954?
Clos Saint Jacques
1er Cru: Morgeot
Chassagne; Vicent Dancer, Bernard Morey, Ballot-Millot, Ramonet,
Where is the 1er cru Rugiens, and how is it divided up? What portion is considered superior?
Pommard; Rugiens Bas and Rugiens Hauts; Rugiens Bas is considered superior for its better sub-soil. Rugiens Hauts is higher up on the slope, with poorer exposure, more drainage, and more chalk, making for a lighter wine.
Why is Bouzeron more suited to Aligote than Chardonnay or Pinot Noir?
Bouzeron is mainly higher, northern facing hillsides where Pinot Noir and Chardonnay have trouble ripening.
Describe the soil of Meursault.
Calcerous soil rich in iron and magnesium.
Who makes “Vignoble de Vaulorent”?
Fevre, their best of Vaulorent bottling (they release a regular Fourchaume as well)
What domaine owns over half of Griotte Chambertin, but due to metayage agreements, wines from their plot appear under three different labels? Which labels?
Dom. de Chezeaux; Chezeaux, Ponsot, and Rene Leclerc
Order the GCs of Puligny from west to east.
Chevalier-Montrachet, Montrachet, Batard-Montrachet, Bienvenues-Batard Montrachet
Name three producers of Chassagne-Montrachet rouge.
Bernard Morey, Vincent & Sophie Morey, Morey-Coffinet, Ramonet, Fontaine-Gagnard
Name three producers of Ruchottes Chambertin.
Rousseau, Mugneret, Roumier, Jadot, Esmonin
What 1er cru of Puligny had a portion of it reclassified as GC Chevalier Montrachet?
Le Cailleret
Who makes “Cuvee Ancienne Carnot” and where from?
Bouchard, En Cailleret, Volnay
Name five producers of Chevalier Montrachet.
Francois Carillon, Colin-Deleger, PYCM, Louis Jadot, Michel Niellon, Chat. de Puligny Montrachet, Etienne Sauzet, Leflaive
Name the 9 Grand Crus of Gevrey Chambertin and 3 1er Crus.
Chambertin, Charmes-Chambertin, Chapelle-Chambertin, Chambertin Clos de Beze, Mazis-Chambertin, Griotte-Chambertin, Mazoyéres-Chambertin, Latricieres-Chambertin, Ruchottes-Chambertin. 1ers: Clos St. Jacques, Lavaut St. Jacques, Les Corbeaux, Les Cazetiers, Estournelles St. Jacques
Who makes “Le Grand Maupertuis”? Where from/what is it?
Anne Gros, Clos Vougeot
What 1er cru is adjacent to the southern border of Bonnes Mares?
Les Fuées
Give three reasons why the feuillette is a traditional barreling choice for Chablis.
1) Small production – growers can’t always fill larger barrels
2) Wines spend shorter cycles in cask, so more barrel exposure is important for a smaller amount of time is important.
3) Wines can be quite austere! Having more oxygen exposure helps soften.
4) Lees? More lees exposure?
Name the grand crus of Vosne-Romanée. Which are monopoles and of who?
Romanée-Conti: DRC La Tâche: DRC Romaneé St-Vivant La Romanée: Liger-Belair La Grand Rue: Francois LaMarche Richebourg
What is the only GC of the Cote d’Or that abuts RN74 at its base (and thus has horrible drainage issues!)
Clos de Vougeot
1er Cru: Combe d’Orveau
Chambolle; Taupenot-Merme, Anne Gros
Why would a producer in Bouzeron release a wine as Bourgogne Aligote instead of Bouzeron AOP?
Higher yields permitted in Bourgogne Aligote AOP – 72 hl/ha vs. 65 hl/ha
What kind of vine training would be very rare to see in Burgundy proper that is quite common in Beaujolais?
En Gobelet; bush pruning/training
Name the 7 Grand Crus of Chablis, from west to east.
Bougros, Les Preuses, Vaudesir, Grenouilles, Valmur, Les Clos, Blanchot
What major 1er cru of Chablis has no subdivisions?
Mont de Milieu
Why was there an influx of 1er cru elevations in 1943?
To protect them from predations from the occupying forces
Name 5 wines that René & Vincent Dauvissat make.
Chablis GC Les Clos Chablis GC Les Preuses Chablis 1er Cru Forest Chablis 1er Cru Séchet Chablis 1er Cru Vaillons Chablis Petite Chablis
Who owns a 1.1 ha plot of Ruchottes Chambertin GC called “Clos de Ruchottes” that is considered a monopole?
Armand Rousseau
1er cru: En Chevret
Volnay; D’Angerville
What GC of Gevrey touches Morey-St-Denis?
Mazoyeres Chambertin
Name two 1er crus of Meursault that border Puligny Montrachet.
Les Perrieres and Les Charmes
What two villages have a (non-adjacent) 1er cru Les Caillerets?
Volnay and Puligny Montrachet
1er Cru: Les Corbeaux
Gevrey Chambertin; Bachelet
How many 1er Crus are within Nuits-St-George? Name some.
38 1er Crus.
Aux Murgers, Aux Chaignots, Les Damodes, Aux Boudots, Le Foret, Les Cailles, Les Vaucrains, Clos Arlot, Clos de la Marechale, Les St-Georges.
Name four producers who are strong proponents of stem inclusion in Burgundy.
L’Arlot, DRC, Dujac, Leroy
Which Grand Crus does William Fevre NOT make?
Blanchots and Grenouilles
1er cru: Carelle sous la Chapelle
Volnay; Champy-Dom. de la Chapelle, de Montille
What 1er cru of Chassagne-Montrachet has 21 climats and takes up over 1/3 of total 1er cru land?
Morgeot
Who makes the monopole Clos de Tart? What village/designation?
Mommessin until 2017, now Francois Pinault; Grand Cru, Morey-St-Denis
1er Cru: Les Fuées
Chambolle; Mugnier, Barthod, Dujac, Jadot
What other appellation can the wines of Pouilly-Loché be sold as?
Pouilly-Vinzelles (and most of them are)
Where are the superior sites of Clos du Vougeot thought to be?
Higher up the slope – further west; better drainage and exposure
Name five producers of Montrachet.
Joseph Drouhin, Louis Jadot, Comtes Lafon, Ramonet, Remoissenet, DRC, Guy Amiot, Marc Colin, Blain Gagnard, Etienne Sauzet
What are the communes of production for Mercurey?
Mercurey, Saint-Martin-sous-Montaigu
What is the only village in Burgundy that allows for the production of white, red, and rosé?
Marsannay
What two vineyards of Pommard are adjacent to Volnay Fremiets?
Les Jarolieres and Les Fremiers
When was Pinot Noir first planted in Marsannay, by who, and with what intent?
In the early 1900s, by Joseph Clair (of the former Clair-Daü estate) with the intent of creating rosé.
What style of wine is the majority of Aloxe-Corton 1er Cru?
Rouge
What villages level lieu-dit is adjacent to Bienvenues-Batard Montrachet and who makes wine from it?
Les Enseignieres; Coche Dury and Ramonet both make it
1er cru: Les Rugiens Bas/Les Rugiens Hauts
Pommard; Ballot-Millot, Lejeune, de Montille, Jadot, de Courcel
What village has historically supplied the everyday wine of Dijon? Until the early 1900s, what was this wine?
Marsannay; Gamay – until the early 1900s no Pinot Noir was planted in Marsannay
What is the largest monopole in the Cote d’Or?
Clos de la Maréchale in Prémeaux-Prissey, with 9.55 ha. A monopole of JF Mugnier, formerly of Faively (1950-2003)
Name five producers of Bienvenues Batard Montrachet.
Louis Carillon, PYCM, Louis Latour, Leflaive, Ramonet, Etienne Sauzet,
What are the cepage requirements for Bourgogne Passetoutgrains AOP?
Min. 30% Pinot Noir, 15% Gamay
What department are Beaujolais and Coteaux du Lyonnais in?
Rhône
What vintages of the 90s were problematic for spring frosts in Burgundy?
1991 and 1998
What is the difference in effect between a spring hail and a early fall hail?
Spring hail will damage the size of the crop, but will not affect quality.
A August/September hail is the worst time for it to happen because the quality of the crop will be compromised if damaged berries are left in bunches to develop rot and shrivel
What is the largest cru of Beaujolais?
Brouilly
1er Cru: Les Champs Gain
Chassagne; PYCM, Marc Colin
What two climats is Richebourg divided into?
Les Richebourgs and Les Verroilles ou Richebourg
1er Cru: Caillerets
Chassagne; PYCM, Jean-Noel Gagnard, Blain Gagnard
What villages of the Côte de Beaune have no 1er crus?
St-Romain & Chorey-lés-Beaune
Who makes “Cuvees de Dames” and where from?
Joseph Drouhin, Beaune, 1er cru Clos des Mouches
Name five 1er crus of Morey-St-Denis?
Monts Luisants, La Bussière, Clos de Ormes, Les Ruchots, Les Facconieres, Les Chaffots
What is the largest village in the Cote d’Or with the most grand crus?
Gevrey-Chambertin
1er cru: Les Gaudichots
Vosne Romanne; Thomas Chiffot, Regis Forey
When did Corton Charlemagne begin being planted to Chardonnay?
Not until the late 19th century. Prior to this, Aligote, Pinot Blanc, and Pinot Gris (Pinot Beurot) were planted.
Difference between Bourgogne Rouge, Bourgogne Pinot Noir, and Bourgogne Gamay
Bourgogne Rouge: only allowed up to 30% Gamay.
Bourgogne Gamay: 85%+ Gamay
Bourgogne Pinot Noir: 85%+ Pinot Noir, 15%max Gamay
Where would the soil type be described as argilo-calcaire and what does it mean?
Burgundy; clay-limestone rock formation
What is the minimum potential alcohol for Petite Chablis, Chablis, Chablis 1er cru, and Chablis Grand Cru?
9.5/10/10.5/11
1er Cru: Clos Saint-Jean
Chassagne; Fontaine Gagnard, Ramonet (for red)
What 1er cru is adjacent to the northern border of Montrachet?
Le Cailleret
What is the only 1er cru of Chambolle to lie south of Musigny GC?
Combe d’Orveau
Name three producers of Echezeaux.
Emmanual Rouget, Georges Jayer, Anne Gros, Dujac, DRC, Rene Engel , Mungeret-Gibourg
Name two 1er cru sites of Chablis that are located within the Montmains 1er cru?
Forêts, Butteaux
Which 2 grand crus are shared by Puligny Montrachet & Chassagne Montrachet? Which does each village have individually?
Bâtard Montrachet and Le Montrachet are shared.
Puligny: Bienvenues-Bâtard-Montrachet and Chevalier-Montrachet
Chassagne: Criots-Bâtard-Montrachet
1er Cru: Les Grandes Ruchottes
Chassagne (La Grande Montagne); Chat. de Maltroye, Bernard Moreau, Ramonet, PYCM
What are the five main villages of the Cote Chalonnaise?
Bouzeron, Rully, Montagny, Mercurey, Givry
What is primogeniture and how is it different than the land ownership laws outlined in the Napoleonic code?
Primogeniture was the traditional practice of handing land down to the eldest son; the Napoleonic code of the late 18th century/early 19th century required land to be split equally among heirs
Name five producers of Batard Montrachet.
PYCM, Jean-Noel Gagnard, Leflaive, Ramonet, Bernard Moreau, Etienne Sauzet, Fontaine Gagnard, Michel Niellon, Remoissenet
What are considered the two best climats of Corton?
Les Bressandes and Clos du Roi
What is Mâcon Levrouté?
There is talk of having an official designation for white wines above the theoretical potential alcohol limit that are vinified to leave RS – a technique long espoused by Jean Thevenet. Levrouté describes the pinky/violet color of the skins when they are picked late.
What is selection massale?
Diversity in vineyard clones, thought to bring complexity to wine
Which of the five main villages of the Côte Chalonnaise can only make white wine?
Bouzeron and Montagny
What is the only village in Burgundy that allows for the production of white, red, and rosé?
Marsannay
Where is Clos de la Mouchere and who is it a monopole of?
Clos de la Mouchere is a climat of Les Perrieres 1er cru in Puligny Montrachet; it is a monopole of Henri Boillot
Name the two satellite appellations of Chablis (in the Yonne department). What grapes are used and what styles of wine are made?
St. Bris: Whites from Sauvignon Blanc & Sauvignon Gris. Irancy: Reds from Pinot Noir, César, and Pinot Gris.
What color(s) of wine can be made in Corton, Corton Charlemagne, and Charlemagne?
Corton – both white and red (predominately planted to Pinot Noir)
Corton Charlemagne – only white
Charlemagne – only white (rarely used)
What is Pinot Gris known as in Burgundy?
Fromenteau
Who makes “Chateau de Grenouilles”?
La Chablisienne
1er cru: Champans
Volnay; d’Angerville, Lafon, de Montille
1er Cru: Les Cras
Chambolle; Barthod, Hudellot-Baillet, Roumier
1er cru: Les Chaumes
Vosne Romanee; Meo-Camuzet, Faively
Can Meursault make red wine?
Yes, though it accounts for less than 1% of production
What two villages does Les Caillerets straddle?
Volnay and Meursault
What is considered the best 1er cru in Gevrey, and why can it not be upgraded to GC status?
Clos Saint Jacques; because it does not touch Chambertin
What is the steepest of Gevrey’s GCs?
Ruchottes Chambertin
Who makes the monopole Les Boucherottes? What is the designation & village?
Coste-Caumartin, 1er Cru, Pommard
For what region did Dr. Jules Lavalle classify the vineyards in 1855?
Burgundy
Where are the Meursault-Blagny 1er crus in relation to the other southern 1er crus of Meursault?
Further west, up the slope
exactly how big is Clos de Vougeot?
124 acres/50 ha, split amongst 80 growers.
What are two proposed explanations why Volnay has no 1er crus.
Politics – they didn’t lobby hard enough
Overall standard of vineyards is so high, that no one stood out to be elevated (could also be said of Beaune, NSG, and Pommard)
1er Cru: Champ Gain
Puligny; Carillon, Lafon
How many AOCs are within the entirety of Bourgogne? How are they categorized?
101 AOCs.
Regional AOC = 24
Village AOC = 44
Grand Cru AOC = 33
1er Cru: La Boudriotte
Chassagne; Ramonet (red and white)
How would a producer block malolactic fermentation from occuring? Does MLF occur more easily in the presence of a lot or a little malic acid?
Adding sulphur to kill off the lactic acid bacteria; MLF happens easily when there is little malic acidity (usually in warmer years, like 2003) and it is difficult to encourage in cooler ones (like 1996, when it is most desired!)
What Grand Crus does the 1er cru Aux Combottes in Gevrey Chambertin border?
Latricieres on its north, Mazoyeres on its east, and Clos de la Roche on its south.
What style of wine may be made in the Côtes de Nuits-Villages AOP and where can it be sourced from? Which of these villages is the only that has the right to use its name on the label?
Mainly red, but can be white; may only be sourced from the villages Fixin, Brochon, (in the north) Prissey, Corgolin, Comblanchien (in the south); Fixin is the only one that can use its name on the label.
1er Cru: Aux Malconsorts
Vosne-Romanee; Dujac, De Montille, Cathiard
What two 1er crus of Vosne-Romanee are technically within Flagey-Echezeaux?
En Orveaux and Les Rouges du Dessus
Name three communes of production for Chablis.
Fontenay-Près-Chablis, Chichée, Fleys, Courgis, Beine, Chablis
1er Cru: Les Charmes
Chambolle; Barthod, Dom. de Chezeaux, Hudelot-Noëllat, Hudelot-Baillet
Who produces the following monopoles: A. Clos des Epenaux B. Les Boucherottes C. Les Poutures D. Les Veroilles E. Clos de Tart F. Romanée Conti, La Tache G. La Romanée
A. Comte Armand (1er Cru, Pommard)
B. Caste-Caumartin (1er Cru, Pommard)
C. Louis Jadot (1er Cru, Pommard)
D. Ghislaine Barthod (1er Cru, Chambolle Musigny)
E. Mommessin (Grand Cru, Morey-St-Denis)
F. DRC (Grand Crus, Vosne-Romanée)
G. Liger-Belair (Grand Cru, Vosne-Romanée)
1er cru: Clos Saint Jacques
Gevrey Chambertin; Bruno Clair, Armand Rousseau, Esmonin, Fourrier
In 2011, Pommard producers petitioned for what two 1er crus to be elevated to Grand Cru status.
Les Epenots and Rugiens
Name the 7 communes in the Cote d’Or that have more 1er cru and Grand Cru vineyard area than commune level.
Volnay, Morey-Saint-Denis, Vougeot, Flagey-Echezeaux, Aloxe-Corton, Beaune, and Puligny Montrachet
Within what other 1er cru do you find Clos des 60 Ouvrees?
Caillerets, Volnay
1er cru: Clos des Mouches
Beaune; Drouhin
1er Cru: Aux Corvées
NSG/PP; Patrice Rion, Prieure Roch
Where is Bourgogne-Vezelay and what styles of wine are made there?
In the Auxerrois, dry white wine.
Name two producers of Bouzeron.
Dom. A&P de Villaine and Dom. Chanzy
Name five producers of Clos de Vougeot.
Drouhin Laroze, Anne Gros, Meo Camuzet, Louis Jadot, Denis Mortet, Mugneret, Rene Engel
1er cru: Les Suchots
Vosne Romanee; L’Arlot
What villages border Savigny les Beaune on the north and south?
Pernand-Vergelesses on the north, Beaune on the south
1er cru: Les Marconnets
Savigny-les-Beaune/Beaune
A. Name five classic negociant houses in Burgundy.
B. Name five negociant labels who began as growers and then developed a separate negociant label.
C. Name five producers who are a mix of domaine and negociant production (but without two separate labels).
A. Bouchard, Louis Latour, Joseph Faively, Louis Jadot, Joseph Drouhin
B. Maison Leroy, Maison Deux Montille, Dominique Lafon, Dujac Fils & Pere, Frederic Magnien, Maison Benjamin Leroux
C. Henri Boillot, Pierre Yves Colin Morey, Meo-Camuzet, Etienne Sauzet, Patrice Rion, Jean Rijckaert
What two villages share the grand cru Bonnes Mares?
Chambolle Musigny & Morey-St-Denis
1er Cru: Aux Combottes
Gevrey Chambertin; Arlaud, Dujac, Leroy, Jacky Truchot
Name three 1er crus of Vosne-Romanée.
Cros Parantoux, Aux Malconsorts, Les Beaux Monts, Clos de Réas
Name three 1er crus of Puligny that border Meursault.
Champ Canet, Les Combettes, Les Referts,
1er cru: Les Perrieres
Meursault; PYCM, Pierre Morey, Ballot-Millot, Coche-Dury, Lafon, Grivault, Roulot
What style of wine may be made in Côtes de Beaune-Villages AOP, and where can it be sourced from?
Red wine only; may be sourced from any region in the Côte de Beaune except Pommard, Volnay, Aloxe-Corton & Beaune
How many 1er Crus are there in Bourgogne? How many Grand Crus?
635 1er Cru.
33 Grand Cru.
When was Aligote outlawed in Corton Charlemagne?
1948
What village of the Cotes de Nuits has the highest proportion of limestone?
Chambolle Musigny
What is cuvasion?
Leaving fermenting grape juice in contact with skins.
What are the four 1er crus of Vougeot?
Les Clos Blanc, Clos de la Perriére, Le Petits Vougeots, Les Cras
Why is Blagny 1er cru rare? Who are some of the stalwart producers?
Blagny 1er cru can be planted to Chardonnay or Pinot Noir (and released as Puligny-Montrachet or Meursault if Chardonnay, making a lot more money). Jobard, Leflaive, and Matrot are hold-out producers of red Blagny.
What lieux-dit occupies the area just east of Charmes GC?
Champs Chenys
1er Cru: Les Combettes
Puligny; Carillon, Leflaive, Sauzet
What size was a demi-muid historically in Burgundy? What size can it be today?
Historically 600 L, but can vary from 350-800 L today
What is the general soil composition of the Côte d’Or? What soil type is better for whites, and where is it dominant? Reds?
Oolitic (eggstone) limestone and marl. Marl is better suited for reds (dominates the Cote de Nuits), Limestone is better suited for whites (dominates the Cote de Beaune).
1er Cru: Estournelles Saint Jacques
Gevrey Chambertin; Esmonin
What is the unofficial 8th grand cru of Chablis? It is comprised of parcels of which two GCs? It is a monopole of who?
La Moutonne; comprised of parcels of Les Preuses and Vaudésir; monopole of Long-Depaquit
What are the aging requirements for Cremant de Bourgogne?
Min. 9 months lees, 12 months from tirage to release
What is unique about the vine positioning in Clos de Tart?
Vines are trained horizontally along the slope, rather than the typical vertical or diagonol.
Why was Clos de Vougeot much more successful under single ownership than in its fragmented state? What other GC of the Cotes de Nuits sees this problem?
Under single ownership (the church, until 1789), it was based on the Bordeaux model, where blending across the site allowed a strong, uniform wine to be produced. There are many sites weaker and stronger than others within, thus in its fragmented state, the wines are variable. Echezeaux.
Name one vintage in the 70s-00s that grapes were affected by sunburn in Burgundy. What is the result?
1976, 1983, 1998 (though it wasn’t exceptionally hot, there was a burst of heat in late August that damaged grapes), 2003
Sunburn on grapes can engender aggressive tannins and compromise delicate/fresh fruit flavors. Vines also decide they need to worry about themselves rather than their children (the grapes), so ripening can shut down.
If a vineyard lies on the far western edge of Corton-Charlemagne, what village is it in? Far eastern edge?
Pernand-Vergelesses; Ladoix-Serigny
Name the 10 crus of Beaujolais from north to south.
St. Amour, Julienas, Chenas, Moulin-a-Vent, Fleurie, Chiroubles, Morgon, Regnie, Brouilly, Cote de Brouilly
What styles of wine can be made in Morey-St-Denis AOP?
Blanc and rouge
What is the min. potential alcohol for Petit Chablis, Chablis, Chablis 1er cru, and Chablis GC?
9.5%/10%/10.5%/11%
When was the AOP Cremant de Bourgogne established, and what are the assemblage requirements?
The AOP was established in 1975. Gamay, Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir, Aligote, Chardonnay, Melon de Bourgogne, Pinot Blanc and Sacy may be used. Chardonnay and the Pinots must make up at least 30%. Max. 20% Gamay
Name three 1er crus of Gevrey that are adjacent to the Grand Cru slope?
Aux Combottes, Les Corbeaux, Clos Prieur, Cherbaudes, Fonteny
1er Cru: Champeaux
Gevrey Chambertin; Fourrier, Mortet
What style of wine may wines labeled “Blagny” be?
Rouge only; villages or 1er cru
What villages border Beaune on the north and on the south?
Savigny-les-Beaune on the north, Pommard on the south
What are the four communes of Viré-Clessé?
Viré, Clessé, Montbellet, and Laizé
1er cru: Les Gouttes d’Or
Meursault; Jean Michel Ganoux, Lafon
What 1er cru of Flagey has a portion of it classified as Echezeaux GC?
En Orveaux
When was the French Revolution and how did it dramatically affect vineyard ownership in Burgundy?
1789; land was taken from the church and sold at auction. This signaled the beginning of a commercial consciousness for Burgundy.
Name three 1er crus on the left bank of the Serein River.
Vaillons, Montmains, Cote de Lechet
What are two terms you might see on a bottle of Burgundy to indicate it was estate bottled?
Mise en bouteille a la propriete; mise au domaine
Who makes white Musigny? What was the last vintage made? What subset of Musigny is it within and what percentage do they own?
Comte de Vogüé; a .57 ha plot of Chardonnay within Les Petits Musigny (southern portion of the GC) – 10.4 ha entirely owned by Vogüé; 1993
What are the grapes of the Coteaux du Lyonnais AOP?
Red and rosé - Gamay
White - Chardonnay, Aligoté, and Pinot Blanc
What is the primary difference in winemaking practices between St. Bris and Sancerre?
Vignerons allow MLF in St. Bris
What villages of the Mâcon have 1er crus?
None!
What four communes does the appellation Pouilly-Fuissé cover, from north to south?
Vergisson, Solutré-Pouilly, Fuissé, and Chaintré
Give a brief history of the cepage of Ponsot Monts Luisants blanc.
1911 – Aligote is planted
1930s – Pinot Gouges is added
1950s – Chardonnay is planted, making the cepage approx. 60% Aligote, 20% PG, and 20% Chardonnay
1992 – PG is ripped up
2004 – Chardonnay was abandoned post harvest
2005 forward – 100% Aligote
Why are there no 1er crus of Chorey-les-Beaune? What styles of wine can be made there?
It is largely flatland, opposite the hill of Corton. Both rouge and blanc.
What are the communes of production for Volnay?
Volnay and Meursault
Name three producers of Griotte Chambertin.
Dom. de Chezeaux, Ponsot, Rene Leclerc, Fourrier, Drouhin, Claud Dugat, Joseph Roty
1er Cru: Aux Chaignots
N. NSG; Chevillon, Mugneret-Gibourg, Henri Gouges, Georges Mugneret
What percentage of white grapes is allowed in all Burgundian rouge appellations?
Up to 15% Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris, and Chardonnay
What GC is adjacent to the northern boundary of Clos de Beze? How would you compare them in style.
Mazi-Chambertin; Mazi is more rustic, “sauvage”
1er Cru: Aux Beaux Bruns
Chambolle; Ghislaine Barthod, Denis Mortet, Thierry Mortet
Name five wines of Raveneau.
Chablis GC Blanchots Chablis GC Les Clos Chablis GC Valmur Chablis 1er cru Butteaux Chablis 1er cru Les Chapelots Chablis 1er cru Foret Chablis 1er cru Montee de Tonnerre Chablis 1er cru Montmains Chablis 1er cru Vaillons Chablis
1er cru: Les Vignes Franches
Beaune; Jadot
1er cru: Clos des Ducs
Volnay; monopole, D’Angerville
Name three 1er crus of Aloxe-Corton that extend into Corton GC AOP?
Les Meix/Clos du Chapitre, Les Paulands, Les Marechaudes
1er cru: Clos de la Feguine
Beaune (part of 1er cru Aux Coucherais); Jacques Prieur, monopole
Name the 5 Grand Crus of Morey-St-Denis?
- Clos de la Roche
- Clos St-Denis
- Clos des Lambrays
- Clos de Tart
- Bonnes Mares
What are the sub 1er crus of Fourchaume from north to south?
L’Homme Mort, Fourchaume, Vaupulent, Cote de Fontenay, Vaulorent
Where are most Petite Chablis vineyards?
The northern portion of Chablis, around Lignorelles and Maligny
What producer made Cros Parantoux famous? What is the village designation? Who is now making his wines?
Henri Jayer; 1er Cru, Vosne-Romanée; his nephew, Emmanuel Rouget
1er Cru: Les Veroilles
Chambolle; Ghislaine Barthod (Barthod is the sole owner of the 1er cru portion – .37 ha were elevated to 1er cru from villages in 1987)
1er cru: Clos des Chenes
Volnay; Lafarge
Compare the style of Musigny vs. Bonnes Mares.
Bonnes Mares is much more massive, structured, brooding. Musigny is delicate, perfumed, ethereal.
1er Cru: Aux Thorey
N. NSG; Sylvain Cathiard, De Montille
What are the advantages/disadvantages of stem inclusion?
Pro: loosens the texture of grape mass during fermentation, adds tannin (longevity)
Con: too much tannin, “greeness”, stems can absorb color and alcohol during fermentation
1er cru: Les Greves
Beaune; De Montille, Bouchard, Jadot
What is the traditional size of a feuillette in Chablis? The rest of Burgundy?
132 L in Chablis; 114 L (half barrel) in the rest of Burgundy
Is Macon AOP considered generic Burgundy or villages level? Macon Villages? Chablis AOP?
Macon & Macon Villages – generic
Chablis – villages
Name five climats of Corton. What styles of wine are entitled to amend a climat name to Corton GC?
Rouge only; Les Bressands, Le Corton, Les Greves, Les Marechaudes, Les Pougets, Les Renards, Clos du Roi, Le Rognet
1er Cru: Monts Luisants
Morey; Ponsot
1er cru: Les Chalumaux
Puligny; Matrot
Where is Les Clos Blanc and what is its designation? Who is it a monopole of?
1er cru in Vougeot; Domaine de la Vougeraie
Name three 1er crus of Beaune.
Clos de Mouches, Clos du Roi, Gréves, Les Marconnets
What styles of wine can be made in Fixin AOP?
Dry red and white.
Who makes Clos de Bougerots and from where?
William Fevre, a sub-set of Chablis GC Bougros – the steep sector, above the road. More minerality, less flesh.
Define en foule.
Literally, “in a crowd”. Historical practice in Burgundy of planting vines individually at high density rather than in rows.
What villages of the Cote Chalonnaise are most highly regarded for red wine?
Givry and Mercurey
What must white wines from Blagny be labeled?
Meursault-Blagny or Puligny Montrachet
What other GC of Gevrey may be labeled “Chambertin GC”?
Clos de Beze (Chambertin may NOT in turn be labeled Clos de Beze)
In what villages does Charlemagne GC AOP fall?
Pernand-Vergelesses and Aloxe-Corton (not Ladoix Serigny)
Name 5 1er Crus of Chablis.
Montmains, Fourchaume, Montée de Tonnerre, Vaillons, Mont du Milieu
Where is Fonteny 1er Cru? Who owns a monopole within it, and what is it called?
Gevrey Chambertin; Bruno Clair; Clos du Fonteny
Where would you find the unofficial designations “Eminent” and “Grand Eminent”? What do they entail?
Cremant de Bourgogne AOP; extra lees time, grape specifications, press yields, minimum alcohol, and maximum RS.
1er cru: Fremiets
Volnay; Bouchard, D’Angerville
1er Cru: Clos des Perrieres
Meursault (within Les Perrieres); monopole of Albert Grivault
1er Cru: Vide Bourse
Chassagne; Bernard Morey, Thomas Morey, PYCM, Marc Colin
Name five producers of Corton.
Prince de Merode, Louis Latour, Louis Jadot, Faively, Tollot-Beaut, Chandon de Briailes, De Montille, Meo-Camuzet, Comte Senard,
Clos de Tart is a monopole of who? What is the village and designation?
Mommessin; Grand Cru, Morey-St-Denis
When does harvest typically occur in the Côte d’Or?
The last week of September/fist week of October
1er cru: Clos de la Bousse d’Or
Volnay; monopole, Dom. de la Pousse d’Or
1er cru: Taille Pieds
Volnay; Ballot-Millot, Roblet-Monnot, de Montille
What does “Caillerets” translate to?
Pebbles of the king
1er Cru: Clos Arlot
NSG/PP; Domaine de l’Arlot, monopole
Who makes “Cuvee Christianne” and where from?
De Montille, from 1er cru Aux Malconsorts in Vosne Romanee – the parcel that crosses the road and lies in the bosom of La Tache, in the SE corner of La Tache
What is the min. alcohol for Viré-Clessé with and without a vineyard designation?
11.5/12
Who makes Cuvee de l’Abeille and what is it?
Domaine Ponsot; from a .5 ha plot in the villages climat Les Epointures, just south of Clos Prieur in Gevrey Chambertin. 43 year old vines. First made in 1989.
What 1er cru of Chambolle is adjacent to Musigny’s northern border?
Les Borniques
Name the three climats that Clos des Lambrays is divided into and where they are.
Clos des Lambrays or Les Larrets (central), Meix Rentier (SE corner), Les Bouchots (northern part)
Who produces the monopole Clos des Epeneaux, where and what designation?
Comte Armand, 1er Cru, Pommard
Name three 1er crus of Savigny-lés-Beaune
Les Marconnets, Les Jarrons, Les Narbantons, Aux Vergelesses, Aux Guettes, Les Fourneaux, Lavieres
What 1er crus have portions that were incorporated into Clos de la Roche
Monts Luisants, Genavrieres, Les Chaffots
Who is Guy Accad?
A Lebanese onologist in Burgundy; a proponent of extreme cold maceration. 15-20 days.
1er cru: Les Boucherottes
Pommard; monopole of Coste Caumartin
1er Cru: Aux Combottes
Gevrey Chambertin
Approximately how long is the Cote d’Or?
31 miles
What village’s wines were notoriously light in color prior to the 1800s because of the intermixed plantings of Pinot Gris?
Volnay
What rare style of wine does 1er Cru Les Monts Luisants make in Morey-St-Denis?
White wine from Chardonnay blended with a white mutation of Pinot Noir (Ponsot’s Monts Luisants is 100% Aligote)
What 1er cru is adjacent to the northern border of Bienvenues-Batard-Montrachet and Batard-Montrachet?
Les Pucelles
Why does the INAO document for Viré-Clessé specify “vins blancs sec”?
To exclude the late-harvest wines that were traditional in Clessé and made famous by Jean Thevenet.
How is the Morey side of Bonnes Mares different than the Chambolle side and what is the resultant wine?
The Morey side has more limestone – a harder, firmer, yet lighter wine.
What 1er cru is within Les Petits Vougeots?
Clos de la Perriere, a monopole of Bertagna for red wine only
What 1er crus lies in between Echezeaux and Romanee St Vivant?
Les Suchots
What is the furthest south Grand Cru of the Côte de Nuits?
La Tâche
1er cru: Aux Brûlées
Vosne Romanee; Jayer, Leroy, Jean Grivot, Rene Engel
1er Cru: Les Marechaudes
Aloxe-Corton (partially GC)
Name the 7 Grand Crus of Chablis, plus 3 1er Crus.
Bougros, Les Preuses, Vaudesir, Grenouilles, Valmur, Les Clos, Blanchots. 1ers: Fourchaume, Montmains, Mont de Milleu, La Forest, Sechet, Vaillons, Montée de Tonnerre
Which two grand crus are shared by Puligny Montrachet and Chassagne Montrachet? Which are not?
Shared: Le Montrachet and Batard Montrachet. Just Puligny: Bienvenues-Batard-Montrachet & Chevalier Montrachet. Just Chassagne: Criots-Batard-Montrachet
What are the 6 generic appellations of Burgundy?
Bourgogne AOP Bourgogne Aligote AOP Bourgogne Passetoutgrains AOP Coteaux Bourguinons AOP Cremant de Bourgogne AOP Bourgogne Mousseaux AOP
1er cru: Poruzot/Porusot
Meursault; Lafon, Jobard, Roulot
1er Cru: Les Perrieres
Puligny; Boillot, Carillon, Sauzet
What is the only 1er cru of Chablis to touch a GC vineyard, and what is a it a sub of?
Vaulorent, the southernmost sub 1er of Fourchaume, is adjacent to the northern border of Les Preuses.
Name three producers of Charmes Chambertin.
Dugat, Dugat-Py, Dujac, Jacky Truchot, Drouhin, Jadot
Name five producers of Mâcon Villages?
Les Heritieres du Comte Lafon, Olivier Merlin, Jean Rijckaert, Verget, Guillot-Broux, Dom. Fichet
How many Grand Cru AOCs are in Bourgogne? How many are in Côte D’Or? How many Grand Cru AOCs are in Chablis?
33 total. 32 in Côte D’OR, 1 in Chablis.
Chablis has 7 GC, but unlike Cote D’Or, all of the 7 GC in Chablis are considered climats of the Chablis Grand Cru AOC
Name two producers who make wine that they label Mazoyeres (instead of Charmes).
Bernard Dugat-Py makes both a Charmes and a Mazoyeres. Camus makes Mazoyeres. Roumier.
What GC is sandwiched between Romanee-Conti and La Tache?
La Grand Rue
What two 1er crus of NSG are contiguous with Vosne Romanee?
Les Damodes and Aux Boudots
Name three producers of Savigny-les-Beaune.
Simon Bize, Bruno Clair, Chandon de Briailles, Hospices de Beaune, Jean Marc Pavelot
What style of wine can be made under the Mâcon-Villages AOP?
Dry white wines from 41 demarcated villages
What village that can sell its wine as Cotes de Nuits Villages is also its own AOP (partially)?
Fixin
Name five 1er Crus of Gevrey-Chambertin
Combottes, Clos-St-Jacques, Varoilles, Les Cazetiers, Combe au Moine
1er cru: Les Goulots
Gevrey Chambertin; Fourrier
Who makes wine under the label “Chateau Corton Grancey”?
Louis Latour
In what year were 8 additional 1er crus elevated in Chablis?
1978
What conditions allow oidium to develop? Name three bad vintages for oidium in the 90s/00s in Burgundy?
Dry, windy weather with significant diurnal variation. 1998, 2004, 2008.
What is the smallest GC of Gevrey? Largest?
Smallest is Griotte, largest is Charmes Chambertin (including Mazoyeres)
What wines does DRC make?
Echézeaux, Grands Echézeaux, Romanée-Saint-Vivant, Richebourg, La Tâche, Romanée Conti, Duvault-Blochet 1er Cru, and Montrachet
1er Cru: Clos de la Maréchale
NSG/PP; monopole of JF Mugnier
Who owns a dominant portion of Puligny Montrachet 1er cru Le Cailleret, and makes a red wine from it?
Chartron
What 1er cru is effectively a northern extension of the GC slope of Chablis?
Fourchaume
What is the furthest south Grand Cru of the Côte d’Or?
Criots-Batard Montrachet
What are the white wine only appellations of the Cote Chalonnaise? Red wine only? Red and white?
White wine only – Montagny & Bouzeron
Red wine only – NONE!
White and Red wine – Givry (red dominated), Mercurey (red dominated), Rully (white dominated)
What is Cuvee Paul Chanson?
Hospices de Beaune white Corton
Where is Clos de Épenaux and what is its designation? Who is it a monopole of?
1er cru in Pommard; Comte Armand
What is the largest Grand Cru of Chablis?
Les Clos (27 ha)
Name three producers of Les Amoureuses.
Groffier, Mugnier, Roumier
1er Cru: Les Cazetiers
Gevrey Chambertin; Bruno Clair, Armand Rousseau
Name three producers of Clos de la Roche.
Dujac, Jacky Truchot, Hubert Lignier, Drouhin, Ponsot
Where is the monopole Clos des Ursules and who owns it?
Within the 1er cru Les Vignes Franches in Beaune, a monopole of Jadot
1er cru: Les Grands Epenots/Petite Epenots
Pommard; Dom. de Courcel, Monnier, de Montille
1er cru: Les Beaux Monts
Vosne Romanee; Grivot, Perrot-Minot, Hudelot Noëllat
Name three producers of Chambertin GC?
Esmonin, Dugat-Py, Dujac, Leroy, Denis Mortet, Rousseau
1er Cru: Les Gruenchers
Chambolle; Dujac, Fourrier, David Duband
How would you describe the difference between Clos des Ducs and Champans.
Champans lies lower, has less severe drainage, and makes a richer wine. Clos des Ducs perhaps has greater finesse and elegance – high up on slope with chalky subsoil.
Name five subzones of Bourgogne AOP.
Chitry, Côtes d’Auxerre, Côte d’Or, Côte Chalonnaise, Côte Saint-Jacques, Coulanges-la-Vineuse, Hautes Côtes de Beaune, Hautes Côtes de Nuits, La Chapelle Notre-Dame, Le Chapitre, Montrecul, Côtes du Couchois, Epineuil, Tonnerre
Name three producers of Richebourg besides DRC.
Anne Gros, Mongeard-Mugneret, Hudelot-Noellat, Jean Gros
Name three of the five owners of Clos Saint Jacques.
Bruno Clair, Armand Rousseau, Esmonin, Fourrier, Jadot
What are the two bottlings of Les Clos that Moreau makes and what is the difference?
They make a “Les Clos” and a “Clos des Hospices”. The Clos des Hospices comes from a plot purchased from the Hospices de Chablis in 1904 at the foot of the slope – richer topsoil, fatter wine. The vines here run the opposite way than the rest of the vineyard.
What is an oolite?
A pellet of calcium carbonate
Name two villages that can count “Le Clos Blanc” as a 1er cru.
Pommard, Vougeot
1er Cru: Les Chaffots
Morey; Hubert Lignier
What were the three worst years for hail in the 1990s and 2000s in Burgundy?
1998, 2001, and 2004
Surrounding Chablis, name two other regional AOCs
Grand Auxerrois AOC (surrounding Chablis) Chatillonais AOC (southeast of Chablis)
What conditions promotes the development/growth of downey mildew? Name two vintages of the 90s/00s in Burgundy that had bad mildew.
Warm, humid weather. 2003, 2008 (2008 had both oidium and mildew – rare, but possible)
1er Cru: La Maltroie
Chassagne; Niellon
Who is the largest landholder in Corton?
Louis Latour, with 42 acres
Where is the monopole Clos des Porret and who is it a monopole of?
It is within the 1er cru Les Poirets in the southern portion of NSG. Monopole of Henri Gouges.
1er Cru: Les Vergers
Chassagne; Ramonet, Fontaine Gagnard
What styles of wine can be made in NSG villages and 1er cru?
Both can make dry red and white.
Name three 1ers of Chassagne found frequently for rouge.
Morgeot, Clos St Jean, Clos de la Boudriotte
1er cru: Lavieres
Savigny-les-Beaune; Chandon de Briailles
Clos de la Rougeotte is considered a part of 1er cru Le Village as well as what other 1er cru of Volnay?
Les Fremiets
Which GC does La Chablisienne NOT make?
Les Preuses
What appellations of the Cote Chalonnaise have 1er crus?
Montagny, Rully, Mercurey, and Givry (all except the generic appellations and Bouzeron)
What is the term in Burgundy for what is thought one man can plow in one day WITH a horse?
Journal; eight ouvrées, approx. 1/3 hectare
True or False: The appellation Volnay-Santenots is exclusively 1er cru.
True
What department is Chablis in? What other villages are in that department?
Yonne; Irancy, Auxerre, St. Bris
Who are the three largest landowners of Les Clos?
William Fevre, Louis Moreau, Christian Moreau
Name two distinguishing factors of the terroir of Corton Charlemagne.
Almost free-standing hill, 280 degrees of vineyards, and many different aspects; also a variety of soil types, from almost pure chalk to iron rich red clay.
What style of wine may wines labeled Chambolle Musigny AOP be?
Dry red wine.
What department are the Côte Chalonnaise and Mâconnais in?
Saône-et-Loire
Where is the dominant portion of La Moutonne?
Vaudesir (2.24 ha), only .11 ha in Les Preuses
What is métayage and fermage, and how do they relate to the history of Burgundy?
métayage – sharecropping
fermage – leasing
After the Napoleonic code went into effect, a lot of the viticulture of Burgundy was conducted among contracts between growers and negociants. Very few estate bottlings.
In what three appellations in Burgundy (outside of any Beaujolais appellations) would you find significant amounts of Gamay?
- Bourgogne Passetoutgrains (min. 15% Gamay)
- Coteaux Bourguignons (formerly Bourgogne Grand Ordinaire – est. 2011)
- Bourgogne Rouge (cru Beaujolais is allowed to be declassified to Bourgogne Rouge, though Gamay may not be more than 30% of the blend – varietally labeled Gamay is permitted)
1er cru: Les Fremiers
Pommard; Boillot, de Courcel
1er Cru: Les Poirets
S. NSG; Faively, Henri Gouges
1er cru: Les Pezerolles
Pommard; de Montille, Jadot, Ballot-Millot
What would the arguments be to NOT include Beaujolais when talking about Burgundy.
The area looks to Lyons rather than Dijon or Beaune; entirely different grape; entirely different geological make-up, with acidic soils of granite and red sandstone rather than the clay-limestone of Burgundy; part of the Rhone department
What two 1er crus line the western border of Richebourg?
Cros Parantoux and Les Petits Monts
Define coulure and at what stage in the life cycle it affects a grape vine.
Embryo grapes abort at flowering stage
What is the only vineyard in Morey St Denis for which Aligote is authorized?
Monts Luisants
What is the largest (and most variable) 1er cru of Meursault?
Les Charmes
1er Cru: Clos des Forêts
NSG/PP; L’Arlot
What is the smallest AOP in all of France?
Le Romanée, .85 ha (Grand Cru of Vosne-Romanée, monopole of Liger-Belair)
Name three 1er crus of the zone Vosnoise (northern section) of NSG.
Aux Thorey, Aux Chaignots, Aux Boudots, Les Damodes
Who owns Long-Depaquit?
Albert Bichot
In what vineyard does Henri Gouges make his “Pinot Gouges” white mutation of Pinot Noir?
The 1er cru Les Perrieres in NSG
1er Cru: Les Borniques
Chambolle
Name three producers of Clos de Beze?
Bruno Clair, Drouhin-Laroze, Esmonin, Rousseau, Jadot, Faively
Who makes the most expensive Bourgogne blanc on the market?
Comte de Vogue
1er cru: Aux Serpentieres
Savigny-les-Beaune
1er cru: Lavaux
Gevrey Chambertin; Drouhin-Laroze, Claude Dugat, Dugat-Py, Esmonin
With what vintage did the issue of premature oxidation emerge on a wide scale? What are contributing factors or premature oxidation?
1996;
- Global warming
- Need to make wines accessible when they are young
- Reductive winemaking – lack of exposure to oxygen early on in winemaking process
- Removal of solids too aggressively (debourbage) which may protect the wines from oxidation
- Low sulfur levels at bottling
Name five producers of 1er cru Pommard.
De Montille, Jadot, De Courcel, Comte Armand, Boillot, Pousse d’Or
1er Cru: Aux Bousselots
N. NSG; Chevillon
Name three producers of Mazi-Chambertin?
Esmonin, Leroy, Joseph Roty, Dugat-Py
How many sub 1er crus of Vaillons are there? Name three.
Seven; Les Lys, Beugnons, Chatains, Sécher, Roncières, Mélinots/Minos, Epinottes
Approximately how much of the Corton GC AOP is planted to white grapes?
3.7 ha vs. 93.9 planted to red
What commune separates Fixin from Gevrey Chambertin?
Brochon
1er Cru: Issart
Gevrey Chambertin; monopole of Faively since 02
1er cru: Les Boucheres
Meursault
Name three producers of Clos St Denis.
Dujac, Drouhin, Ponsot
What are the 5 most significant 1er crus of Chablis.
Fourchaume, Vaillons, Montee de Tonnerre, Mont de Milieu, and Montmains.
What are the 2 grand crus of Burgundy that can be either red or white?
Le Musigny & Corton
What GC barely touches the base of the slope, forming a wedge between Grenouilles and Les Clos?
Valmur
What are the communes of Gevrey Chambertin?
Gevrey-Chambertin and Brochon
1er Cru: Les Feusselottes
Chambolle; Nöellat, Mugneret-Gibourg
Name three producers of Pouilly-Fuissé.
Chateau de Beauregard, Bret Brothers, Dominique Cornin, Domaine Cordier, Chateau de Fuissé
What is the largest village in the Côte d’Or with the most grand crus?
Gevrey-Chambertin
Who is the largest land-owner in Grands Echezeaux?
DRC
1er Cru: Les Baudes
Chambolle; Jadot, Ghislaine Barthod, Drouhin, Hubert Lignier
What AOPs in the Macon are eligible to release red wine?
Mâcon and Mâcon plus a village name (NOT Mâcon-Villages, which is white wine only)
What climats are entitled to use the name “Charlemagne” (though may not append)?
Le Charlemagne, En Charlemagne, Les Pougets, Les Languettes, and Le Corton
Who controls over 25% of Chablis’ total production?
The cooperative La Chablisienne, with over 300 growers.
Give a brief description of how La Tache was assembled?
In 1932 DRC petitioned for their portion of Les Gaudichots 1er cru to be able to label itself La Tache. They were successful, then soon after bought the rest of La Tache from Liger Belair to create a monopole
What is the most famous style of wine from Marsannay, and what can it be labeled as? What domaine can be credited with starting this style?
Marsannay is known for Rosé, and may be labeled as Marsannay AOC or Bourgogne-Marsannay.
Domaine Clair Dau started the rosé style in 1919.
What is rendement de base and what exactly does it translate to?
“Basic Performance” – max. yields
Compare Meursault “Perrieres” with Meursault “Charmes”.
Perrieres has a pronounced minerality combined with a strong fruitiness; a bolder, more forceful wine when compared with Charmes.
What are Flagey-Echezeaux’s village wines released as?
Vosne-Romanee
1er Cru: Les Amoureuses
Chambolle Musigny; Groffier, Mugnier, Roumier, Berthau, Drouhin
What is the typical cuvasion time for Pinot in Burgundy? What is the typical fermentation length?
Fermentation: 8-15 days
Cuvasion (skin contact): 15-20 days
Name five1er crus of Pommard.
Les Rugiens-Bas, Les Rugiens-Haut, Les Grands-Épenots, Les Petits-Épenots, Clos de Épenaux, Les Fremiers, Les Jarolieres, Les Pezerolles
When was Viré-Clessé granted appellation status and how did it come about?
Viré, north of Clessé, was always well regarded for its white wines, but it turned down appellation status in 1937 for fear of paying higher taxes. It applied in 1963 with 120 ha – too small. Again in 1973 with 1170 hectares – too big. It applied again in 1988, with a further request by Clessé in 1991. The INAO deemed the villages similar enough to be grouped together as an appellation, but was not granted until 1999.
Who created Clos de Vougeot and when?
Cistercian monks; it hasn’t changed since 1336
Where would you find the climat Les Demoiselles and who owns it?
Within 1er cru Le Cailleret in Puligny, as well as within Chevalier Montrachet. The 1er cru portion is owned by Guy Amiot, Michel Colin-Deleger, and Maison Michel Picard. The GC portion is made by Louis Latour and Jadot.
What are the GC yields of Gevrey? When did they change and from what?
42 hl/ha, from 35 hl/ha before 2011
Who is the largest landowner of Chablis Grand Cru Bougros?
William Fevre
What is the largest Grand Cru of Gevrey-Chambertin?
Charmes-Chambertin, at 30.83 ha (combined total with Mazoyéres Chambertin)
Of the five contiguous appellations of the Mâcon, which is the one that is separated from the rest?
Viré-Clessé is north of the clump that holds St-Véran, Pouilly-Fuissé, Pouilly-Vinzelles, and Pouilly-Loché
In what AOC category does Bourgogne 1er Cru fall into?
Village AOC
1er Cru: Les Folatieres
Puligny; PYCM, Leflaive
What are generally thought of as the three best 1er crus of NSG? Where in NSG are they?
Les Saint-Georges, Les Cailles, Les Vaucrains – in the southern portion of NSG
Name three 1er crus in Meursault.
Clos des Perrieres, Charmes, Genevrieres, Goutte d’Or, Les Poruzots
Name 5 producers of Vaudesir
Long-Depaquit, William Fevre, Louis Michel, La Chablisienne, Louis Moreau, Billaud-Simon
Name five producers of Les Clos.
Raveneau, Vincent Dauvissat, Fevre, Moreau, Louis Michel, etc.
What village is sandwiched between Volnay, Meursault, and Auxey-Duresses?
Monthelie
Name five 1er crus of Chassagne-Montrachet.
Les Chevenottes, Caillerets, Vergers, Morgeot, Grands Ruchottes
What are the 7 1er crus of Volnay that make up “Le Village”? Name any monopoles. Why are they called “Le Village”?
7 climats that surround the town of Volnay itself:
- Clos de Rougeotte – Bouchard monopole
- Clos du Chateau des Ducs – Michel Lafarge monopole
- Clos de l’Audignac – Pousse d’Or monopole
- Clos de la Cave des Ducs – Benjamin Leroux monopole
- Clos de la Chapelle – Champy-Dom. Clos de la Chapelle monopole
- Clos de la Bousse d’Or (partially) – monopole Dom. de la Pousse d’Or
- Le Village
1er Cru: Les Chenevottes
Chassagne; Phillipe Colin, Henri Boillot, PYCM
What GC lies directly east of Chambertin?
Charmes-Chambertin
Who owns the monopole lieu-dit Clos des Citeaux and where is it?
Jean Monnier, within Pommard 1er cru Les Grands Epenots
What other village is entitled to sell all its wines as Vosne Romanee?
Flagey-Echezeaux
What is the furtherst northwest of Gevrey’s GCs?
Ruchottes Chambertin
1er Cru: Les Ruchots
Morey; Arlaud, Magnien, Jacky Truchot, Dujac
What styles of wine are made in Chassagne-Montrachet villages and 1er cru?
Dry red and white wine for both.
1er cru: Les Genevrieres
Meursault; Boisson-Vadot, Maison l’Orlee, Ballot-Millot, PYCM, Antoine Jobard
What appellation replaced Bourgogne Grand Ordinaire in 2011?
Coteaux Bourguinons
1er Cru: Clavaillon/Clavoillon
Puligny; Leflaive (Chavy is the other owner)
What training methods are allowed in Chablis?
Guyot (single and double), Cordon de Royat, Taille Chablis
Name three 1er crus in Meursault.
Genevriers, Clos des Perrieres, Charmes, Goutte d’Or, Les Poruzots
All over France inheritance laws must follow the Napoleonic code. Why is the fragmentation of vineyards so much more of an issue in Burgundy than elsewhere?
- Because of the nature of the vineyards – rather than owning a 4 ha parcel in one vineyard, most growers will have small pieces in a bunch of different vineyards, which are further divided on inheritance.
- Familial/aristocratic tradition rather than mercantile – in Bordeaux, for example, the ownership structure is in the form of a company, where shares are inherited, not land.
What separates the two non-contiguous parts of St-Véran?
Pouilly-Fuissé
Name 5 1er Cru of Vosne-Romanee
Aux Malconsorts, Les Chaumes, Clos de Réas (monopole of Gros), Les Suchots, Les Beaux Monts.
What style of wine can be made in Vougeot Villages and Vougeot 1er Cru?
Dry red and white are allowed for both.
Describe the character of Les Preuses and why.
Flesh without heaviness – deeper topsoil than any of the other GCs, but with a fractured rock formation that provides good drainage.
When would you find bottlings from La Romanee from Bouchard?
Liger-Belair has owned La Romanee since the early 1800s, but in the early 1990s-2001, they allowed others to manage the vineyards and make the wines. From 2002-2005, both Bouchard and L-B released La Romanees, but from 2006 forward it will just be Liger-Belair
Les Clos Blanc is a monopole of what producer? What village and designation?
Domaine de la Vougeraie, 1er Cru, Vougeot
1er Cru: Roncière
S. NSG; Chevillon, Drouhin
1er cru: Les Angles
Volnay; Boillot, Rossignol
1er cru: Les Jarolieres
Pommard; Boillot, Pousse d’Or
Clos de Réas is a monopole of what producer? What village and designation?
Michel Gros, 1er Cru, Vosne-Romanée
Where is Les Gemeaux?
It is a 1.79 ha climat within Chapelle Chambertin
Compare in style the two foremost 1er crus of Pommard.
Epenots, in the north, close to Beaune, is a little silkier and more early-maturing than Rugiens, which lies to the south, close to Volnay.
Name the 10 crus of Beaujolais, north to south.
St. Amour Julienas Chenas Moulin-a-Vent Fleurie Chiroubles Morgon Regnie Brouilly Cote de Brouilly
What Grand Cru lies adjacent to Cros Parantoux and where?
Richebourg, on its east border
1er Cru: Les Chaumées
Chassagne; Jean-Noel Gagnard
Name five 1er crus in Volnay
Taille Pieds, Les Caillerets, Clos des Chênes, Clos des Ducs, Champans, Fremiets, Les Mitans, Bousse d’Or
What 1er cru of Aloxe Corton extends into Corton GC and is cut in half by the border between Aloxe Corton and Ladoix-Serrigny?
Les Marechaudes
Compare and contrast the styles of Valmur and Vaudesir.
Both are enclosed valleys with very little air circulation, leading to very warm summers and very cold winters – big wines. Vaudesir, however, has more limestone, less clay, making for a little more elegant, aromatic wine with less heft than Valmur.
Name the 6 grand crus of Vosne Romanee
Richebourg, La Romanee, Romanee-Conti, Romanee-St-Vivant, La Grand Rue, La Tache
1er Cru: Les Referts
Puligny; Arnaud Ente, Carillon
What is an ouvree?
428 m2. A measurement used in Burgundy. Thought to be the amount of land that one winegrower can hoe in one day.
How many 1er crus of Gevrey Chambertin are there?
26
What is the minimum alcohol for village Meursault and 1er cru?
11/11.5% blanc
10.5/11% rouge
Why might Sauvignon Blanc be planted in St. Bris instead of Chardonnay?
Chardonnay is more prone to frost, which it would incur on the north/northwest facing slopes of St. Bris, even though the Yonne valley is in general warmer than the Serein valley.
1er Cru: Champonnet
Gevrey Chambertin; Boillot, Esmonin
What two Chablis Grand Crus were added in 1938, after the original classification in 1935?
Bougros and Preuses (two northernmost)
1er cru: Les Mitans
Volnay; de Montille
What 1er cru lies directly north of Volnay Caillerets, and which is considered superior?
Clos des Chenes – considered to be a little too high elevation to achieve the best wines (300 m), Caillerets is at the 250 m “sweet spot”
What climat of Corton is nearly a monopole of Louis Latour?
La Vigne au Saint
Name five producers of Bonnes Mares GC.
Louis Jadot, Joseph Drouhin, Dujac, Robert Groffier, Georges Roumier, Comte de Vogüé, de la Vougeraie, Lignier, Mugnier
1er Cru: Les Pruliers
S. NSG; Chevillon, Henri Gouges
What are the 4 1er crus of Vougeot?
Les Clos Blanc, Clos de la Perriere, Le Petits Vougeots, Les Crâs
What are the six climats that Volnay-Santenots is divided into?
Les Plures/Les Petures Les Santenots Blancs Les Santenots de Milieu - Clos des Santenots - Santenots Dessous Les Vignes Blanches
What is the southernmost 1er cru that can be labeled NSG?
Clos de la Maréchale in Prémeaux-Prissey
1er Cru: Les Charmes
Meursault; PYCM, Lafon, Matrot, Roulot
Name three producers of Savigny-lés-Beaune.
Simon Bize, Jean-Marc Pavelot, Bruno Clair, Chandon de Briailles
What is the largest Grand Cru in the Cote de Nuits?
Clos de Vougeot
Echezeaux is composed of 11 climats. Name three.
Les Treux, Clos-Saint-Denis, Les Cruots ou Vignes Blanches, Les Loachausses (Anne Gros makes a bottling of just this), Echezeaux du Dessus, Les Rouges du Bas, Les Beaux Monts Bas, Les Champs Traversins, Les Pouailleres, En Orveaux, Les Quartiers de Nuits
Where do the 1er crus of Vougeot lie in relation to Clos de Vougeot?
On the northern border.
Name five producers of Les Preuses.
La Chablisienne, William Fevre, Vincent Dauvissat, Long-Depaquit, Billaud-Simon
Name three producers of Valmur.
Fevre, Moreau, Raveneau
What may red wine produced in Blagny be released as? White?
Blagny only; Meursault, Meursault-Blagny, or Puligny Montrachet
What village has the most 1er crus?
Nuits-Saint-George (including Primeaux-Prissey)
Who is Clos de Ducs a monopole of? Where is it located and what is its designation?
Marquis d’Angerville; 1er cru in Volnay
What are the two Grand Crus of Burgundy that can be either red or white?
Le Musigny and Corton.
What is provignage?
A type of vineyard “layering” that was universal in Burgundy prior to the late 1800s. A long shoot from a vine was replanted to form its own roots and form a grapevine, ad nauseum. Perpetuated different strains in the same vineyard. Phylloxera – root grafting – put an end to this.
Who makes the monopoles Romanée Conti and La Tâche? What village/designation?
Domaine de la Romanée Conti; grand crus, Vosne-Romanée
Describe the style of Bougros and why.
Lower on the slope, richer soils, fatter wines. NW bookend of the GC slope. Less minerality in general, though wines from the upper portion (like Fevre’s Cote de Bougerots) have more finesse and minerality.
Where do you find the best Corton rouge, and why?
The best Corton rouge tends to come mid-slope, from climats like Clos du Roi and Bressandes. The top of the slope can make wines that are a little too lean and light, while less severe drainage and aspect make for a beat heartier wine mid-sloope.
What is piquette?
A beverage drank by vineyard workers in Burgundy – marc + sugar + water (cellar workers were careful to not press to much from the marc to preserve some flavor!)
Name three producers of Romanee Saint Vivant besides DRC.
Dujac, L’Arlot, Hudelot-Noellat, Sylvain Cathiard, Drouhin, Louis Latour
Where is Milly-Lamartine?
A village of Mâcon-Villages
Name five 1er crus of Puligny.
Les Pucelles, Le Cailleret, Clavoillon, Les Referts, Champ Gain, Les Folatieres, La Truffiere
What 1er cru of Morey had a portion of it absorbed into Clos St Denis in 1936 and another portion absorbed into Clos de la Roche in 1971?
Les Chaffots
Name the two authorities who predicated the Burgundy classification and in what years.
Dr. Jules Lavalle in 1855 and Camille Rodier in 1920
How many acres is Clos de la Roche? How many was it originally? (And who owns 75% of this original parcel?) What climats did it incorporate and when to become the size it is today?
Originally 4 ha, 75% of which is owned by Ponsot. Expanded to 16 ha between 1936 and 1971 by incorporating neighboring lieux dits of Les Mochamps, Les Friochots, Les Fremieres, Les Chabiots, and portions of the 1er crus Les Genavrieres, Monts Luisants, and Les Chaffots
Define millerandage. At what stage does poor weather cause it?
Berries not developing in size, giving little juice and a high skin to flesh ratio. Side effect of poor weather during flowering.
1er cru: Cros Parantoux
Vosne Romanee; Meo-Camuzet and Emmanuel Rouget are the two current owners (made famous by Henri Jayer)
Where is Clos des Mouches a 1er cru and on the border of what village does it lie? Who famously makes white wine from this site?
It is a 1er cru in Beaune, on the border of Pommard. Drouhin famously makes white Clos des Mouches.
1er Cru: Combe au Moine
Gevrey Chambertin; Fourrier, Rene Leclerc
What is the smallest AOP in all of France?
La Romanée (.85 ha)
Grand Cru in Vosne-Romanée (monopole of Liger-Belair)
What was considered “the last ungrafted patch” of Burgundy and when did it finally succumb to phylloxera? When was the first vintage of its newly grafted vines?
Romanée-Conti; 1945/1953
What styles of wine can be made in Savigny-lés-Beaune?
Dry white and red; both 1er cru and villages
When did Gamay plantings dominate in the Côte d’Or? What gave rise to them, and what caused them to dissipate?
Gamay plantings became prolific in the Côte d’Or after the plague of 1349. Gamay yields much more than PN and is more disease resistant. In 1395, Duke Philip the Hardy called for all Gamay vines to be ripped up.
What are the yields for Chablis, Chablis 1er cru, and Chablis GC?
Chablis – 60 hl/ha
Chablis 1er cru – 58 hl/ha
Chablis Grand Cru – 54 hl/ha
What river marks the southern edge of the Cote Chalonnaise?
The Dheune
1er Cru: Les Saints Georges
S. NSG; Chevillon, Gouges
What are the two climats of the Vosne Romanee 1er cru Aux Brulees?
Aux Brulees and La Combe Brulee (in the north western corner)
What other Grand Cru of Gevrey-Chambertin may label their wines as “Charmes-Chambertin”?
Mazoyères-Chambertin
1er Cru: Les Argillieres
NSG/PP; Rion
Describe the soil of Chablis.
Portlandian and Kimmeridgian limestone
What is the coolest GC of Gevrey, and what borders it on each side.
Latricieres; N – Chambertin GC, E – Mazoyeres GC, S – Aux Combottes 1er Cru, W – hills
How many Grand Crus are in the Cote de Nuits? The Cote de Beaune?
CdN: 24
CdB: 8
1er cru: Les Poutures
Pommard; monopole of Drouhin
What commune, until 1989, was eligible to label any of its wines 1er cru as long as the wines achieved a natural alcohol of 11.5%? Why did this come about, and what are the repercussions to this day?
Montagny in the Cote Chalonnaise (other communes in the village Montagny were not eligible). Essentially elevating the whole commune to 1er cru was a device to protect against the occupying forces. To this day, 255 of Montagny’s 440 ha are classified as 1er cru.
Who produces the monopole Clos de la Perriere, and where is it?
Bertagna; Clos de la Perriere is a climat in Petits Vougeot.
Where is Bourgogne-Cote du Couchois and what styles of wine are made here?
Bourgogne-Cotes de Couchois covers six communes just south of the Côte d’Or, a little NW of Mercurey, so gets lumped in with Cote Chalonnaise. Red wine from PN only.
Name the three communal appellations that rest on the hill of Corton.
Aloxe-Corton, Ladoix-Serrigny, Pernand-Vergelesses
Stylistically, describe the difference between Left Bank 1er cru Chablis and Right Bank 1er cru Chablis.
Left Bank (Vaillons and Montmains): south-east facing hills, more minerality, white flowers, tarter fruit character Right Bank (Fourchaume, Montee de Tonnerre, Mont de Milieu): riper, more exotic fruit
What is the traditional barrel of the Côte d’Or called, and how much does it hold?
Pièce; 228 L
What towns bookend the Cote de Nuits?
Dijon in the north to Corgoloin in the south
What are the two communes of production for Blagny AOP?
Meursault and Puligny Montrachet
What is considered the best climat of Santenots for red wine, and who famously bottles it? What two 1er crus of Volnay does it touch?
Santenots-du-Milieu; Comte Lafon; Cailleret Dessus and En Chevret
What is unofficially considered the eighth Grand Cru of Chablis?
La Moutonne, a monopole of Long-Depaquit
1er Cru: Les Faconnieres
Morey; Mugnier
1er Cru: Les Vaucrains
S. NSG; Chevillon, Gouges
1er Cru: Les Petits Monts
Vosne Romanee; Drouhin, Mongeard-Mugneret
Why is it rare to see the name of a lieu-dit on a bottle of Chablis villages?
It is illegal unless the harvest from that particular lieu-dit was declared separately, which is rarely done. Alice & Olivier de Moor are exceptions, bottling several Chablis villages lieu-dits
Six geographical designations from the Auxerrois can be appended to Bourgogne AOP. Name three. Where are the other four geographical subdivisions? Which of these are allowed to appear as “Bourgogne” on a label in the same sized script, rather than half the size?
Vézelay, Côte d’Auxerre, Chitry, Coulanges-la-Vineuse, Epineuil, Tonnerre
Two in the Hautes-Cotes: Hautes-Cotes de Nuits and Hautes-Cotes de Beaune
Two in the Cote Chalonnaise: Cote Chalonnaise and Cotes du Couchois
Also, since 2017, Côte d’Or subzone.
Hautes Cotes de Beaune or Nuits, and Cotes de Couchois may appear as the same size.
Name five 1er crus of Chablis.
Montmais, Fourchaume, Montée de Tonnerre, Vaillons, Mont du Milieu
In what year did yield maximums across Burgundy universally get raised?
2011
Describe the style of Blanchots and why.
Far SE Grand Cru of Chablis, cooler site, sun setting earlier in the day. Finesse, not power.
What 1er cru of Volnay is the only to adjoin Monthelie?
Clos des Chenes
What is the largest and second largest GC sold under one name?
Clos de Vougeot and Echezeaux (Corton is sold under multiple names)
Where is Champ Chenys?
Champ-Chenys is a climat of Gevrey Chambertin; villages level but adjacent to Charmes (just east) and considered high quality
Why is villages level Gevrey often unreliable?
The appellation is huge, and 2/3 of it is villages level on the most swampy, industrial land of Burgundy.
What GCs does Griotte Chambertin touch?
Clos de Beze on the west, Chapelle on the north, and Charmes on the south
What climat of Corton is a monopole of Comte Senard?
Clos des Meix
List the GCs of Vosne-Romanee/Flagey from largest to smallest.
Echezeaux -- 37.69 ha Romanee-Saint-Vivant -- 9.44 ha Grands Echezeaux -- 9.14 ha Richebourg -- 8.03 La Tache -- 6.6 ha Romanee-Conti -- 1.81 ha La Grand Rue -- 1.65 ha La Romanee -- .85 ha
Name the 2 grand crus of Chambolle Musigny. List 3 1er crus.
GC: Bonnes Mares & Le Musigny
1er Crus: Les Cras, Les Charmes, Aux Beaux Bruns, Les Amoureuses, Les Fuées, Les Véroilles
1er Cru: La Romanée
Chassagne (La Grand Montagne); Chat. de Maltroye, Fontaine Gagnard
Who makes the monopole Les Poutures? What village/designation?
Louis Jadot; Pommard, 1er Cru
Name three producers of Grands Echezeaux.
Joseph Drouhin, Mongeard-Mugneret, DRC, Rene Engel
What is the world’s most expensive red wine?
DRC Romanee-Conti
Describe the style of Valmur and why.
The valley of Valmur is enclosed, creating a furnace in the summer and freezer in the winter– very little air flow. Wines are massive, monolithic. There is also more clay in the soil – less aroma, more heft.
What are the only Grand Crus of Burgundy to have been promoted to Grand Cru status after the original AOC classification in 1936? In what years?
Clos des Lambrays, 1981
La Grand Rue, 1992
Name five 1er crus of Beaune.
Clos de Mouches, Les Vignes Franches, Les Teurons, Les Greves, Les Marconnets
Where is Clos Prieur?
Clos Prieur is a climat in Gevrey Chambertin that is partially 1er cru, partially villages. Often released as villages, but very high quality.
1er cru: Les Caillerets
Volnay; Boillot, Rossignol, Marquis d’Angerville, Bouchard, Pousse d’Or
Who makes the monopole Les Verouilles? What village/designation?
Ghislaine Barthod, 1er Cru, Chambolle Musigny
What 1er cru of Vosne Romanee was mostly reclassified as La Tache GC in 1932?
Les Gaudichots
1er cru: Chanlins
Pommard; Champy-Dom. Clos de la Chapelle
How would you describe the difference in flavor profile between Meursault 1er crus Perrieres, Genevriere, and Charmes.
Perrieres is considered the greatest – the soils are the lightest and stoniest, therefore the wines are minerally and long-lived. Charmes are considered the fattest and richest, fragrant and young-drinking. Genevriere is somewhat of a cross between the two.
