Liver Disease

Question 1

What percentage of Hepatocytes is the liver

Answer 1

80%

Question 2

How many zones in the liver?

Answer 2

3

Question 3

What happens in zone 1?

Answer 3

• Oxidative metabolism
• Gluconeogenisis
• Urea synthesis
• Production and excretion of bile

Question 4

What happens in zone 3?

Answer 4

• Glycolysis

- Xonobiotic metabolism

Question 5

Whats catabolism of proteins?

Answer 5

Degradation of amino acids

Question 6

Protein anabolism?

Answer 6

• Albumin
• Lipoproteins
• Acute phase response proteins

Question 7

2 protease inhibitors

Answer 7

a1-Antitrypsin

a2-Macroglobulin

Question 8

Coagulation Proteins

Answer 8

• Fibrinogen
• Prothrombin
• Factor VII
• Plasaminogen

Question 9

Acute Phase Response Proteins

Answer 9

Protease inhibitors
Coag proteins
Complement proteins

Question 10

Billirubin metabolism and Excretion

Answer 10

UDP-glucose+ 2 NAD—>UDP-glucuronic acid

Question 11

3 storage functions

Answer 11

Glycogen
Iron
Vitamin Liposoluble

Question 12

Liver realted disease

Answer 12

Acute Hepatitis

Cirrohosis

Question 13

4 types of liver metabolism

Answer 13

Carbohydrate metabolism
Lipid metabolism
Protein metabolism
Hormone metabolism

Question 14

Standard liver function tests?

Answer 14

Alkaline phosphatases
Billirubin
Albumin

Question 15

2 types of aminotransferases

Answer 15

Asperate aminotransferase (ASP)
Alaninme aminotransferase (ALT)

Question 16

Normal values of asperate aminotransferases?

Answer 16

5-45 IU/L

Question 17

Why would the level of aminotransferase increase?

Answer 17

Infective agents
Autoimmune disorders
Toxins

Question 18

Normal values of Alkaline Phosphatase?

Answer 18

30-120 IU/L

Question 19

What does gamma glutanyl transferase test for?

Answer 19

Liver, with small amounts on heart, kidney, lungs, pancreas and seminal vesicles

Question 20

What are its normal values?

Answer 20

5-50 IU/L

very sensitive indicator to liver disease

Question 21

Billirubin normal values?

Answer 21

normal values lower than 20 mmol/L

higher than 50 indicates jaundice

Question 22

Albumin half life?

Answer 22

21 days

Question 23

Prothrombin time checks…

Answer 23

Plasma clotting activity

dependant on vitamin k

Question 24

Types of liver disease?

Answer 24

Acute and chronic hepatitis
Cirrohisis
Jaundice
tumors

Question 25

Whats acute hepatitis?

Answer 25

less than 6 months 
Usually virus
hep virus (A,B,C,D,E)
Epstan bar virus
Toxin

Question 26

Whats acute liver failure?

Answer 26

Severe liver dysfuction

Toxins and drugs

Question 27

Whats chronic hepatitis?

Answer 27

More than 6 months
caused by:
-Autoimmune disease
-Alcohol
Plasma aminotransferases usually elevated

Question 28

Cholestasis and jaundice?

Answer 28

Cholestasis is an obstruction of flow of bile
Jaundice due to unregualted hyperbilirubinaemia, usually mild
Ultrasound examination

Question 29

Hepatic tumours?

Answer 29

a-fetoprotein