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Clinical Biochemistry > Liver Disease > Flashcards

Liver Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What percentage of Hepatocytes is the liver

A

80%

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2
Q

How many zones in the liver?

A

3

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3
Q

What happens in zone 1?

A
  • Oxidative metabolism
  • Gluconeogenisis
  • Urea synthesis
  • Production and excretion of bile
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4
Q

What happens in zone 3?

A
  • Glycolysis

- Xonobiotic metabolism

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5
Q

Whats catabolism of proteins?

A

Degradation of amino acids

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6
Q

Protein anabolism?

A
  • Albumin
  • Lipoproteins
  • Acute phase response proteins
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7
Q

2 protease inhibitors

A

a1-Antitrypsin

a2-Macroglobulin

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8
Q

Coagulation Proteins

A
  • Fibrinogen
  • Prothrombin
  • Factor VII
  • Plasaminogen
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9
Q

Acute Phase Response Proteins

A

Protease inhibitors
Coag proteins
Complement proteins

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10
Q

Billirubin metabolism and Excretion

A

UDP-glucose+ 2 NAD—>UDP-glucuronic acid

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11
Q

3 storage functions

A

Glycogen
Iron
Vitamin Liposoluble

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12
Q

Liver realted disease

A

Acute Hepatitis

Cirrohosis

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13
Q

4 types of liver metabolism

A

Carbohydrate metabolism
Lipid metabolism
Protein metabolism
Hormone metabolism

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14
Q

Standard liver function tests?

A

Alkaline phosphatases
Billirubin
Albumin

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15
Q

2 types of aminotransferases

A 
Asperate aminotransferase (ASP)
Alaninme aminotransferase (ALT)
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16
Q

Normal values of asperate aminotransferases?

A

5-45 IU/L

17
Q

Why would the level of aminotransferase increase?

A

Infective agents
Autoimmune disorders
Toxins

18
Q

Normal values of Alkaline Phosphatase?

A

30-120 IU/L

19
Q

What does gamma glutanyl transferase test for?

A

Liver, with small amounts on heart, kidney, lungs, pancreas and seminal vesicles

20
Q

What are its normal values?

A

5-50 IU/L

very sensitive indicator to liver disease

21
Q

Billirubin normal values?

A

normal values lower than 20 mmol/L

higher than 50 indicates jaundice

22
Q

Albumin half life?

A

21 days

23
Q

Prothrombin time checks…

A

Plasma clotting activity

dependant on vitamin k

24
Q

Types of liver disease?

A

Acute and chronic hepatitis
Cirrohisis
Jaundice
tumors

25
Q

Whats acute hepatitis?

A 
less than 6 months 
Usually virus
hep virus (A,B,C,D,E)
Epstan bar virus
Toxin
26
Q

Whats acute liver failure?

A

Severe liver dysfuction

Toxins and drugs

27
Q

Whats chronic hepatitis?

A 
More than 6 months
caused by:
-Autoimmune disease
-Alcohol
Plasma aminotransferases usually elevated
28
Q

Cholestasis and jaundice?

A

Cholestasis is an obstruction of flow of bile
Jaundice due to unregualted hyperbilirubinaemia, usually mild
Ultrasound examination

29
Q

Hepatic tumours?

A

a-fetoprotein

Clinical Biochemistry (11 decks)

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