Disease of the urinary tract Flashcards
Composition of the urine
-Water
-Urea
-Inorganic Salts
-Creatinine
-Various metabolites
pH 7
Why are UTI’s rare in men?
- High flow rate
- Length of urethra
Why are UTI’s rare in women?
-Urethra short
-Close proximity of urethra to anal region
E.coli, Enterocci
Inflammation of bladder description?
- Easy to treat
- Few complications
- Relitively simple infection of the bladder
Symptoms of bladder inflammation?
Dysuria (pain when passing urine)
Mild temperature
Pyuria
UTI Pydonephritis
Infections of the Upper urinary tract (kidney)
Potentially much more serious
Symptoms of UTI Pydonephritis
- Back pain
- High temperature
- Rigor (shaking episodes)
- Symptoms of cystisis
UTI in children Symptoms?
Bed wetting
Renal failure in early adulthood
UTI in the elderly (cathererised) symptoms?
Cytitis and pyelonephritis may be absent
Unwell or confused
UTI in pregnancy symptoms?
Common complication
infection may be asymptomatic
Regular screening important
Common cause of UTI’s
E.Coli (90%)
Proteus mirabillis
Klebisilla
Staphlococcus aureus
Uropathogenic E.Coli description?
90% of bladder infections
Attach to Urinary tract epithlial cells via Pydonephritis associated pilli (PAP)
Produce alpha and beta hemolysis of UT cells
Recurrant UTI’s
10% of women suffer from this
Biofilms form in bladder
Catheterisation used in elderly
What are biofilms?
A biofilm is any group of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other on a surface. These adherent cells are frequently embedded within a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS).
What medium is used in tjhe labs for the diagnosis of UTI’s
CLED plate
