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Histology > Liver > Flashcards

Liver Flashcards

1
Q

What are the structural components of the liver?

A
  1. parenchyma 2. stroma 3. sinusoids 4. peisinusoidal spaces (space of disse
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2
Q

What is the parenchyma of the liver?

A

one cell layer thick of hepatocytes

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3
Q

What is the stroma of the liver?

A

CT with vessels, nerves, lymphatics, and bile duct.

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4
Q

What are the sinusoids of the liver?

A

Capillaries that run in between plates

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5
Q

What are the perisinusoidal spaces (Space of Disse)?

A

Space that lie in between the sinusoidal epithelium and the hepatocytes

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6
Q

What is the “classic lobule”?

A

Hexagonal stack of parenchyma, separated by sinusoids. Outer border is formed by portal canals

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7
Q

What is the center of the classic lobule?

A

the central vein

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8
Q

What are the portal canals?

A

Stroma that contain the portal triad, located around the border of the hexagonal lobule.

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9
Q

What is a portal lobule?

A

Lobule formed around the interlobular bile duct of the portal triad of the classic lobule.

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10
Q

What forms the outer margins of the portal lobule?

A
  1. Imaginary lines drawn between 3 different central veins, closest to that portal triad.
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11
Q

The portal lobule includes how many classic lobules?

A

contain triangular pieces of the 3 classic lobules.

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12
Q

What is the acinus of liver?

A

smaller functional unit of the lobule. triangular in shape and formed by the central vein and two portal canals

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13
Q

What forms the acinus of the liver?

A

Central vein and two portal canals.

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14
Q

What are the zones of the acinus?

A

Zone 1: closest to blood supply (portal canal) Zone 2: in middle. Zone 3: farthest from blood supply, neat central vein

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15
Q

Describe the structure/visualization of a hepatocyte.

A
  1. large, polygonal with central nucleus. 2. Binucleate, with heterochromatin clumps. 3. Two nuclei.
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16
Q

What is the cytoplasm of hepatocytes like?

A
  1. pink (acidophilic) 2. glycogen with PAS 3. Lipid droplets and numerous peroxisomes.
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17
Q

What is the structure of hepatic sinusoids?

A

discontinuous endothelium. Lacking basal lamina and contain large fenestrae

18
Q

What are Kupffer cells?

A

Mononuclear phagocytes in the sinusoidal endothelium

19
Q

How can you identify Kupffer cells?

A

Use hemodierosis/hemochromatosis, they will appear with iron deposits.

20
Q

Is there a true barrier to the Space of Disse? Why or why not?

A

No true barrier as there is an incomplete basal lamina with large fenestrae.

21
Q

Where are space of Disse located?

A

Between sinusoidal endothelium and the hepatocytes.

22
Q

What are Ito cells?

A

hepatic stellate cells

23
Q

What are hepatic stellate cells (ito cells)?

A

Vit A storage site, with ability to differentiate into myofibroblasts and cause fibrogenesis in disease.

24
Q

What is the biliary tree?

A

system of channels for bile

25
Q

Cholangiocytes?

A
  1. contained in biliary tree 2. Cuboidal epithelial cells lining the channels. 3. Complete basal lamina with tight junctions. 4. Apical microvilli and one sensory cilium.
26
Q

What is the bile cannaliculus?

A

Structure formed by grooves in the surface of adjacent hepatocytes.

27
Q

Canal of Hering?

A

Formed by hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. In the biliary tree

28
Q

Bile ductule structure.

A

Formed entirely of cholangiocytes.

29
Q

What is the gallbladder mucosa consist of?

A

simple columnar epithelium, with apical microvilli and tight junctions.

30
Q

What does the gallbladder’s lamina propria resemble?

A

fenestrated capillaries with high # of lymphocytes, mucous secreting glands but no lymphatic vessels.

31
Q

Describe the muscularis mucosae of the gallbladder.

A

Trick, there is not a muscularis mucosae.

32
Q

What is the structure of the muscularis externa of the gallbladder?

A

randomly orientated smooth muscles that contract to empty into cystic duct.

33
Q

Describe the structure of the adventitia of the gallbladder.

A
  1. Adventitia: describes side attached to liver. 2. Serosa: describes the free edge. 3. Dense CT with lymph, and autonomic nerves
35
Q

What is this structure?

A

Note the lack of muscularis mucosa and the submucosa layer.

38
Q

What is this a structure of?

A

Biliary Tree

39
Q

What do E, and K represent on the slide?

A

K= kupffer cells

E= endothelial cells

40
Q

What is this an overall image of, and in what direction should blood flow?

A

Liver acinus, flows from zone 1—>3

41
Q

What are each of the letters?

A

H= hepatocytes

PV= portal vein

L= lymphatics

A= hepatic arteriole

B= bile duct

S= sinusoids???

Histology (19 decks)

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