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Anatomy (TOPNOTCH SUPPLEMENT) > Liver > Flashcards

Liver Flashcards

0
Q

Dome shaped

Anterior, superior and posterior parts

Covered with visceral peritoneum except posteriorly in the bare area

A

Diaphragmatic

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1
Q

Lies mainly in the RUQ of the abdomen occupies most of the R hypochondrium, the upper epigastrium and extends into the L hypochondrium

A

Liver

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2
Q

Ligaments

A

Falciform ligament

Coronary ligament

R/L triangular ligaments

Ligamentum teres / round ligament

Ligamentum venosum

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3
Q

Remnant of umbilical vein

Between left lobe and quadrate lobe

A

Ligamentum teres / round ligament

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4
Q

Remnant of ductus venous

Between left lobe and caudate lobe

A

Ligamentum venosum

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5
Q

The median umbilical ligament is a remnant of what fetal structure?

A

Urachus

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6
Q

Gubernaculum

A

Round ligament

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7
Q

Urachus

A

Median umbilical ligament

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8
Q

Ductus venosum

A

Ligamentum venosum

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9
Q

Ductus arteriosus

A

Ligamentum arteriosum

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10
Q

Umbilical vein

A

Ligamentum teres

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11
Q

Umbilical artery

A

Medial umbilical ligament

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12
Q

Ductus venosus

A

Ligamentum venosum

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13
Q

Foramen ovale

A

Fossa ovalis

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14
Q

Ductus arteriosus

A

Ligamentum arteriosum

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15
Q

A pediatric surgeon is resecting a possible malignant mass from the liver of a neonate. The surgeon divides the round ligament during surgery. A fibrous remnant of which of the following fetal vessels is severed?

A

Left umbilical vein

16
Q

Caudate lobe is located in what functional surgical segment of liver?

A

Medial superior

17
Q

Segments

A 
I - Medial superior
II - Lateral superior
III - Lateral inferior
IV - Medial inferior
V - Anterior inferior
VI - Posterior inferior
VII - Posterior superior
VIII - Anterior superior
18
Q

APICES of triangular cross-sections of portal lobules are CENTRAL VEINS; PORTAL AREAS for the CENTERS of these lobules

Based on BILE FLOW

A

Portal Lobule

19
Q

Based on blood flow

DIAMOND-SHAPED AREA of the liver whose axis is the straight line between neighboring central veins and whose short acis is the intersecting line between neighboring portal areas

A

Liver Acinus - ACINUS OF RAPPAPORT

20
Q

3 zones of LIVER ACINUS

A

Zone 1 - closest to the portal tract and receives the most O2

Zone 2

Zone 3 - farthest and receives the least O2, most susceptible to ischemic injury

21
Q

Examination of a 54 y/o man reveals an isolated tumor located at the Porta hepatis. The tumor most likely compresses on which structure?

A

Branches of PORTAL VEIN

22
Q

Portal triad

A

Portal vein

Common bile duct

Hepatic artery

23
Q

Blood supply

A

Portal vein - formed by union of superior mesenteric & splenic veins; 70%

Hepatic vein - branch of celiac artery; 30%

24
Q

Liver biopsy done usually at?

A

R 10th ICS in MAL

25
Q

Right ICS 8,9 or 10 just after the patient exhales

Skin –> superficial fascia –> external oblique muscle –> intercostal muscles –> costal parietal pleura –> costodiaphragmatic rcess –> diaphragmatic parietal pleura –> diaphragm –> peritoneum

A

Liver biopsies

26
Q

Affects the development of intra & extrahepatic bile ducts

MC cause of persistent jaundice in infancy

SSX: jaundice, dark urine, clay-colored stool

Liver biopsy: bile duct proliferation with dilatation of bile canaliculi & bile plugs

A

Congenital biliary atresia

27
Q

Granulomatous destruction of medium-sized intrahepatic bile ducts

Mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase autoantibodies

A

Primary biliary cirrhosis

28
Q

Inflammation, fibrosis & segmental dilatation of both intra & extrahepatic bile ducts

Often in association with chronic ulcerative colitis

A

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

29
Q

Removing one of the liver segments (5 total segments) or one of the liver subsegments (9 total subsegments)

Hepatic veins as landmark, mark the periphery of the liver segment

A

Surgical resection

30
Q

Divided into R & L lobe by interlobar fissure

Secured in position by attachment of hepatic veins to the IVC (allows very little rotation of the liver during surgery)

A

Liver

31
Q

Left lobe contains

A

Calcified ligament

Ligamentum teres (remnant of umbilical vein) on inferior border

32
Q

Located on diaphragmatic surface

No peritoneum

A

Bare area of the liver

Anatomy (TOPNOTCH SUPPLEMENT) (71 decks)

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