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PMU Biochemistry > Lipids > Flashcards

Lipids Flashcards

1
Q

What are lipids soluble and insoluble in?

A

.

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2
Q

Are lipids with non-lipid groups Amphibolic

A

.

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3
Q

What are the groups of FAs

A

,

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4
Q

What are long-chain FAs important for?

A

.

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5
Q

What type of FA isomers occur naturally

A

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6
Q

When do Trans FAs occur

A

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7
Q

How can you label FAs

A

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8
Q

What is a saponifiable lipid

A

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9
Q

Give examples of saponifiable lipids

A

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10
Q

Give examples of non-saponifiable lipids

A

.

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11
Q

Describe Triacylgylcerols TAG

A

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12
Q

What makes up a TAG

A

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13
Q

Describe the structure of phosphoglycerides - what are its characteristics

A

HINT: glycerol-based phospholipids

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14
Q

What are the other names of phosphoglycerides

A 
Glycerophospholipids
Phospholipids - class of Glycerophospholipids
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15
Q

What class do Sphingomyelins belong to

A

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16
Q

Describe the characteristics of Sphingomyelins

A

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17
Q

Describe glycolipids

A

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18
Q

Give examples of different phosphoglycerides

A

.

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19
Q

What is the structure of Sphingosine

A

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20
Q

What is the structure of ceramide

A

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21
Q

Describe the structure of glycolipids

A

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22
Q

Describe the structure of sphingolipids

A

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23
Q

What is a cerebroside and describe its structure

A

glycosphingolipid

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24
Q

Where are cerebrosides abundant

A

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25
Q

What is the function of cerebrosides and how does their structure help with this

A

.

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26
Q

Describe blood type antigens

A

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27
Q

What are steroids

A

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28
Q

What lipid class do steroids belong in

A

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29
Q

What are Eicosanoids and what is its function

A

.

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30
Q

What are isoprenoids - examples

A

.

31
Q

Describe the structure of cholesterol

A

.

32
Q

What type of molecule is cholesterol

A

.

33
Q

What are the 2 classes of eicosanoids

A

.

34
Q

What is the structure of Prostagladin E2

A

eicosanoids

35
Q

What is the structure of Thromboxane A2

A

eicosanoids

36
Q

What is the structure of Leukotriene A4

A

eicosanoids

37
Q

From what are eicosanoids derived from

A

.

38
Q

What is the main dietary lipid

A

.

39
Q

What is the main pathway of digestion that TAGs go through

A

.

40
Q

What is the minor pathway of digestion that TAGs go through

A

.

41
Q

What is the role of Tongue Lipase and gastric lipase

A

.

42
Q

What is the role of pancreatic lipase

A

.

43
Q

What is the role of pancreatic phospholipase A2

A

.

44
Q

What is the role of Esterase

A

.

45
Q

What should happen to the lipids in the SI for the lipase to work

A

.

46
Q

How are lipids transported in plasma and why

A

.

47
Q

What is the structure of lipoproteins

A

They consist of a Triglyceride and Cholesterol center, surrounded by a phospholipid outer shell, with the hydrophilic portions oriented outward toward the surrounding water and lipophilic portions oriented inward toward the lipid center

A special kind of protein, called apolipoprotein, is embedded in the outer shell, both stabilising the complex and giving it a functional identity that determines its fate.

48
Q

What bonds hold the lipoprotein together

A

.

49
Q

Describe the lipid-protein binding in lipoproteins

A

.

50
Q

How are lipoproteins classified - mention the ratio

A

.

51
Q

What is the structure of Chylomicrons

A

consist of triglycerides (85–92%), phospholipids (6–12%), cholesterol (1–3%), and proteins (1–2%).

52
Q

What is the function of chylomicrons

A

.

53
Q

What is the structure of VLDL

A

.

54
Q

What is the function of VLDL

A

.

55
Q

Describe IDL

A

.

56
Q

What is the structure of LDL

A

.

57
Q

What is the function of LDL

A

.

58
Q

What is the structure of HDL

A

.

59
Q

What is the structure of VHDL

A

.

60
Q

Where is Lipoprotein Lipase LPL found and how is it held there

A

.

61
Q

What is the function of Lipoprotein Lipase LPL

A

.

62
Q

What cofactor is required for Lipoprotein Lipase LPL

A

.

63
Q

What inhibits Lipoprotein Lipase LPL

A

.

64
Q

What hormone activates Lipoprotein Lipase LPL

A

.

65
Q

Where is Hepatic Lipase found

A

.

66
Q

What is the function of Hepatic Lipase - what doesn’t It do

A

.

67
Q

What is Lecithin-Cholesterol acyltransferase - where is it synthesised

A

.

68
Q

What activates Lecithin-Cholesterol acyltransferase

A

.

69
Q

What is the function of Lecithin-Cholesterol acyltransferase

A

.

70
Q

Give examples of apoproteins

A

.

71
Q

What is Familial Hypercholesterolemia - type IIa

A

.

72
Q

Describe the LDL receptor (related to Familial Hypercholesterolemia)

A

.

73
Q

What are the symptoms of Familial Hypercholesterolemia

A

.

PMU Biochemistry (17 decks)

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