Lipids Flashcards

1
Q

Are the fatty acid side chains of phospholipids always unsaturated?

A

No, the fatty acid side chains of phospholipids can be saturated or unsaturated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a key function of phospholipids in cell signaling?

A

Phospholipids act as precursors of intracellular signals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How long are the fatty acid side chains of phospholipids in eukaryotic cells?

A

They are usually between 12 and 22 carbons long.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What property makes phospholipids suitable for forming cellular membranes?

A

Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules, meaning they have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Can phospholipids be modified by intracellular enzymes?

A

Yes, some phospholipids are phosphorylated by intracellular protein kinases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

True or False: All fatty acid side chains of phospholipids are unsaturated.

A

False. Fatty acid side chains can be either saturated or unsaturated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What causes Tay-Sachs disease?

A

Tay-Sachs disease is caused by the accumulation of gangliosides in lysosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where does phospholipid biosynthesis occur in the cell?

A

Endoplasmic reticulum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What enzyme produces phosphatidate?

A

The enzyme phosphatidic acid phosphatase.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What role does phosphatidylserine play in apoptosis?

A

Marks cells for phagocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What causes respiratory distress syndrome?

A

Lack of phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which type of lipid contains a sphingosine backbone?

A

Sphingolipids.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which type of lipid includes two fatty acids joined to glycerol by ester linkages?

A

Phospholipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which type of lipid usually has branched alkyl chains?

A

Archaeal lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which type of lipid contains one or more sugar molecules?

A

Glycolipids and phospholipids.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which type of lipid is classified as a steroid?

A

Cholesterol

15
Q

Which type of phospholipids have bent fatty acid tails?

A

Unsaturated phospholipids

16
Q

Which type of phospholipids are built upon a glycerol backbone?

A

Both saturated and unsaturated phospholipids

17
Q

Which type of phospholipids produce a fairly inflexible membrane at low temperatures?

A

Saturated phospholipids

18
Q

Which type of phospholipids contain one or more double bonds within their fatty acid chains?

A

Unsaturated phospholipids

19
Q

True or False: Both saturated and unsaturated phospholipids can be components of biological membranes.

A

True

20
Q

What cellular lipid is a precursor of signalling molecules?

A

Phosphatidylinositol

21
Q

Which cellular lipid is a structural component of membranes?

A

Phosphatidylcholine

22
Q

which cellular lipid is a donor of functional groups to some membrane-anchored proteins?

A

Phosphatidylethanolamine

23
Q

Which cellular lipid can be as much as 30% of membrane lipid, with key roles in regulating fluidity nad permeability?

A

Cholesterol

24
Q

What is a major component of lung surfactant?

A

Phophatidylcholine

25
Q

What is a major structural component of membranes (“lipid rafts”)?

A

Sphingomyelin (major sphingolipid)