Carbohydrates Flashcards
What is the difference between galactose and glucose?
The position of the -OH group at C4
What type of sugar is galactose?
Galactose is a hexose (six-carbon sugar)
What type of sugar is sedoheptulose?
Sedoheptulose is a heptose (seven-carbon sugar)
What type of molecule is pyruvate?
It is a three-carbon compound not a sugar
What type of sugar is dihydroxyacetone?
Dihydroxyacetone is a triode (three-carbon sugar)
What type of sugar is ribose?
Ribose is a pentose (five-carbon sugar)
Which group has double bonds, aldehydes or ketones?
Ketones (C=O)
(Aldehyde -CHO)
What is formed by the reduction of the aldehyde group of glucose to a hydroxyl group?
Sugar alcohols
Name a nutritionally important monosaccharides.
Glucose
Galactose
Fructose
Condensation between two monosaccharides (glycosidic bond) forms what?
Disaccharide
Three to ten monosaccharides formed by polymerization of glycosidic bonds
Oligosaccharides
What are sugars contained within a plant?
Intrinsic sugars (good ones)
What are sugars that are free in solution?
Extrinsic sugars (bad ones e.g. dental plaque)
What is a molecule with two single bonded oxygens attached to the same carbon atom called?
Acetal
