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Physiology > Lipid Metabolism > Flashcards

Lipid Metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

What is the activated to mobilize FAs?

A

Hormone-sensitive trriacyglycerol lipase (HSTL)

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2
Q

How is HSTL activated?

A

Epinephrine activates a cAMP pathway that activates PKA and mobilizes FAs

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3
Q

What is perilipin?

A

It coats the fait droplet and it must be Pi by PKA for HSTL to translate to the surface of the fat droplet.

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4
Q

What hormone will inhibit HSTL activity?

A

Insulin

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5
Q

What is the effect of adrenal cortical and thyroid hormones on HSTL?

A

Thyroid hormones & adrenal cortical hormones are permissive. Although they do not activate the enzyme, their presence is required for normal activity.

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6
Q

What is the effect of prostaglandins on HSTL?

A

Inhibit

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7
Q

How are fatty acids carried in the blood?

A

Bound to albumin

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8
Q

How does mobilization of FA affect FA biosynthesis?

A

Inhibits as palmitoyl CoA allosterically inhibits acetyl CoA carboxylase

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9
Q

How does mobilization of FA affect beta-oxidation of FAs?

A

Increase as there is more substrate and malonyl CoA is not produced and it is the sole inhibitor of beta-oxidation

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10
Q

How does mobilization of FA affect ketone body formation?

A

Increase due to increased beta oxidation

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11
Q

How does mobilization of FA affect gluconeogenesis?

A

Increase as beta-oxidation will increase the ATP available.

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12
Q

How does mobilization of FA affect glycolysis?

A

Inhibited due to increase in ATP levels which will inhibit PFK-1

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13
Q

What is the major energy producing pathway in the body?

A

Beta-oxidation

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14
Q

What are good users of fatty acid in the body?

A

Adipose
Liver
Skeletal Muscle

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15
Q

What are poor users of fatty acids in the body?

A

Brain

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16
Q

What is the function of carnitine?

A

It transports long FA chains in to the mitochondria for beta-oxidation

17
Q

What is the function of carnitine palmitoyl transferase I?

A

CPT-I is the rate limiting enzyme of beta-oxidation

18
Q

What is the only inhibitor of CPT-I?

A

Malonyl CoA

19
Q

Where are ketone bodies formed?

A

They are formed in the mitochondria when there is a high rate of beta-oxidation

20
Q

Where is the only place that ketone bodies are made?

A

Liver

21
Q

Where are ketone bodies used?

A

Brain and muscle

22
Q

What is the rate limiting enzyme of ketone synthesis and where is it found?

A

HMG-CoA synthase. It is found only in the liver.

23
Q

What is the enzyme of ketone utilization and where is it found?

A

Acetoacetate:succinyl CoA CoA transferase. It is NOT found in the liver and is in the mitochondria of brain and muscle.

Physiology (81 decks)

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