Gluconeogenesis Flashcards
Where does gluconeogenesis occur?
Liver and some in the kidney
How does gluconeogenesis occur?
Pyruvate can be converted to G6P which is turned back into glucose with G6-phosphatase as the key enzyme that
will allow for gluconeogenesis
What occurs as a result of low blood glucose?
Stimulation of gluconeogenesis
What are the major gluconeogenic precusors?
Lactate
Gluconeogenic AAs
Glycerol
Where does glycolysis occur?
In all cells
What is the core cycle?
Converts lactate into glucose
What is the alanine cycle?
Converts alanine into glucose
What is fructolysis?
The conversion of fructose to lactate
What does glycogenesis from precursors require?
ATP
What is the function of pyruvate carboxylase?
Converts pyruvate into oxaloacetate
What does Pyurvate Carboxylase genetic deficiency cause?
The lack of PC enzyme activity causes the accumulation of pyruvate in the plasma, which is subsequently converted into lactate by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase, causing an elevated plasma concentration of lactic acid.
What does Glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency cause?
It is characterized by poor tolerance to fasting, growth retardation and hepatomegaly resulting from accumulation of glycogen and fat in the liver (enlarged), elevated serum uric acid and elevated serum lactate.
What enzyme allow for the reaction G6P -> Glucose?
Glucose-6-phosphatase
What enzyme allows for the reaction Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate -> Fructose-6-Phosphate?
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
What enzyme allows for the reaction Pyruvate -> Phosphoenolpyruvate?
PEPCK
