Endocrine Disruptors

Question 1

What are the hormones secreted by the kidney?

Answer 1

Renin
Erythropoietin
Vitamin D

Question 2

What are the hormones of the heart?

Answer 2

ANP

BNP

Question 3

What are the hormones of the liver?

Answer 3

IGF-I

Question 4

What are the hormones of the GI tract?

Answer 4

Serotonin

Ghrelin

Question 5

What are some of the non-classical endocrine glands?

Answer 5

Brain
Kidney
Heart
Liver
GI

Question 6

Where is renin made?

Answer 6

In the juxtoglomerluar cells of afferent arterioles in the kidney

Question 7

What is the function of renin?

Answer 7

Regulation of the arteriolar diameter

Question 8

What is the molecular action of renin?

Answer 8

Cleaves angiotensinogen to angiotensin I -> precursor for angiotensin II

Question 9

What is the function of erythropoietin?

Answer 9

Stimulates proerythroblasts and differentiation of red blood cells (increases cell number)

Question 10

What are some regulators of EPO?

Answer 10

Anemia
Hypoxia
Thyroid Hormone
NE
Androgens

Question 11

What is the major side effect of blood doping?

Answer 11

Hypertension

Question 12

What is the function of ANP/BNP?

Answer 12

They will decrease the overall blood volume by increasing the rate of water and Na excretion. It also relaxes the blood vessels

Question 13

What is the effect of ANP/BNP on the hematocrit?

Answer 13

It will increase it due to the decrease in blood volume

Question 14

What can normal levels of BNP rule out?

Answer 14

CHF

Question 15

What are endocrine disruptors?

Answer 15

Any chemicals that may interfere with the body’s endocrine system and produce adverse developmental, reproductive, neurological, and immune effects in both humans and wildlife

Question 16

How do PCBs act as endocrine disruptors?

Answer 16

PCBs compete with thyroid hormone binding to its transport protein in the blood (TTR; TBG) which will increase the breakdown of thyroid hormone in the blood and result in excessive thyroid hormone production and a goiter.

Question 17

How does Diethylstilbestrol (DES) act as an endocrine disruptor?

Answer 17

Non-steroidal synthetic estrogen used in cattle feed that can mimic the effects of estrogen.