Lines, Drains, and Fluids Flashcards by tcarlso 3

What are the three types of peripheral access lines?

IV
PICC
Intraarterial

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What are the different central line accesses?

CVC
COrdis

HD cath
VAP

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What are the complication associated with IV? (4)

infx
Hematoma
infiltrate
Pain during administration

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What are the uses for an IV?

Routine med administration of fluids

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What are the sites for IVs?

Any visible and/or palpable veins

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What is the relationship between gauge and size?

Inverse

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Where are PICC lines usually placed?

Antecubital fossa

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What are the uses for PICC lines?

Long term administration

Poor IV access

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What are PICC lines NOT used for? Why?

Fluid resuscitation– small lines

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What are the three major complications with PICC lines?

Venous thrombosis
Malposition/dislocation
Infection

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Where are central venous catheters placed? (3)

IJV
Subclavian
Femoral

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Are CVC used for fluid resuscitation?

Yes

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What are the three common complications with CVC?

Pneumothorax
Infx
Arterial puncture

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What are the three uses for CVCs?

Fluid resuscitation
Multiple med lines
Invasive monitoring

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What are the three locations for a cordis?

IJ
Subclavian
Femoral

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What are the uses for Cordis?

Fluid resuscitation
Pulmonary artery cath
Invasive monitoring
SUrgery with rapid blood loss
Multiple med line

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What are the two major complications with Cordis?

Pneumothorax

Massive hemorrhage

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What are the locations of the PA cath?

Subclavian or IJV

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What are the uses for a PA cath?

Critically ill with cardiac instability
Major cardiac surgery
Hemodynamic monitoring

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What are the three major complications with PA caths?

Pulmonary artery rupture
Papillary muscle damage
Valvular damage

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What are the hemodialysis caths used for?

IVJ
Subclavian
Femoral

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What are the three major uses of hemodialysis caths?

Acute hemodialysis

Chronic hemodialysis

What are the two complications with hemodialysis catheters?

Clotting

Bleeding

What are the two locations of Hickman caths?

Subclavian

IJV

What is the major use of Hickman Caths?

Long term med

What are the three major complications with Hickman Caths?

Pneumothorax Bleeding Infx

What are the two locations for vascular access ports (VAPs)?

Subclavian | IJV

What are the two uses of VAPs?

Prolonged IV access | Long term chemo

What are the two major complications with VAPs?

Dislocation | Breakage

What are the six different types of drains?

1. Penrose 2. Jackson-pratt 3. Hemovac 4. chest tube 5. Enteral feeding tubes

What is a Penrose drain? uses?

Rubber tubing placed in the neck or extremity to allow for free drainage of dependent fluids

What is a JP/Blake drain? Uses?

Semi-rigid plastic tubings that are attached to a suction device, to allow for postoperative drainage of a potential space or percutaneous drainage

What are hemovacs? What are they used for?

Self contained spring loaded drain that are used for suction post-op

What are chest tubes/pleuro vacs? Uses?

Drainage devices for hemothorax or pneumothorax

What are T-tubes, and what are their uses?

Cholecystotomy tubes or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiocatheter

What are the uses of T-tubes?

Drains biliary tract Post-op CBD expansion Acute cholecystitis

What are the three different types of enteral feeding tubes?

1. G tube 2. J tube 3. NG/OG

What are G tubes?

Enteral feeding tubes that are placed through the abdominal wall into the gastric lumen, and are used for feeding or draining the stomach

What are PEG tubes?

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (G-tube)

What are J tubes?

Red rubber catheter from abdominal wall into the Jejunum for feeding

Are G tubes used for drainage? J tubes?

G tubes yes, J tubes No

How are J tubes placed?

Surgically

What are NG/OG tubes?

Nasogastric or orogastric tubes to used for enteral feedings/meds

What is the common complications with NG/OG tubes?

Aspiration d/t going through the LES

What are the electrolyte contents of NS? pH?

154 mEq for Na and Cl, at a pH of 4-5

What is the rate of IVF administration for adults, children, and infants?

``` Adults = UOP 1/2 ml/kg/hr Child = 1 ml/kg/hr Infants = 2 ml/kg/hr ```

How do you calculate the 24 hour IVF maintenance?

100 ml for first 10 kg 50 for next 10 kg 20 for additional kg

How do you calculate the maintenance fluid required per hour?

4 ml/kg for first 10 kg 2 ml/kg for next 10 1 ml/kg for additional kg

What two types of fluids are used for boluses?

NS or LR

Do you ever bolus dextrose or KCl?

never

What is the maximum amount of KCl that can be given through a peripheral IV? Central line

10 mEq/hr for peripheral 20 mEq/hr for central

10 mEq if IV K raises serum K by how much?

0.1 mEq/L

What are the electrolytes and concentrations for D5 half NS?

77 Na 77 Cl 50 Glu 450 free H2O

What are the electrolytes and their concentrations for LR?

``` 130 Na 110 Cl 4 K 100 Free H2O 28 mEq lactate ```