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Surgery and other stuff > Common Anesthetic Procedures > Flashcards

Common Anesthetic Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

What are the muscle relaxation meds?

A

Succinylcholine

Curare-like

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2
Q

What are the analgesic meds?

A

Nacros
NSAIDs
Nitrogenous
Inhalation agents

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3
Q

What are the drugs that are used in amnesia?

A 
Benzodiazepines
Barbiturates
Propofol
Inhalation
Nitrous
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4
Q

What is the most important bit to anesthesia?

A

Maintain physiology

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5
Q

What are the three indications for putting in an endotracheal tube?

A
  1. Patent airway
  2. Control airway if paralysis
  3. Improve ventilation/oxygen
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6
Q

What are mallampati classes? (1-4/)

A 
1= tonsillar pillars, soft palate, and uvula are visible
2 = Uvula at base of tongue
3= Only soft palate visible
4 = Only base of tongue and hard palate visible
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7
Q

What are the oral findings that may complicate intubation?

A

Macroglossia

Loose or prominent dentition

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8
Q

What is the thyromental distance?

A

3 fingers from lower border of mandible to thyroid

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9
Q

Greater than what diameter of the neck may indicate difficult intubation?

A

18 in

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10
Q

Why do you oxygenate pts prior to intubation?

A

Denitrogenation

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11
Q

What are laryngeal mask airways? What is the issue with these?

A

There is nothing to stop regurgitation

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12
Q

What is the miller blade that is used for intubation?

A

Straight blades

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13
Q

What is the MacIntosh blade?

A

Curved blades for intubation

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14
Q

What is a glidescope?

A

Camera with a laryngoscope

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15
Q

What is the position of the head and neck when intubating?

A

Neck flexed, head extended

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16
Q

Laryngoscope is placed in the mouth how?

A

Directed toward the right tonsillar pillar and base of the tongue

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17
Q

What are the five things you look for when intubating someone?

A
  1. Chest rise
  2. Steam in the tube
  3. Bilateral breath sounds
  4. Sustained tidal ETCO2
  5. PO2 stays above 92%
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18
Q

What are the indications for an epidural?

A

Surgical procedures
C sections
Cath placement

19
Q

What are the absolute contraindications to epidurals? (5)

A 
Patient refusal
Localized infection
Sepsis
Coagulopathy
Raised IC pressure
20
Q

Why are anticoagulants a contraindication to epidural?

A

Can cause epidural hematoma

21
Q

Why is hypovolemia a relative contraindication to epidurals?

A

Will cause lower BP

22
Q

What is the needle used for epidurals?

A

Touhy needle

23
Q

How do you tell when you’re in the right space for an epidural?

A

Loss of resistance once past the ligamentum flavum

24
Q

Why is there epi in the sample dose of an epidural?

A

Will cause tachycardia, and indicate if you’re in an artery/vein. (could cause arrhythmias if inject lidocaine)

25
Q

Intrathecal blocks are also called what?

A

Spinal blocks

26
Q

What are the contraindications (5) for intrathecal blocks?

A

Same as for epidurals

27
Q

Between what vertebrae do you do a spinal tap?

A

L3/L4

28
Q

What spinal level does the spinal cord end?

A

L2/3

29
Q

Headache with movement after an LP indicates what?

A

Hole in the thecal sac, causing a loss of CSF

30
Q

Why are smaller needles used for intrathecal injections?

A

Lower risk for headaches

31
Q

What happens if a pt jumps with an intrathecal injection?

A

Move back–you’re in the cauda equina

32
Q

What are the indications for a central line?

A

Measure right sided heart filling pressure

Drug/fluids

33
Q

If you have to remove an air emboli in the right atrium, what type of line will you use?

A

Central line

34
Q

What are the common sites of central lines?

A

Right IJV

Left subclavian

35
Q

How can you find the IJV?

A

Between the SCM heads

36
Q

Where is the carotid relative to the IJV?

A

Just medial

37
Q

How should you aim your needle with inserting a needle into the IJV?

A

Aim at the ipsilateral nipple

38
Q

What are the guide wires used for?

A
39
Q

How is the needle inserted in the subclavian vein?

A

At the outer 1/3 of the clavicle inferiorly, and directed towards the sternal notch

40
Q

What is the complication of guide wires in the heart with central lines?

A

Arrhythmias

Pericardial tamponade

41
Q

Why is the pt placed in the trendelenburg position with central line placement?

A

reduces risk of air embolism

42
Q

What are the indications for arterial lines?

A

Monitor beat to beat blood pressure

BG draws

43
Q

When are femoral art lines indicated?

A

WHen peripheral arteries are vasoconstricted secondary to meds

44
Q

What are the complications with arterial lines? (4)

A

Infection
Hematoma
Loss of circulation
Nerve damage

Surgery and other stuff (25 decks)

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