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ERJ 145 Upgrade > Limitations > Flashcards

Limitations Flashcards

1
Q

What is the minimum required crew?

A

Pilot and Copilot

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2
Q

What kinds of operations are permitted?

A

VFR, IFR, Icing conditions

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3
Q

What is the maximum number of occupants?

A

EMB-135: 42
EMB-140: 49
EMB-145: 55

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4
Q

Maximum ramp weight (EMB-145LR)

A

48,722 lb

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5
Q

Maximum takeoff weight (EMB-145LR)

A

48,501 lb

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6
Q

Maximum Landing Weight (EMB-145LR)

A

42,549 lb

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7
Q

Maximum Zero Fuel weight (EMB-145LR)

A

39,462 lb

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8
Q

Maximum takeoff weight is the lowest of the following weights:

A

Max structural takeoff weight
Climb limited
Field length limited
Brake energy limited
Obstacle clearance

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9
Q

Max Landing weight is the lowest of the following weights:

A

Max structural landing weight
Climb limited
Field length limited

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10
Q

How must the airplane be loaded?

A

In accordance with the weight and balance manual

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11
Q

Minimum altitude for takeoff/landing?

A

-1000 ft

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12
Q

Maximum altitude for takeoff/landing?

A

8,000 ft

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13
Q

Minimum temperature for takeoff/landing

A

-40 C

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14
Q

Maximum temperature for takeoff/landing

A

52 C

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15
Q

Maximum operating temperature

A

ISA +35 C

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16
Q

Minimum temperature below 25,000 feet

A

-54 C

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17
Q

Minimum temperature at 37,000 feet

A

-65 C

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18
Q

Maximum temperature at 37,000 feet

A

-21.5 C

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19
Q

Minimum TAT in cruise above 25,000 feet

A

-45 C
Momentary deviations to -50 C does not require a maintenance inspection

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20
Q

What must be accomplished if a landing below -40 C occurs?

A

Hard landing inspection

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21
Q

Maximum speed for gear retraction

A

200 KIAS

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22
Q

Maximum speed for gear extension

A

250 KIAS

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23
Q

Maximum speed with gear extended and locked

A

250 KIAS

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24
Q

Maximum operating airspeed

A

Below 8,000 feet: 250 KIAS
Above 10,000 feet: 320 KIAS

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25
Q

Maximum operating Mach speed

A

0.78 M

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26
Q

Maximum operating altitude

A

37,000 feet

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27
Q

Maneuvering speed

A

200 KIAS

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28
Q

What must be avoided at speeds above maneuvering speed?

A

Maneuvers that involve high angle of attack, full rudder, elevator, or yaw application

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29
Q

What maneuvers must be avoided at all airspeeds?

A

Rapid and large alternating control inputs, especially combined with large changes in pitch, roll, or yaw

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30
Q

How must the electromechanical gust lock be checked?

A

Each time the gust lock is unlocked:
- 10 seconds after moving it to
the unlocked position
- Full up, Full down, Full up

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31
Q

Maximum speed flaps 9

A

250 KIAS

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32
Q

Maximum speed flaps 18

A

200 KIAS

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33
Q

Maximum speed flaps 22

A

200 KIAS

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34
Q

Maximum speed flaps 45

A

145 KIAS

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35
Q

When must the yaw damper be engaged?

A
  • Flaps 22, above 10,000 feet, above 180 KIAS
  • Flaps 45, above 10,000 feet, above 145 KIAS
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36
Q

Maximum flap extended altitude

A

20,000 feet

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37
Q

Maximum airspeed after takeoff/during climb without retrimming

A

160 KIAS

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38
Q

Maximum tailwind for takeoff and landing

A

10 kt

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39
Q

Maximum recommended speed to remove direct vision windows

A

140 KIAS

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40
Q

Maximum altitude for unpressurized flight

A

10,000 feet - unless following a depressurization with higher MEA

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41
Q

Maximum recommended crosswind

A

Dry runway 30 kt
Wet runway 30 kt
Compact snow 25 kt
Standing water, slush
Loose snow 20 kt
Ice, no melting 10 kt

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42
Q

Load factor limits with flaps 0

A

-1.00 g to + 2.50 g

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43
Q

Load factor limits with flaps down (any setting)

A

0 g to + 2.00 g

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44
Q

Runway slope limitations

A

-2% to +2%

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45
Q

Runway surface type

A

Paved only

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46
Q

Can the terrain awareness display be used for navigation?

A

No

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47
Q

When should the terrain override button be pressed?

A

Within 15 NM of takeoff, approach, or landing at an airport with any of the following:

-Airport has no instrument
approach procedure
-Airport not in the database
-Longest runway is shorter than
3,500 feet

48
Q

Maximum load on a main generator

49
Q

Maximum load on APU generator

A

Up to 30,000 feet: 400A
Above 30,000 feet: 300A

50
Q

Maximum battery temperature

51
Q

When pressure Refueling, how much is usable fuel reduced?

A

13.2 US gal per tank

52
Q

Usable fuel in wing tanks (EMB-145LR)

A

5,717 lb per tank
11,434 lb total

53
Q

Maximum fuel imbalance

54
Q

Unusable fuel in wing tanks

A

39 lb per tank
78 lb total

55
Q

Unusable fuel in wing tanks if any electric fuel pump is inoperative

A

365 lb per tank
730 lb total

56
Q

Allowed fuel types

A

Jet A
Jet A-1
JP8
Jp5
QAV1

57
Q

Minimum fuel tank temperature

58
Q

Maximum fuel tank temperature

59
Q

Minimum temperature of fuel leaving FCOC without an icing inhibitor

60
Q

Maximum altitude for APU start

A

30,000 feet

61
Q

Maximum altitude for APU operation

A

37,000 feet

62
Q

Maximum APU rotor speed

A

108% (APU will shut down at 104%)

63
Q

Maximum EGT for APU start

64
Q

Maximum EGT for APU continuous

A

680 C - May be exceeded up to 717 for 5 minutes

65
Q

Minimum battery temperature for APU start

66
Q

APU starter limits

A

Cooling period between 3 consecutive attempts: 1 minute off

Cooling period between two series of 3 attempts: 30 minutes off

67
Q

What limitation must the four installed engine FADECs comply with

A

All four must be the same part number

68
Q

Maximum N1

69
Q

Maximum N2

70
Q

Maximum ITT for start

71
Q

Maximum ITT for takeoff

A

948 C - limited to 5 minutes

72
Q

Maximum Continuous ITT

73
Q

Maximum oil pressure

A

95 psi (or 110 psi) - may be exceeded during engine starts if oil temperature is below 21 C

74
Q

Minimum oil pressure

A

Below 88% N2 34 psi
Above 88% N2 50 psi
Operation between 34 - 50 psi is allowed during takeoff and go-around

75
Q

Maximum oil temperature

76
Q

Minimum oil temperature

A

Minimum oil temperature
21 C

Minimum oil temperature for starting is -40 C or -53 depending on oil type

77
Q

Maximum vibration

A

Low pressure spool 1.8 IPS
High pressure spool 1.1 IPS

Both spools may be in the amber range up to 2.5 IPS for 5 minutes during takeoff or go-around, or 10 seconds during any other phase of flight

78
Q

Starter limits on ground

A

1st-4th cycles - 1 min on, 1 min off

Following cycles - 1 min on, 5 min off

79
Q

Starter limits in flight

A

Maximum continuous operation time: 5 minutes on, no cool down time required

80
Q

ATTCS must be operative for takeoff in which modes?

A

ALT T/O-1
T/O

81
Q

When is a thrust assurance check required?

A

Once per week for FADEC versions prior to B8.0, unless aircraft particles in engine condition monitoring

82
Q

Thrust reverser limitations

A

Do not attempt go-around after deployment of thrust reversers on landing

Do not open thrust reversers in flight

83
Q

Engine warm up time

A

4 minutes for cold engine
2 minutes for warm engine

Engine is considered cold if it has been shutdown for more than 90 minutes

84
Q

Minimum oil temperature to increase thrust above 83% N2

A

40 C or run engine for 8 minutes

85
Q

Engine cool down time before shutdown

A

1 minute at idle or taxi thrust

86
Q

Performance limitation for FADEC software B5.1.1

A

Decrease approach climb gradient by 1.1%

Decrease approach climb limited weight by 1,920 lb

87
Q

Maximum differential pressure

88
Q

Maximum differential over pressure

89
Q

Maximum differential negative pressure

90
Q

Maximum temperature for manual anti-icing operation

91
Q

Minimum temperature for manual anti-icing operation

92
Q

Maximum altitude for single engine or single bleed in icing conditions

A

15,000 feet

93
Q

Holding configuration in icing conditions

A

Landing gear up
Flaps 0
Minimum airspeed 200 KIAS

94
Q

Definition of icing conditions

A

10 C or below and visible moisture. Use SAT on the ground, TAT in flight

95
Q

When should a tactical icing check be performed?

A

Holdover time exceeded
OAT less than 6 C, fuel tank temp less than 0 C, and any of the following conditions are present:
-Visible moisture or water on wing
-Difference between dew point and OAT is 3 C or less
-Conditions conducive to frost formation

96
Q

Which bleeds must be used for anti-ice operation?

A

Engine bleeds

97
Q

Maximum speed for windshield wiper operation

98
Q

Where can the ozone limitation charts be found?

A

In the limitations section of the AOM or AFM

99
Q

AHRS-900 Alignment limitations

A

Aircraft must not be moved until attitude and heading information on PFD is valid

100
Q

What must be done when crossing the outer marker on an ILS?

A

Verify altitude with value on published procedure

101
Q

How low may an approach be flown with only a single operation glideslope receiver?

A

Localizer-only MDA

102
Q

What must both pilots monitor in order to fly an ILS approach to DA?

A

Both pilots must tune indepent glideslope receivers and monitor using independent displays

103
Q

Maximum duration of ISIS when operating on batteries

A

40 minutes

104
Q

When should weather radar not be used?

A

During refueling, near fuel spills, or near people

105
Q

What limitations apply to HF radio?

A

Do not transmit on HF during refueling, Do not rely on ADF indications while transmitting on HF

106
Q

Minimum autopilot engagement height after takeoff

107
Q

Minimum altitude to fly a coupled approach (CAT 1)

108
Q

Minimum altitude coupled to autopilot on non-precision approach

109
Q

What limitations apply to a single engine go-around?

A

Single engine go-around with autopilot engaged is prohibited

110
Q

When may approach mode be selected for localizer capture?

A

When airplane is inbound

111
Q

What type of approach required the use of the flight director?

A

GPS approaches

112
Q

Which approaches can FMS not be used for guidance?

A

ILS, LOC, LOC-BC, LDA, SDF, MLS

113
Q

How must the FMS be transitioned to the missed approach segment?

A

Press the go-around buttons. Using the CDU mode select button is prohibited

114
Q

When must RAIM be checked?

A

Prior to dispatch when a GPS approach is the intended approach

115
Q

RNP limitations

A

Not approved: RNP less than 0.3
RNP 1 to less than 2 : Flight director required
.3 to less than 1: Flight director and GPS required

116
Q

Cockpit security door limitations

A

Two crewmembers must be in cockpit at all times

117
Q

What equipment is required to fly in RVSM airspace?

A

Two primary altitude indicators
Autopilot
Altitude Alerter
Transponder

ERJ 145 Upgrade (23 decks)

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