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Oral prep flash cards > Life Saving Appliances > Flashcards

Life Saving Appliances Flashcards

1
Q

Which Publications can your refer to for info on LSA

A

Solas - States what LSA is required
LSA Code, inside the Life Saving Appliances Book - Details what they are/specifications
Red Ensign, Large Yacht code - states how many per yacht size

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2
Q

All LSA shall be fitted with what, recomended by which resolution?

A

Retro reflective tape, as recommended by IMO resolution A.658

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3
Q

When are Liferaft packs Solas A or B

A

B if the yacht operates less than 60M from shore
A if more

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4
Q

What is in a SOLAS pack A

A
  • Rescue quoits with minimum 30-metre lines
  • Non-folding knife with a buoyant handle. If the life raft holds more than 13 persons, then a second knife
  • For 12 persons or less, 1 bailer. For more than 13 persons, 2 bailers should be kept
  • 2 sponges
  • 2 buoyant paddles
  • 3 tin openers
  • 2 sea anchors
  • 1 pair of scissors
  • 1 first aid waterproof kit
  • 1 whistle
  • 1 waterproof torch for communicating morse code with 1 spare set of batteries and bulb
  • 1 signalling mirror/heliograph
  • 1 radar reflector
  • 1 life-saving signals waterproof card
  • 1 fishing tackle
  • Food ration totalling not less than 10000 kJ for each person
  • Water ration- 1.5 litres of fresh water for each person
  • One rust proof graduated drinking vessel
  • Anti sea sickness medicine sufficient for at least 48 hours and one seasickness bag for each person
  • Instructions on how to survive (Survival booklet)
  • Instructions on immediate action
  • TPA sufficient for 10% of the number of persons or two, whichever is greater
  • Marking shall be SOLAS ‘A’ Pack
  • 6 Hand Flares
  • 4 Rocket Parachute Flares
  • 2 Buoyant Smoke Signals
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5
Q

Liferaft primary actions

A

Assist others to board the craft
Use knife to cut free, manouevre clear of vessel and debris
Stream Drogue to reduce rate of drift from other survivors
Close doors to keep dry and warm
Maintain the lifreaft, check for damage, remove water, insulate floor

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6
Q

Liferaft secondary actions

A

Seasickness pills for everyone
Treat injured crew
Bail out,
Keep warm, huddle
Make a large target, join up as many rafts as possible
Post a lookout for survivors, rafts, rescue
Read the survival craft handbook
Maintain morale, set a schedule, stay confident in rescue

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7
Q

What are the markings on a liferaft (7)

A
  • The makers name or trade mark;
  • A serial number;
  • The date of manufacture;
  • The name of the approving authority;
  • The name and place of servicing station where it was last serviced;
  • The number of persons it is permitted to accommodate over each.
  • Pictogram of how to operate it
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8
Q

HRU? Liferaft activation

A

Hydrostatic release Unit
Activates at 1.5-4m
2 year validity
Top, yellow part connects to the Senhous pin securing the raft
Painter attached to middle red weak link
As boat sinks, water presses the diaphragm, pushing the blade to cut the rope, realeasing the raft
The painter all pulls out, activating the raft
As pressure continues to build, the weak link breaks releasing the inflated raft

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9
Q

What is in the rescue boat

A

Oars or paddles
bouyant bailer
compass
sea anchor
Painter
1 bouyant line 50m+
electric torch and spare batteries
Whistle
1st aid kit
Bouyant rescue qoits
Search light
TPA
radar reflector
Portable fire extinguisher

Additionally for a inflatable rescu boat
bouyant safety knife
Manual bellows
2 sponges
repair kit
boat hook

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10
Q

How long to launch a rescue boat

A

Should be stored in a state of continuous readiness, and launched within 5 minutes

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11
Q

What is MSN 1722, summarised it

A

Guidelines for training crews for rescue boats for ships making headway through water
*Toolbox talk prior to any launch
* done under the supervision of an officer experienced in such drills
* No requirement to practice launching underway, but if done should be practiced at anchor or alongside
* Lifejackets and immersion suits (where appropriate) and head protection should be worn.
* 2-way radiotelephone comms. between rescue boat, the bridge and the i/c of lowering should be established.
* During lowering and recovering the propeller of the ship should be stopped
* The boats engines should be running before it enters the water.
* The practice should be followed by a de-brief.

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12
Q

How does an EPIRB work

A

Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon
Activates manually or automatically
Sends a coded message with ships identity to the Cospass-SarSat satellite system on 406 MHz (one is Geostationary, one is polar)
Satelite can take up to 90mins to determine position, within 5km accuracy
Relays this to MCC, who dispatch SAR
SAR aircraft can home in on EPIRB on 121.5MHz

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13
Q

EPIRB testing/maintenance/ battery life

A

All should be registered with the administration
5 year servicing
Self test Monthly
Annual Performance tests
48 hr minimum operation

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14
Q

How does a SART Work

A

Search and Rescue Radar Transponder
Recieves interrogation from X band radar, 3cm 9GHz
gives back a response, visable on a x band radar display, gives a beep
Detection range effected by height of antenna, 5M by ship, 30M by Air
Shows 12 Dots in direction of SART, Closest is the Sart
dots turn to arcs when less than 1M away
Then Rings as you get very close

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15
Q

SART Testing/Maintenance/ Battery

A

Battery 96 hrs, 8 hrs in interrogation mode
Monthly testing

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16
Q

Requirements for a General Alarm per ships size

A

Vessel less than 500GT may be the ships whistle
More than 500GT, must be an electronic bell or Klaxxon, powered by mains and/or the Emergency Power Supply
Additionally +85m vessels must have a PA System

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17
Q

Lighting requiremennts for LSA

A

Alleyways, internal and external stairways, and exits giving access to, and including, the muster and embarkation stations shall be adequately lit.
Adequate lighting shall be provided in the vicinity of survival craft, launching appliance(s) (when provided) and the overside area of sea in way of the launching position(s). The lighting shall be supplied from the emergency source of power.

18
Q

Emergency Power Supply location

A

A self contained emergency source of power shall be provided
Shall be positioned on the uppermost continuous watertight deck
Shall not be positioned forward of the crash bulkhead
The emergency source of power shall be independent of the main power supply, external to the engine room, and with separate distribution.

19
Q

What requires emergency Power according to LYC

A

Emergency power shall be readily available to supply:
emergency lighting,
radio installation
and navigation aids for a minimum of 3 hours.

As a minimum, the navigation aids to be supplied by emergency power to include
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS/GPS),
echo sounder
and AIS.

The emergency power supply shall be adequate to also supply any electrical emergency equipment fitted,
such as firepumps,
bilge pumps,
watertight doors,
and rescue boat davit.

20
Q

Helicopter rescue Do’s

A

DO steer with wind 30° on Port Bow if rescue area is aft or midships
Steer with wind 30° on STBD quarter if rescue are is Forward
Pilot will advise

DO Clear rescue area, secure all loose gear and remove all aerials

DO fly flag to indicate wind direction

DO illuminate flag and rescue area at night

DO wear rubber gloves to handle Winch wire

21
Q

Helicopter rescue Dont’s

A

Do Not touch the winchman, Stretcher or winch until it has been earthed

Do Not secure any lines passed down

Do Not fire rockets or Shine lights up at helo

Do Not transmit on radio while rescue underway

22
Q

When should new passengers be mustered, what for

A

On a ship engaged on a voyage where passengers are scheduled to be onboard for more than 24 hours, musters of newly-embarked passengers shall take place prior to or immediately upon departure.

Passengers shall be instructed in the use of the lifejackets and the action to take in an emergency.

Whenever new passengers embark, a passenger safety briefing shall be given immediately before departure, or immediately after departure.

23
Q

How Often for enclosed space drills?

A

Crew members with enclosed space entry or rescue responsibilities shall participate in an enclosed space entry and rescue drill to be held onboard the ship at least once every two months.
It is recommended that new seafarers shall attend a dedicated course for entry into dangerous spaces

24
Q

How often should Fire and Abandon Drills be held

A

Every crew member shall participate in at least one abandon ship drill and one fire drill every month and-
* where more than 25% of the crew have not participated in abandon ship and fire drills onboard that particular ship in the previous month the drills of the crew shall take place within 24 hours of the ship leaving a port;
* where a ship enters service for the first time, after modification of a major character or when a new crew is engaged, the drills shall be held before the vessel sails

25
Q

Each abandon ship drill shall include-

A
  • Summoning of passengers and crew to muster stations with the general
    emergency alarm followed by drill announcement on the public address or other communication system and ensuring that they are made aware of the order to abandon ship;
  • Reporting to stations and preparing for the duties described in the muster list;
  • Checking that passengers and crew are suitably dressed;
  • Checking that lifejackets are correctly donned;
  • Lowering of at least one lifeboat after any necessary preparation for
    launching;
  • Starting and operating the lifeboat engine;
  • Operation of davits used for launching liferafts;
  • A mock search and rescue of passengers trapped in their staterooms
  • Instruction in the use of radio life-saving appliances.
  • Emergency lighting for mustering and abandonment shall be tested at each abandon ship drill.
26
Q

Each enclosed space entry and rescue drill shall include:

A
  • Checking and use of personal protective equipment required for entry;
  • Checking and use of communication equipment and procedures;
  • Checking and use of instruments for measuring the atmosphere in enclosed spaces;
  • Checking and use of rescue equipment and procedures; and
  • Instructions in first aid and resuscitation techniques.
27
Q

Introductionary On-board training in the use of the ship’s life-saving appliances, including survival craft equipment, and in the use of the ship’s fire-extinguishing appliances shall-

A
  • Be given as soon as possible but not later than two weeks after a crew member joins the ship;
  • If the crew member is on a regularly scheduled rotating assignment to the ship, such training shall be given not later than two weeks after the time of first joining the ship;
  • Include instructions in the use of the ship’s fire-extinguishing appliances, lifesaving appliances, and in survival at sea, which shall be given at the same interval as the drills;
  • Incorporate individual instruction covering different parts of the ship’s lifesaving and fire-extinguishing appliances, such that all the ship’s life-saving and fire-extinguishing appliances shall be covered within any period of two months.
28
Q

Every crew member shall be given instructions which shall include but not necessarily be limited to- (LSA FFE Enclosed space)

A
  • The operation and use of the ship’s inflatable liferafts;
  • The problems of hypothermia, first-aid treatment for hypothermia and other appropriate first-aid procedures;
  • Any special instructions necessary for use of the ship’s life-saving appliances in severe weather and severe sea conditions;
  • The operation and use of fire-extinguishing appliances; and
  • Risks associated with enclosed spaces and onboard procedures for safe entry into such spaces which shall take into account, as appropriate, the guidance provided in recommendations developed by the IMO.
29
Q

What gets entered into the logbook

A

The Date and details of all drills held
Especially if not fully completed, along with an explanation of why, and to waht extent completed

30
Q

Whats in the Training Manual? Where is it?

A

In each Mess room or in each Cabin

Instruction and information, illustrated where possible, on the Use of all LSA provided by the Ship and the best methods of survival

31
Q

The Training Manual for abandon, The following shall be explained in detail:

A

Donning of lifejackets, immersoin suits,
Mustering at Muster Stations
Boarding, Launching and clearing of lifeboats/liferafts
launching from within the survival craft
Realease from launching apparatus
methods of use of protective equipment in launching areas
illumination of launch area

32
Q

Content of Muster Lists

A

The muster list shall specify detail of the general alarm signal and also the action to be taken by crew and passengers when the alarm is sounded. The list will specify how the order to abandon ship will be given

33
Q

The muster list shall show the duties assigned to different members of the crew including:

A
  • Closing of watertight doors, fire doors, valves, scuppers, sidescuttles,
    skylights, portholes and other similar openings in the ship;
  • The equipping of survival craft and other life-saving appliances;
  • The preparation and launching of survival craft;
  • The general preparations of other life-saving appliances;
  • The muster of passengers;
  • The use of communication equipment;
  • Manning of fire parties to deal with fires;
  • Special duties assigned in respect of the use of fire fighting equipment and installations
34
Q

Operational Readiness: Before the ship leaves port…

A

Before the ship leaves port at at all times during the voyage, All life saving appliances shall be in working order and ready for immediate use

35
Q

Weekly Tests and inspections, the following tests and inspections shall be carried out weekly and a report on them entered into the logbook

A

Weekly test of the General Alarm

All survival craft, Rescue Boats and Launching appliances shall be visually inspected to ensure that they are ready for use, including:
*Condition of Hooks
*Their attachment to the lifeboat
*And on load release hooks have been properly reset
*Engines shall be run for 3 minutes, gear box tested and working

36
Q

Monthly Tests and inspections: the following tests and inspections shall be carried out monthly and a report on them entered into the logbook

A

All LSA should be tested and checked monthly using the checklist including;
the Lifeboat, except free fall lifeboats, shall be turned out from their stowed positions, without persons on board, if conditions allow

37
Q

Every inflatable liferaft, inflatable lifejacket, marine evacuation system and inflated rescue boat shall be serviced-

A
  • At intervals not exceeding 12 months, provided where in any case this is
    impracticable, the Administration may extend this period to 17 months; and
  • At an approved servicing station which is competent to service them,
    maintains proper servicing facilities and uses only properly trained
    personnel.
38
Q

Instructions for on-board maintenance of life-saving appliances shall be easily understood, illustrated wherever possible, and, as appropriate, shall include the following for each appliance-

A
  • A checklist for use when carrying out the inspections
  • Maintenance and repair instructions;
  • A schedule of periodic maintenance;
  • A diagram of lubrication points with the recommended lubricants;
  • A list of replaceable parts;
  • A list of sources of spare parts; and
  • A log for records of inspections and maintenance.
39
Q

Actions for Abandoning from the bridge according to Bridge Procedures Guide

A

Broadcast DISTRESS message on authority of the Master
Instruct crew to don lifejackets and immersion suits as appropriate
Muster crew at lifeboat stations
Prepare LSA for launch
Collect and prepare EPIRB, SART and SOLAS radios
Embark and launch life-saving appliances
Ensure lifeboats and liferafts remain in close proximity to ship and in contact with each other
Activate EPRIB and SART

40
Q

How would you know a new piece of LSA or Nav equipment was fit for purpose?

A

Check the Marine Equipment Database from the MCA

The Black Ensign logo in the UK, British conformity mark
Or Wheel Logo - Marine Equipment Directive

41
Q
A

Oral prep flash cards (35 decks)

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