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NMSK B Test 1 > LG2.5 Vasculature of the Nervous System > Flashcards

LG2.5 Vasculature of the Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Where do the cerebral arteries ascend through?

A

Transverse foramina

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2
Q

What do the vertebral arteries become when they pass through the transverse foramina after fusing?

A

Basilar artery

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3
Q

What arteries come of the internal carotid artery?

A

Anterior cerebral
Anterior communicating
Middle cerebral

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4
Q

What arteries come of the vertebral artery?

A

Basilar
Posterior cerebral
Posterior communicating

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5
Q

Where does the Anterior Cerebral Artery supply?

A

Supply most medial surface & deep structures, leg motor area.

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6
Q

Where does the Middle Cerebral Artery supply?

A

-Supply most lateral surface & deep structures, all motor areas except leg area

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7
Q

What is the ICA?

A

Internal Carotid Artery

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8
Q

Where does the ICA enter the skull?

A

Carotid canal

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9
Q

What is the pathway of the ICA after entering the skull?

A

Carotid canal to foramen lacerum

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10
Q

What are the three parts of the ICA?

A

Petrous. Cavernous, Cerebral

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11
Q

What artery is the most commonly affected in strokes is?

A

Middle carotid artery

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12
Q

What is a Saccular (berry) aneurysm?

A

Injury or clots in arteries of the Circle of Willis can result in neurological deficit or cranial nerve symptoms

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13
Q

What is the first branch off of the ICA after entering the cavernous sinus?

A

Ophthalmic artery

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14
Q

What does the ICA terminate into?

A

Anterior and middle cerebral arteries

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15
Q

What is the only artery supply to the retina?

A

opthalmic artery

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16
Q

Which nerve can affect or be affected by the ophthalmic artery?

A

CN II

17
Q

What are possible signs of a ACA stroke?

A
  • Sensorimotor deficits in contralateral foot & leg
  • Urinary incontinence
  • Contralateral frontal lobe signs
18
Q

What are signs of MCA?

A
  • Severe sensorimotor deficits in contralateral face & upper limb
  • With dominant hemisphere involvement –>global aphasia (left side blowout; written & spoken language)
  • With non dominant hemisphere –> neglect syndrome or amorphosynthesis
19
Q

Where do the pontine arteries go to?

A

to the pons

20
Q

What is the cerebral artery syndrome for ACA?

A
  • Occlusion distal to the ACOM

- Contralateral Hemiparesis and hemisensory loss, mainly leg and foot

21
Q

What is the cerebral artery syndrome for MCA?

A
  • Contralateral hemiparesis
  • Hemisensory loss, mainly face arm
  • Aphasia (dominant hemisphere)
22
Q

What is the cerebral artery syndrome for PCA?

A
  • Visual agnosia
  • Contralateral homonymous
  • Hemianopia, contralateral sensory
  • Loss (thalamus)
23
Q

What is the cerebral artery syndrome for the internal carotid?

A
  • May be well compensated

- Similar to MCA

24
Q

What are the expected neurological defects if the dominant hemisphere (usually left) is involved?

A
  • right hemiparesis
  • right hemisensory loss
  • left gaze preference
  • right visual field cut
  • Aphasia may result
25
Q

What are the expected neurological defects if the non-dominant hemisphere (usually right) is involved?

A
  • left hemiparesis
  • left hemisensory loss
  • Right gaze preference
  • Left visual field cut may result.
  • There may also be neglect when the patient has a left-sided hemi-inattention and ignores the left side.
26
Q

What are the expected neurological deficits if the cerebellum is involved?

A
  • Unilateral limb ataxia
  • Incoordination or gait ataxia
  • vertigo
27
Q

What supplies the posterior portion of the spine?

A
  • 2 posterior spinal arteries

- Suplies 1/3 of SC

28
Q

What supplies the anterior portion of the spinal cord?

A
  • 1 anterior spinal artery

- supplies 2/3 of spinal cord

29
Q

Where do the spinal arteries normally arise from?

A

vertebral arteries

30
Q

What happens with vertebral-basilar artery occlusion?

A
  • Supply all parts of the posterior cranial fossa, and contribute to PCA
  • Ipsilateral pain/temp loss face
  • Contralateral loss of body pain/face
  • Homonymous hemianopia (occipital lobe)
  • Ipsilateral loss of gag reflex, dysphagia, and hoarseness.
31
Q

What are the effects if you have a stroke in the anterior spinal artery?

A
  • Total motor paralysis and dissociated sensory loss below the level of the lesion.
  • Sensory loss is dissociated, loss of pain and temperature, but position and vibration sense is intact.
32
Q

Which sins us may mimic or cause ear pain?

A

Transverse sinus

NMSK B Test 1 (27 decks)

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