LG 1.13 Early Development of the Nervous System

Question 1

What happens at day 16-18?

Answer 1

Formation of neural plate

Question 2

What happens at day 19-20?

Answer 2

Neural folds elevate

Question 3

What happens at day 21-24?

Answer 3

Fusion of neural folds

Question 4

What happens at day 25?

Answer 4

Cranial neuropore closes

Question 5

What happens at day 27?

Answer 5

caudal neuropore closes

Question 6

How does the ventricular system develop?

Answer 6

From the single cavity formed from the hollow neural tube

Question 7

When is embryonic CSF formed?

Answer 7

Week 5

Question 8

What does the neural tube give rise to (general)?

Answer 8

CNS

Question 9

What happens during gastrulation?

Answer 9

Converts the bilaminar embryo to a trilaminar embryo

Question 10

Where does the notochord form?

Answer 10

On the midline of the mesoderm

Question 11

What does the notochord induce growth of?

Answer 11

Neural plate

Question 12

What is Neurulation?

Answer 12

Folding of neural plate in to a closed tube of ectoderm

Question 13

What results from failure to close anterior neuropore?

Answer 13

• Anencephaly

- Failure to develop brain, cranial vault

Question 14

What is spina bifida?

Answer 14

• Results from incomplete closer of the embryonic neural tube.
• Usually sacrolumbar

Question 15

What are the types of Spina bifida?

Answer 15

• Meningocele: protrusion of meninges
• Meningomyelocele: protrusion of meninges and spinal cord
• Rachischisis: open neural tube

Question 16

What is one method of preventing neural tube defects?

Answer 16

Folic acid

Question 17

When does Segmentation of the CNS happen?

Answer 17

4th week, 3 primary brain vesicles are formed

Question 18

When does myelination begin?

Answer 18

3rd trimester and continues after birth

Question 19

When does the most brain growth occur?

Answer 19

After birth

Question 20

What does the prosencephalon give rise to?

Answer 20

• Telencephalon

- Diencephalon

Question 21

What does the mesencephalon give rise to?

Answer 21

Mesencephalon

Question 22

What does the Rhombencephalon give rise to?

Answer 22

Metencephalon and mylencephalon

Question 23

What does the telencephalon become?

Answer 23

Cerebral hemispheres

Question 24

What does the diencephalon become?

Answer 24

Thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 25

What does the mesencephalon become?

Answer 25

midbrain

Question 26

What does the met encephalon become?

Answer 26

pons and cerebellum

Question 27

What does the mylencephalon become?

Answer 27

medulla

Question 28

What does the myelon become?

Answer 28

spinal cord

Question 29

What 3 layers does the neural tube form?

Answer 29

1) Ventricular Layer
2) Mantle Layer (Gray matter)
3) Marginal Layer (white matter)

Question 30

What arises from the neural crest?

Answer 30

• Cranial and sensory ganglia and nerves
• Medulla of suprarenal gland
• Pigment cells
• Pharyngeal arch cartilages
• Head mesenchyme and connective tissue
• Bulbar and truncal ridges in heart

Question 31

What is Hirschsprung’s disease?

Answer 31

• results from a failure of neural crest migration
• congenital aganglionic megacolon
• newborn has constipation without physical obstruction
• absence of ganglia in lower colon
• caused by mutation in several genes