Lesson Seven: Pattern Games (LG) and Rule Substitution Questions (LG)

Question 1

–LOGIC GAMES: Pattern Games–

Question 2

Pattern Games

Answer 2

Variation of a Linear Game

Very similar to linear games we’ve studied thus far.

• Governs the the actions of all variables.

(unlike linear games, which’s rules govern a specific variable like most standard linear games).

Question 3

From the rules governing the actions of _____ variables, we start to see deep-seated ____________ in the game, BUT these _____________ don’t create _______-____ information that can be used in the diagram.

Answer 3

all; patterns; patterns; set-up

Question 4

Pattern games, unlike most linear games, don’t offer information that __________ or __________ variables in the diagram, and no _______-______ can be made. Because of this, the majority of questions in pattern games are _________, and provide any specific information lacking in the rules.

Answer 4

fixes; places; not-laws; local

Question 5

How To Identify Pattern Games:

1. The game is ____________ based, and oftentimes contains ______________ stacks.

Answer 5

linear; multiple

Question 6

How To Identify Pattern Games:

2. The rules don’t usually name individual ______________ they just govern the ____________ of _____________.

Answer 6

variables; actions; variables

Question 7

How To Identify Pattern Games:

3. The game doesn’t have any _________ or ________ variables on the ____________, such that these games can be set up in a relatively short time.

Answer 7

fixed; set; diagram

Question 8

How To Identify Pattern Games:

4. The majority of questions are __________, NOT _________.

Answer 8

local; global

Question 9

How to Attack Pattern Games:

1. Don’t panic just because you have an __________ diagram. As we discussed, the game doesn’t have any _________, or _________ variables, and because the majority of your questions are __________, the questions will help _____ in the diagram as you go along.

Answer 9

empty; fixed; set; local; fill

Question 10

How to Attack Pattern Games:

2. Make sure you have a _________ understanding of the ________; IT’S ALL YOU HAVE TO RELY ON.

Answer 10

full; questions

Question 11

How to Attack Pattern Games:

3. If you find yourself struggling, move to one of the __________ questions: “Which one of the following is an appropriate list of the variables in order from first to last?”

Answer 11

list

Question 12

How to Attack Pattern Games:

4. If you still find yourself struggling, make one or two ____________ on your diagram in accordance with the __________, and gain insight into they interact with the ____________.

Answer 12

hypotheticals; rules; variables

Question 13

How to Attack Pattern Games:

5. If your still facing difficulty at this point, seek out the _____________ questions with the _____________ amount of _____________. Use those questions to create more _____________. Use these _______________ to attack other questions when applicable.

Answer 13

local; greatest; information; hypotheticals; hypotheticals

Question 14

Pattern Game Example:
Game #3: Questions 1-7

The population of a small country is organized into five clans –N, O, P, S, T. Each year exactly three of the five clans participate in the annual harvest ceremonies. The rules specifying the order of participation of the clans in the ceremonies are as follows:

• Each clan must participate at least once in any two consecutive years.
• No clan participates for three consecutive years.
• Participation takes place in cycles, with each cycle ending when each of the five clans has participated three times. Only then does a new cycle begin.
• ## No clan participates more than three times within any cycle.

Get a listing of your variables

Identify your rules that govern the actions of all variables.

Create a diagram

Find your patterns.

Answer 14

Variable Listing: N O P S T

Diagramming:
- Participating in the harvest ceremonies, for which 3 of the 5 clans do, takes place during a cycle.

• A full cycle is completed once each of the 5 clans participates in the ceremony 3 times (not consecutively). They may participate in the ceremonies to two consecutive years, but NOT 3.
• Remember, each year a harvest ceremony takes place. In one year, exactly 3 clans will participate. The cycle concludes once all 5 clans participate. This means all clans have to participate within 15 times. The only way we can get 15 slots, and 3 slots per year is if we have 5 years as our base.
  _ _ _ _ _
  _ _ _ _ _
  _ _ _ _ _
  1 2 3 4 5

Patterns:
- The rules tell us each clan must participate in any two consecutive years.

• No clan participates for three consecutive years.
• No clan participates more than three times within any cycle.
• with this in mind, we can create some patterns that each of the variables will follow (we don’t know which ones btw):

Pattern #1: 1-2-4
Pattern #2: 1-3-4
Pattern #3: 1-3-5
Pattern #4: 2-3-5
Pattern #5: 2-4-5

Question 15

–LOGIC GAMES: Rule Substitution Questions–

Question 16

Rule Substitution Questions

Answer 16

Questions that have a suspension and justify component.

These questions asks you to suspend on the rules of the game (hence, the suspension portion), and implement a new rule in it’s place that has the same effect as the suspended rule (hence, the justify portion).

Question 17

How to Recognize Games Containing Rule Substitution Questions:

Answer 17

• There pretty easy to recognize

1) There was always going to be the last question in a game.

2) The question itself will pretty straightforwardly ask you to suspend one of the existing rules, and find the answer choice that substitutes the suspended rule while maintaining the same effect as the one being eliminated.

Ex. “Which one of the following, if substituted for the condition that Ronald must sing with Lucinda, would have the same effect in determining the pairings of the singers?”

Question 18

How to Solve Rule Substitution Questions:

Step 1: Isolate the rule being replaced and analyze it’s effects.

The goal here, is to replace a rule perfectly, as though it was never _____________ in the first place. To do this, you want to figure out the _________ this rule had on other ___________ in the game, and you want to identify the ___________ of the rule itself: was it a ___________ rule? ___________ rule? ____________ rule?

Answer 18

suspended; effects; variables; nature; block; conditional; sequence

Question 19

How to Solve Rule Substitution Questions:

Step 2: Identify the rules and restrictions related to the rule in question (the one being suspended) and the variables involved in those rules:

The rule being specified in the question stem will reference at least one ___________ and corresponding _________ (slot) or ___________ (the group this variable is in). Examine those _____________ and __________ for any related rules or inferences.

Answer 19

variable; spaces; group; variables; spaces

Question 20

How to Solve Rule Substitution Questions:

Step 3: Move to the answer choice, and examine each answer choice to see whether your ___________ answer choices’ __________ perfectly match those of the _____________ rule.

Answer 20

chosen; effects; suspended

Question 21

Recognizing Incorrect Answer Choices:

1. Rearrangement:

These are answer choices that have the same __________ and _________ from the ____________ rule, but ___________ the relationship of those variables

Answer 21

variables; effects; rearranges

Question 22

Recognizing Incorrect Answer Choices:

2. Partial Match:

These are answer choices that present new substitution rules that share only _________ of the effects from the ___________ rule, BUT NOT _____ OF THEM. Tempting but wrong.

Ex. “Abigal plays after Eduardo, but Abigal does not play fifth.”

Based on this rule, what would a wrong answer choice look like?

Answer 22

Some; suspended; ALL

Well, the example displays two parts of the rule:

Abigal plays after Eduardo
AND
Abigal does not play 5th.

Based on this, a wrong answer choice would only take 1 part of this rule into consideration (NOT BOTH).

Question 23

Recognizing Incorrect Answer Choices:

3. Additional Effects:

These are answer choices that are opposite Partial Match answers. These answer choices not only have substitution rules that fulfill ______ of the effects of the ____________ rule, but say _____________ than what the _____________ rule originally said.

Ex. “H cannot be selected to perform with the first group.”
Based on this rule, what would a wrong answer choice look like?

Answer 23

all; suspended; MORE; suspended

The rule just says H can’t be in Group 1. That’s it. So a wrong answer would likely ALSO say H cannot perform in another group (or groups).

Question 24

Recognizing Incorrect Answer Choices:

4. Shell Game:

These are answer choices that present a substitution rule that leads to the same ____________ as the _____________ rule, but the connections between ___________ to achieve that same effect is wrong.

Answer choices whose variables, when configured properly, could lead to the right answer (same effect as suspended rule), but connected variables improperly.

Answer 24

effect; suspended; variables

Question 25

Correct Answer Choice Types

1. Restatement:

The correct answer choice should merely _________ what the ____________ rule says (and lead to the same effect), but in _____________ words.

Ex. “Linear game features six variables–A, B, C, D, E, and F. Not ties are possible.”

Original Rule: A and B must arrive earlier than C.

Restatement of Rule: Every variable except D, E, and F must arrive earlier than C.

Answer 25

restate; suspended; different

Question 26

Correct Answer Choice Types

2. Rule-to-Rule Connections:

When ____________ contained in the __________ rule are connected to another rule (substitution rule) that contains the __________ elements.

Ex.
Scenario Synopsis: Linear games featuring 6 variables–P, Q, R, S, T, and U. No ties are possible.

Original Rules:
- P and Q must perform consecutively.
- P must perform earlier than R.

Question: Provide a substitute for the second rule “P must perform earlier than R.”

Correct Answer: Q must perform earlier than R.

(Make sure you understand this example).

This correct answer type REALLY requires that you understand the Second Step on How to Solve Substitution Questions: “Identify the rules and restrictions related to the rule in question and the VARIABLES INVOLVED IN THOSE RULES.”

And again this goes back to the understanding the nature of the rules; in this case you had a BLOCK RULE and SEQUENCE RULE, the block rule which you used to your advantage to infer the sequence rule.

Answer 26

elements; original (to-be-suspended); same

Understanding Rationale:
- P and Q performing consecutively creates a block.
┍━─┓
┃PQ ┃
┗━─┛
or
┍━─┓
┃QP ┃
┗━─┛
- And right now the rule that will eventually be suspended, says P performs before R. If we suspend that rule, we could use Q (relying on the block rule), as the substitute for P, such that Q has to come before R.

Question 27

Correct Answer Choice Types

3. Rule-to-Inference Connections:

This answer choice works very much in the way that Rule-to-Rule answer choices work.

Elements in the _____________ rule connect to ____________ with the same elements.

Answer 27

original; infereces

Question 28

Correct Answer Choice Types

4. Consequence Connections:

Answer choices that have no immediate obvious ____________ to any of the variables included in the original rule. In answer choices like these it’s integral that you ____________ the ___________.

Ex.
Scenario:
Two meals are prepared: Lunch and Dinner.
5 Separate Main Ingredients: C, F, M, R, V
Each Ingredient used one time.
2 ingredients used at lunch, 3 used at dinner.

Rules:
F and M cannot be used in the same meal.
C and R must be used in the same meal.

Question:
Which one of the following, if substituted for the condition that chees and rice must be used in the same meal, would have the same effect in each determining which ingredients are used in each meal, WITHOUT MENTIONING CHEESE OR RICE!

• Diagram your rules.
• Set up a Diagram
• Hurdle the Uncertainty
• Give the Rule Substitution (Correct Answer is on the other side)

Answer 28

connection; Hurdle; Uncertainty

Rules:
F ←|→ M =
┍━─┓
┃ ̶F̶ ┃
┃ ̶M̶ ┃
┗━─┛
- This creates a dual option for F and M. Such that one and the other must be served in separate meals (F/M, M/F).

C ←→ R =
┍━─┓
┃ C ┃
┃ R ┃
┗━─┛

Diagram:
____
____ ____
____ ____
L D

             R   V             C  F/M       M/F   L            D

The rule currently in force is that C and R must be used in the same meal. We have to suspend this rule (not using C and R as apart of the rationale) and give a new rule that has the same effect.

So let’s say the CR/RC block was nonexistent, but you have to create a rule that has the effect of them being placed together.

We know the F/M M/F split dual options are staying right where they are. So the only other rule we could enforce that would have this effect is that “V must be selected for lunch.” That would automatically force C and R together.

Question 29

In some of these Rule Substitution questions, most correct answer choices include at least one the variables mentioned in the original rule and then add another variable(s) to the new rule being substituted in.

If you have a rule being replaced that links P and Q, the correct answer will typically include P, or Q, or both.