Lesson 8 - Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior Flashcards
What are the 5 stages of Eisenberg Prosocial Moral Reasoning?
- Hedonistic reasoning
- Needs-oriented
- Approval-Oriented
- Empathy- Oriented
- Internal Values Orientation
Describe the stage of Prosocial Moral Reasoning. Hedonistic Reasoning
- Considering one’s own interests/needs
- Preschool
Describe the stage of Prosocial Moral Reasoning. Needs-Oriented
- Orientation to the physical material psychological needs of the other person.
- Early elementary
Describe the stage of Prosocial Moral Reasoning. Approval-Oriented
- Orientation to others’ approval and acceptance in deciding what is the correct behaviour
- Early elementary
Describe the stage of Prosocial Moral Reasoning. Empathy-Oriented
- Sympathetic concern and caring for others.
- Older elementary and some high school
Describe the stage of Prosocial Moral Reasoning. Internal Values Oriented.
Orientation to an internalized responsibility, duty, or need uphold the law and accepted norms or values.
- High School
How can we encourage prosocial behaviour?
- Modelling
- Teach directly about positive social behaviours
- Reinforcement of the prosocial act
- Provide opportunities for learning tolerance and cooperation
- Develop social and cognitive skills
What are the components of fairness?
Equality
Merit
Benevolence
Describe equality (fairness)
Everyone is treated the same
Describe merit (fairness)
Giving extra rewards to hard work, skillful perfomance
Describe benevolence (fairness)
Giving special consideration to individuals in disadvantaged conditions.
What are the types of antisocial behavior?
Aggression
Conduct Disorder
Juvenile Delinquency
Lying
What are the types of aggression?
Overt/Direct Aggression
Covert/Indirect Aggression
What is overt/direct aggression?
Hitting, pushing, insulting others
What is covert/indirect aggression?
Social exclusion
Spreading rumors
How does overt/direct aggression develops?
Starts at 14-18 months
- More seen in males
- Levels of physical aggression peak at 20 months and decline after
- Levels of physical aggression decrease in childhood, and increase somewhat in adolescence, and decrease in adulthood.
Hoe does covert/indirect aggression develop?
Starts at 3 yo
- Increases mid-adolescence
- More common in girls
- Mean kids become mean adults
How can aggression be reduced?
- Address anger
- Cognitive methods of coping
- Teach adaptive ways of interaction
- Skills at perspective-taking and empathy
- Problem-solving skills
- Target all children
What is conduct disorder?
Age-inappropriate action and attitudes that violate family expectations, society’s norms, and the personal rights of others.
Much more common in boys
- Impulsive
- Overactive
- Aggressive
- Engage in delinquent actions
What are the risk factors of conduct disorder?
- Genetic inheritance of difficult temperament
- Ineffective parenting
- Living in a neighbourhood where violence is common
- Ineffective schools
What are the protective factors against growth in adolescent conduct problems?
- School connectedness or school belonging
- Effective treatment (addressing multiple factors and carried out be family members, school staff, juvenile office, and everyone in the child’s life)
What is Juvenile Delinquency?
A great variety of behaviours by an adolescent, ranging from unacceptable to breaking the law.
What is an index offence?
Criminal acts, such as robbery, sexual assault, homicide (juveniles or adults)
What is a status offence?
Juvenile offences performed by youth under a specified age that are not as serious as index offences. (underage drinking, truancy, sexual promiscuity)
