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Pelvic Pathology > Lesson 6 (Part 3) > Flashcards

Lesson 6 (Part 3) Flashcards

1
Q

How long does it take for functional cysts to resolve?

A

Within 1 to 2 menstrual cycles

- follow up with US in 6 weeks

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2
Q

What are US limitations for cysts?

A

Can be difficult to detect small mural nodules

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3
Q

What is recommended if a cyst is > 7cm? (2)

A
  1. Surgery

2. MRI

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4
Q

Ovarian Remnant Syndrome

A

Patient has undergone a bilateral oophorectomy and a cystic mass may develop due to residual tissue left behind

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5
Q

What can ovarian remnant syndrome cause? (2)

A
  1. Pelvic pain

2. Compression of distal ureter

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6
Q

What does ovarian remnant syndrome look like on US? (4)

A
  1. Small to large cysts
  2. Simple to complex
  3. Thin rim of ovarian tissue
  4. Looks like 2 different levels of fluids
    - based on densities
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7
Q

Surface Epithelial Inclusion Cysts

A

Are nonfunctional cysts that are usually in postmenopausal women

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8
Q

Where are surface epithelial inclusion cysts located?

A

On the periphery

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9
Q

What do surface epithelial inclusion cysts look like on US? (5)

A
  1. Tiny
  2. Sometimes punctate foci
  3. Can grow to several cms
  4. Not likely but can hemorrhage
  5. Nonfunctional
    - doesnt change with the cycle
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10
Q

What are 3 examples of extraovarian cysts?

A
  1. Paraovarian Cysts
  2. Paratubal Cysts
  3. Peritoneal Inclusion Cysts
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11
Q

Peritoneal Inclusion Cysts

A

Fluid accumulates within adhesions separate from ovary

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12
Q

What percentage do paraovarian and paratubual cysts make up of all adnexal masses?

A

10-20%

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13
Q

What is the most common age group for paraovarian and paratubual cysts?

A

30-40

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14
Q

Are paraovarian and paratubual cysts symptomatic or asymptomatic?

A

Asymptomatic

- typically small

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15
Q

Where are paraovarian and paratubual cysts located?

A

In the broad ligament

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16
Q

What do paraovarian and paratubual cysts look like on US? (3)

A
  1. Anechoic
  2. Can have internal echoes within
  3. Do not change with cycle
    - nonfunctional
17
Q

Peritoneal Inclusion Cysts

A

Benign cystic mesothelioma or benign encysted fluid

18
Q

Who do peritoneal inclusion cysts occur in?

A

Premenopausal women

19
Q

What kind of patient history do you need with peritoneal inclusion cysts? (4)

A
  1. Abdominal surgery
  2. Trauma
  3. PID
  4. Endometriosis
20
Q

What does endometriosis cause? (2)

A
  1. Pain

2. Scarring

21
Q

What does fluid accumulation in adhesion do?

A

Entraps the ovary

22
Q

What is treatment for peritoneal inclusion cysts? (2)

A
  1. Suppression with oral contraceptives

2. Fluid aspiration

23
Q

What does peritoneal inclusion cysts look like on US? (3)

A
  1. Multiloculated cystic adnexal masses
  2. Bizarre shape
  3. Presence of an intact ovary amid septations and fluid
24
Q

What are differential diagnosis for peritoneal inclusion cysts? (2)

A
  1. Paraovarian

2. Hydrosalpinx

25
Q

What are 3 paraovarian characteristics?

A
  1. Usually round or ovoid
  2. Not associated with surgery, infection or trauma,
  3. Separate from ovary
26
Q

What are 3 hydrosalpinx characteristics?

A
  1. Tubular or ovoid structure
  2. Visible folds
  3. Ovary is outside
27
Q

When should a premenopausal women get a follow up on asymptomatic Adnexal Cysts? (2)

A
  1. Simple or hemorrhagic 3-5 cm

2. Recommended follow up >5cm in 6 weeks

28
Q

When should a post menopausal women get a follow up on asymptomatic Adnexal Cysts? (2)

A
  1. When cysts are >1cm

2. Yearly

29
Q

What are 4 examples of Pregnancy-Associated Ovarian Lesions?

A
  1. Hyperstimulated Ovaries
    - theca luteal cysts
  2. Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
  3. Hyperreactio luteinalis
  4. Luteoma
    - rare

Pelvic Pathology (21 decks)

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