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Biology Yr9 > Lesson 5: Food groups and tests > Flashcards

Lesson 5: Food groups and tests Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 main food groups?

A
  • Carbohydrates
  • Proteins
  • Fats
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2
Q

What are the 2 forms carbohydrates come in?

A
  • Starch (made up of glucose)
  • Sugar (made up of sucrose)
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3
Q

Where are carbohydrates found?

What are they needed for?

A
  • Found in pasta and bread

- Needed for energy (for chemical reactions and movement.)

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4
Q

Where are proteins found?

What are they needed for?

A
  • Found in meat and beans

- Needed for growth and repair

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5
Q

Where are fats/lipids found?

What are they needed for?

A
  • Found in cheese and oils

- Needed for energy (long- term store.)
- Insulate body
- Protect organs

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6
Q

How do you test for starch?

A
  • To test for starch use Iodine.
  • Add iodine to food sample in spotting tile.
  • If starch is present, iodine turns from orange-> blue/black
  • If starch isn’t present, there is no change.
  • As a safety pecaution, wear goggles.
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7
Q

How do you test for sugar?

A
  • To test for sugar use Benedict’s solution.
  • Add food solution to test tube - - Add drops of benedict’s solution and heat in water bath for 5 mins. (from kettle.)
  • If sugar is present, Benedict’s turns from blue-> red
  • If sugar isn’t present, there is no change.
  • As a safety precaution, wear goggles.
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8
Q

How do you test for protein?

A
  • To test for protein use Biuret’s solution
  • Add food to testube of Biuret and shake.
  • If protein is present, Biuret’s wil turn from Blue -> purple/ lilac colour
  • If protein isn’t present, there is no change.
  • As a safety precaution, wear goggles.
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9
Q

How do you test for lipids/ fats?

A
  • To test for lipids/ fats use ethanol + water.
  • Add food solution to testube
  • Add few drops of ethanol.
  • Add a few drops of distilled water
  • Shake solution gently.
  • If fat is present, ethanol + water will change from clear and colourless to cloudy white.
  • If fat isn’t present, there is no change.
  • As a safety precaution, wear goggles.
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10
Q

Where is water found?

What is water needed for?

A

Found in normal drinking water/ fruits.
Needed for:
- Regulate temperature
- Chemical reactions
- Replace water that is wasted by sweating, breathing, urinating.
- Carry substances around body
- Remove waste substances

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11
Q

What is the difference between fats and lipids?

A
  • Fats don’t include liquids
  • Lipids include liquids
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12
Q

True or False…

Glucose/ sucrose are complex carbs.

A
  • False. They are simple molecules (monomers.)
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13
Q

What is the best way to prepare a food sample?

A

1.) Grind food with pestle and mortar
2.) Add distilled water in excess
3.) Filter the solution to remove food.

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14
Q

What is a qualitative test?

A

One that is based on observing changes.
No numbers

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15
Q

What are the 3 different colours Benedict’s can change?

What do these mean?

A

1.) Green = small amount of sugar
2.) Yellow = quite a bit of sugar
3.) Brick- Red = A lot of sugar present

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16
Q

Give 1 disadvantage of these Food Tests.

A
  • Can’t tell exact amount of food.
17
Q

True or False. Benedict’s solution works for all sugars.

A
  • False. Benedict’s only works for reducing sugars.
18
Q

Give an example of a reducing sugar.

A
  • Glucose.
19
Q

Give an example of a non- reducing sugar.

A
  • Sucrose
20
Q

For which food test do we not filter out the food particles when preparing the sample?

WHY??

A
  • Lipids

Lipid molecules will stick to filter paper so you won’t see any change.

21
Q

Give a MAJOR safety precaution when working with ethanol.

A
  • Ethanol is highly flammable
  • Make sure no naked flames are present
22
Q

Q: Suggest an appropraite piece of equipment you can use to measure small volumes of reagants precisely.

A
  • Measuring cylinder
23
Q

What is a safety precaution for all chemicals used?

A
  • Wear goggles, irritants.
24
Q

What do you do differently when you test for lipids than the others?

A
  • Don’t filter out solution of food + distilled water.
  • Lipid molecules bind to paper.
25
Q

Q.)

Give 1 other use of glucose in the body other than respiration.

A
  • Converted into glycogen.
26
Q

fWhy is Biuret’s solution dangerous?

A
  • Copper sulphate: poisonous
  • Sodium hydroxide: corrosive.

Biology Yr9 (20 decks)

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