Cells Flashcards
What are cells?
Cells are the basic building blocks of life.
What are eukaryotic cells and give an example?
Eukaryotic cells are ones with a nucleus.
Example: Animal cell.
What are prokaryotic cells and give an example?
Prokaryotic cells are ones without a nucleus.
Example: Bacterial cell.
What is the function of the flagellum?
The Flagellum can move in a whipped-like motion to move the bacterial cell.
What is the single DNA loop?
Single DNA loop is found loose in the cytoplasm of a bacterial cell.
What is plasmid DNA?
Plasmid DNA are small rings in the cytoplasm of a bacterial cell. The DNA isn’t essential but is useful to the cell.
What is the function of the cell wall in a bacterial cell?
The cell wall is made of chitin which provides structure and protection to the bacterial cell.
What is the function of the nucleus?
The nucleus contains genetic information and controls activity inside the cell.
What is the function of the chloroplast?
The chloroplast contains chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
What is the function of the cell wall in a plant cell?
The cell wall is made from cellulose to strengthen and support the cell.
What is the function of the mitochondria?
The mitochondria is where aerobic respiration takes place.
Energy is released here
What is the function of the cell membrane?
The cell membrane controls what enters and exits the cell.
permeable for some but not all substances
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
The cytoplasm is a jelly-like structure where most chemical reactions take place. It contains dissolved ions and nutrients.
What is the function of the ribosomes?
The ribosomes are where proteins are synthesized( made.)
What is a tissue?
A tissue is a group of cells with a similar structure and function.
What is an organ?
An organ is a group of different tissues that carry out a particular function.
What is an organ system?
An organ system is a group of organs combined to carry out a particular function.
What is the function of the “vacuole”?
- Filled will cell cap(salt + sugar solutions) to make plant turgid.
What is in cell cap?
Cell cap has salt + sugar solutions.
What is the “flagella” in a bacterial cell?
- The flagella is a protein strand that moves the cell along.
True or False. An animal cell is smaller than a bacterial cell.
False. Bacterial cells are much smaller.
Bacteria = size of mitochondria
What is the flagellum made of?
- The flaggelum is a PROTEIN strand
Q.)
Explain why bone marrow can be called a tissue.
Bone marrow is a group of cells.
Work together to produce blood cells.
Q.)
Multicellular organisms often have complex structures, such as lungs, for gas exchange.
Explain why single-celled organisms, like algae, do not need complex structures for gas exchange. (3)
- Have larger surface area to volume ratio.
- Shorter diffusion distance.
- Substances can simply diffuse via the cell membrane.
Q.)
Explain the advantages of red blood cells passing through a capillary one at a time.
- More oxygen released to tissues.
- Shorter diffusion distance
- More surface area is exposed.
