Cells

Question 1

What are cells?

Answer 1

Cells are the basic building blocks of life.

Question 2

What are eukaryotic cells and give an example?

Answer 2

Eukaryotic cells are ones with a nucleus.
Example: Animal cell.

Question 3

What are prokaryotic cells and give an example?

Answer 3

Prokaryotic cells are ones without a nucleus.
Example: Bacterial cell.

Question 4

What is the function of the flagellum?

Answer 4

The Flagellum can move in a whipped-like motion to move the bacterial cell.

Question 5

What is the single DNA loop?

Answer 5

Single DNA loop is found loose in the cytoplasm of a bacterial cell.

Question 6

What is plasmid DNA?

Answer 6

Plasmid DNA are small rings in the cytoplasm of a bacterial cell. The DNA isn’t essential but is useful to the cell.

Question 7

What is the function of the cell wall in a bacterial cell?

Answer 7

The cell wall is made of chitin which provides structure and protection to the bacterial cell.

Question 8

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 8

The nucleus contains genetic information and controls activity inside the cell.

Question 9

What is the function of the chloroplast?

Answer 9

The chloroplast contains chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.

Question 10

What is the function of the cell wall in a plant cell?

Answer 10

The cell wall is made from cellulose to strengthen and support the cell.

Question 11

What is the function of the mitochondria?

Answer 11

The mitochondria is where aerobic respiration takes place.
Energy is released here

Question 12

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 12

The cell membrane controls what enters and exits the cell.
permeable for some but not all substances

Question 13

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

Answer 13

The cytoplasm is a jelly-like structure where most chemical reactions take place. It contains dissolved ions and nutrients.

Question 14

What is the function of the ribosomes?

Answer 14

The ribosomes are where proteins are synthesized( made.)

Question 15

What is a tissue?

Answer 15

A tissue is a group of cells with a similar structure and function.

Question 16

What is an organ?

Answer 16

An organ is a group of different tissues that carry out a particular function.

Question 17

What is an organ system?

Answer 17

An organ system is a group of organs combined to carry out a particular function.

Question 18

What is the function of the “vacuole”?

Answer 18

• Filled will cell cap(salt + sugar solutions) to make plant turgid.

Question 19

What is in cell cap?

Answer 19

Cell cap has salt + sugar solutions.

Question 20

What is the “flagella” in a bacterial cell?

Answer 20

• The flagella is a protein strand that moves the cell along.

Question 21

True or False. An animal cell is smaller than a bacterial cell.

Answer 21

False. Bacterial cells are much smaller.
Bacteria = size of mitochondria

Question 22

What is the flagellum made of?

Answer 22

• The flaggelum is a PROTEIN strand

Question 23

Q.)

Explain why bone marrow can be called a tissue.

Answer 23

Bone marrow is a group of cells.
Work together to produce blood cells.

Question 24

Q.)

Multicellular organisms often have complex structures, such as lungs, for gas exchange.

Explain why single-celled organisms, like algae, do not need complex structures for gas exchange. (3)

Answer 24

• Have larger surface area to volume ratio.
• Shorter diffusion distance.
• Substances can simply diffuse via the cell membrane.

Question 25

Q.)

Explain the advantages of red blood cells passing through a capillary one at a time.

Answer 25

• More oxygen released to tissues.
• Shorter diffusion distance
• More surface area is exposed.