Lesson 3A (Part 1) Flashcards
What is used in many diagnostic procedures?
A contrast substance
- dye
Why is a constrast substance used?
To better define or delineate a structure
Where are contrast substances injected? (4)
- Bloodstream
- GI tract
- Joint spaces
- Spinal canal
Angiography
X-ray imaging of blood vessels (veins or arteries)
What does cerebral angiography visualize?
The blood vessels of the brain
What does coronary angiography visualize?
The blood vessels of the heart
What does arteriography visualize?
The peripheral arteries
- eg) legs and arms
Whats does venography visualize?
The veins
- looking for blood clots
What does arthography visualize?
The joint
- knees and shoulders are most common
What mixtures are in barium tests?
Barium sulfate
What does barium tests visualize? (4)
- Esophagus
- Stomach
- Small intestines
- Large intestines
What are barium tests primarily used for?
To rule out lesions, ulcers and filing defects
What is used in chest x-ray?
Ionizing radiation
What do x-rays visualize? (3)
- Lungs
- Heart
- Mediastinal strucutures
What are chest rays used to detect? (5)
- Large tumors
- Infections
- eg) pneumonia - Fluid accumulation
- eg) pleural effusions - Disease
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - Heart enlargement
CT
Computerized tomography
What do CT scans use?
A series of x-ray images to show organs in cross section
What do CT scans visualize? (4)
Structures in the…
- Head
- Chest
- Abdomen
- Pelvis
What can be assessed in CT scans? (3)
- Tumors
- Vascular abnormalities
- Injuries
Doppler ultrasound
Ultrasound used to measure blood flow within a vessel
What are 2 types of doppler ultrasound?
- Pulsed or continuous wave doppler
2. Colour doppler
Whats does doppler ultrasound use?
Duplex sonography
What makes up duplex sonography? (2)
- Gray scale
2. Doppler
What does doppler ultrasound visualize?
Vessels and measures blood flow within them
What does doppler ultrasound measure?
The reflected movements of red blood cells
What are common reasons to use doppler ultrasounds?
Blockages (stenosis) in arteries and blood clots (thrombus) in veins
