Lesson 29 Terms Flashcards
Albumin
manufactured in the liver and regulates the amount of water in your blood and tissues
Alveoli
the microscopic, balloon-like sacs lined with capillaries at the end of the smallest bronchioles
Aorta
the largest artery in the body that branches into smaller blood vessels
Aortic semilunar valve
allows blood to exit the left ventricle and enter the aorta
Arteries
carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
Atria
two thin-walled chambers serve as the entrances to the heart
A-V valves
allow the blood to flow from each atrium to the corresponding ventricle but do not allow blood to flow the opposite way
Bronchi
2 branches that lead from the trachea to each lung
Bronchioles
smallest branches of the bronchi
Capillaries
Smallest blood vessels
a) Separates their body cavity into the abdominal and thoracic cavities
b) When the diaphragm contracts, it expands the lungs and causes air to enter; when it relaxes, the lungs contract and air is exhaled
Diaphragm
Epiglottis
a flap of tissue that seals off the windpipe and prevents food from entering
Erythrocytes
red blood cells
External respiration
process of breathing in and out, oxygen and carbon dioxide being exchanged in the alveoli
Fibrinogen
manufactured in the liver and helps form blood clots
Gas transport
oxygen and carbon dioxide use the bloodstream as a transportation system to get where they need to go
Globulins
manufactured in the liver and lymph tissue and helps transport fats around the body and fight infection
Hemocytoblasts
stem cells
allows cells to carry oxygen throughout the body and remove carbon dioxide; found in the cytoplasm of red blood cells and is an iron-containing protein
Hemoglobin
Heart
a hollow, muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.
Internal respiration
when oxygen is transferred to the body cells and carbon dioxide waste is given to the red blood cells in return
Larynx
voice box
Leukocytes
white blood cells
Lung
main organs of the respiratory system
Nasal cavity
hollow space behind the nose
Pericardium
tough white sac that protects the heart
Pharynx
throat
Plasma
pale yellow liquid composed mostly of water containing dissolved nutrients, wastes, hormones, and 3 types of blood proteins
Platelets
thrombocytes
(1) Cell fragments formed in the bone marrow
(2) Help blood clot near wounds
Pleural membrane
a double membrane that lines the rib cage to prevent friction between the rib cage and lungs.
Pulmonary semilunar valve
allows blood to exit the right ventricle and enter the pulmonary arteries
Red blood cells
erythrocytes - make up 95% of the formed elements; carry oxygen
Septum
thick wall separating the atria and ventricles
undifferentiated cells
Stem cells
Trachea
windpipe
Thrombocytes
platelets;
(1) Cell fragments formed in the bone marrow
(2) Help blood clot near wounds
Veins
blood vessels that carry the deoxygenated blood toward the heart
Ventricle
two chambers found on the bottom of the heart
Ventricle
two chambers found on the bottom of the heart
