LESSON 2.2

Question 1

Acute bacterial cholangitis with ____ in 85% of cases

Answer 1

CBD stones

Question 2

other causes of Acute bacterial cholangitis (3)

Answer 2

stricture due to trauma or surgery
choledochal cyst
partial obstructive tumors

Question 3

clinical presentation of Acute bacterial cholangitis

Answer 3

classic charcots triad

Question 4

what is in classic charcots triad

Answer 4

fever, RUQ pain, Jaundice

Question 5

with Acute bacterial cholangitis there is _________ in blood

Answer 5

gram-negative enteric bacteria in blood

Question 6

sonographic findings of Acute bacterial cholangitis (6)

Answer 6

dialation of intrahepatic biliary tree 
choledocholithiasis- stones in distal CBD 
CBD wall thickening 
hepatic abbess 
dilated cbd
thickening of GB wall

Question 7

parasitic infection

Answer 7

flukes

Question 8

Types of flukes

Answer 8

fascioliasis
clonorchiasis/opisthorchiasis
ascariasis

Question 9

what is fascioliasis

Answer 9

larvae travel through bowel wall- peritoneal cavity into liver parenchyma
matures and produces eggs in biliary tree

Question 10

symptoms of fascioliasis relate to

Answer 10

biliary obstruction

Question 11

symptoms of fascioliasis are

Answer 11

jaundice, fever, abscess

Question 12

sonographic findings of fascioliasis

Answer 12

hepatomegaly, hilar adenopathy

Question 13

lesions of fascioliasis appear

Answer 13

hypoechoic or mixed echogenicity

Question 14

clonorchiasis/opisthorchiasis is when

Answer 14

larvae migrate through the ampulla of Vater into the CBD

mature within the intrahepatic ducts

Question 15

sonographic findings of clonorchiasis/opisthorchiasis (3)

Answer 15

diffuse dialation of peripheral intrahepatic ducts
periportal echoes
floating echogenic foci in GB (fluke or debris)

Question 16

ascariasis caused by ______ through _____

Answer 16

round worm through focal oral route

Question 17

who is ascariasis common in

Answer 17

children

Question 18

where is. ascariasis active

Answer 18

small bowel, enters biliary tree via ampulla of vater

Question 19

sonographic appearance of ascariasis

Answer 19

cooers as a tube or parallel echogenic line within bile ducts or GB
can see movement of worm

Question 20

recurrent pyogenic cholangitis is

Answer 20

put filled chronic biliary obstruction, stasis and stone formation

Question 21

sonographic findings of recurrent pyogenic cholangitis

Answer 21

left lateral lobe most often affected

acute: sepsis
chronic: biliary cirrhosis and cholangiocarcinoma