Lesson 14 C1700 - C1900 18th and 19th century Britain

Question 1

This period saw a change in attitudes towards ..

Answer 1

the purpose of punishment

Question 2

Changes during this period include ..

Answer 2

• Transportation stopped
• Public executions stopped
• Imprisonment was used as a method of punishment ( Increased )

Question 3

Timeline

Answer 3

C 1610 = Transportation to America begins
C 1776 = American war of independence stops transportation to USA
1787 - 1868 = Transportation to Australia starts and over 160,000 people transported
1822 = Last hanging for shoplifting
From 1840s = 90 new prisons built
1850s = Transportation slows down and eventually is abolished and Public executions stop. ( 1868 )

Question 4

Factors that changed views on the purpose of punishment

Answer 4

Rapid growing crime rates that led to GOV to increase the bloody code throughout 18th century. Number of capital crime reached a peak of 222 by 1810 = aim to deter people

• clear the aim to deter people was no working so a new strategy was needed
• idea that punishments should be about retribution and deterrence
• Rising feelings that punishment should be equal to the crime committed
• Corporal and Capital punishments were inhumane unless for a very severe crime
• Punishment should also be about rehabilitation for the offender

Question 5

What did the factors that changed views on the purpose of punishment eventually lead to ?

Answer 5

• decrease in use of death penalty + end of bloody code + increase in other forms of punishment :
  Firstly transportation then imprisonment

END OF TRANSPORTAION AND PUBLIC EXECUTION = 1868