lesson 1

Question 1

The simplest form of sentance in Latin includes…

Answer 1

A subject and a verb.

Question 2

what system does Latin use pertaining to endings of words? What are these called?

Answer 2

Latin uses a system that adds different endings onto certain words to make their function and meaning clearer.
Declensions.

Question 3

What is a verb?

Answer 3

A verb is a doing word which, expresses existence, action or occurrence. An example would be (is/hits/teaches)

Question 4

What is a noun?

Answer 4

A noun is a person, place, thing, idea or quality. An example would be (farmer/house/truth/Frank)

Question 5

What is an adjective

Answer 5

Modifies the meaning of noun or pronoun to specify quality. An example would be (large/old/true/good)

Question 6

What is an adverb?

Answer 6

An adverb usually modifies the verb, giving information about time, place, manner or degree. An example would be (today/often/here/well)

Question 7

What is a preposition?

Answer 7

Connects a noun or pronoun to another word in the sentance and shows the relationship between the two. An example would be (from/into/with/by)

Question 8

What is a pronoun?

Answer 8

A pronoun replaces a noun , refers to something without naming it. An example would be (he/who/it/this)

Question 9

What is a conjunction?

Answer 9

Connects words or groups of words. An example would be (and/but/if/when)

Question 10

What is an interjection?

Answer 10

It is an exclamation. An example would be (Oh! Alas/huh?)

Question 11

The subject of the sentance is…

Answer 11

the person or thing the sentance is about.

Question 12

To identify the subject….

Answer 12

…we use the verb of the sentance and ask, “Who/what……..s?”.

The answer will be the subject.

Question 13

What type of word is the subject of a sentance usually?

Answer 13

It is usually a noun or a pronoun.

Question 14

What type of word sets the pattern for the sentance?

Answer 14

the verb. This is why we ask the verb of the sentence to discover the subject. The meaning of the verb determines what items (item meaning what?) are necessary to complete the action it expresses. This allows you to know what other core items to expect.

Question 15

What is an intransitive sentence pattern?

Answer 15

The intransitive sentence pattern requires only a subject and a verb to express a complete thought.

E.e… the farmer works.

Subject = farmer
Verb = works

Question 16

What is a transitive verb?

Answer 16

Verbs that do not take a direct object are called transitive verbs.

Question 17

The transitive pattern…

Answer 17

requires a direct object to complete the action of the verb.

E.e…

The woman has a rose.

Subject = Woman
Verb = has
D.O = rose

Question 18

What are conjugations?

Answer 18

Verbs in latin fall into four regular groups called conjugations.
Each conjugation has a common set of endings, which are added to the stem of the verb

The second meaning of the word conjugation is a group of verbs which all have the same pattern of inflections.

Question 19

What is the purpose of verb conjugation?

Answer 19

Every verb has its base form, which you can also call its infinitive form. Generally, infinitive form is the to + verb base form. For example, the verb we will use below is the verb to work. Verb Conjugation means to change the verb from its infinitive form so that it matches with the subject in a sentence.

Question 20

What is meant by the stem of the verb?

Answer 20

Latin verbs have three stems: present stem (infectum), perfect stem (perfectum) and supine stem.

Question 21

What does the 1st conjugation mean?

Answer 21

The 1st Conjugation includes all verbs which add ā- to the root to form the Present stem, with a few whose root ends in a-. The verb amō love, is conjugated

Question 22

What is the difference between transitive/intransative sentence patterns?

Answer 22

Transative patterns require a direct object to complete the action of the verb, whereas intransitive patterns require only requires only a subject and a verb.

Question 23

Verbs in Latin fall into…

Answer 23

…4 different conjugations.

Question 24

How do conjugations work?

Answer 24

Each conjugation has a common set of endings, which are added to the stem of the verb.

Question 25

How do we determine conjugation?

Answer 25

You can recognise a verb’s conjugation based on its infinitive form.

Question 26

What is the verb stem?

Answer 26

The verb stem carries the meaning of the verb and a characteristic vowel.

Question 27

What is meant by (when talking about conjugation) common sets of endings?

Answer 27

The endings are called personal endings because they carry information about who the subject of the verb is.

These endings are traditionally identified by person (first, second, third) and number (singular, plural)

Question 28

What to look for when we are looking at conjugations?

Answer 28

Common sets of endings

the stem of the verb

Meaning of the verb

Characteristic vowel

Personal endings

information about who the subject of the verb is

Question 29

What is finite form?

Answer 29

Verb forms with personal endings are called finite forms, because they are limited by identifying the subject.

Question 30

What are characteristics that verbs are identified by?

Answer 30

Tense - when an action happens (past/present)

Voice - whether the subject is doing the action (active_ or receiving (passive)

Mood - whether the verb is a simple statement or question (indicative), or a command (imperative)

Question 31

What is meant by present active indicative?

Answer 31

They are verb forms

Question 32

What are verb forms?

Question 33

What is the purpose of conjugating in Latin

Answer 33

the act of joining a personal ending to a verb stem,

Question 34

What is a personal ending

Answer 34

Latin verb endings denote person (first/second/third) and number (singular/plural).

Question 35

What is a verb stem