basics simplified Flashcards
How does Latin express function and meaning?
Latin uses a system which adds different endings onto certain words to make their function and meaning clear.
What are conjugations?
They are verbs which, in Latin, fall into four regular groups.
What is the purpose/meaning of each conjugation?
The meaning of the word conjugation is a group of verbs which all have the same pattern of inflections (a word is modified to express different grammatical categories such as tense, case, voice, aspect, person, number, gender, mood, animacy, and definiteness.)
Verbs are classed in Four Regular Conjugations, distinguished by the stem vowel which appears before -re in the Present Infinitive Active.
What is the stem of the verb?
present stem (infectum), perfect stem (perfectum) and supine stem. The stem of a verb is its infinitive minus -ar, -er, -ir.
The verb stem carries the meaning of the verb and a characteristic vowel (conjugation)
the meaning is determined by the endings attached to the verb stem. These “personal endings” are used in virtually all tenses and must be memorized.
What are endings/personal endings?
Each conjugation has a common set of endings - the endings are called personal endings because they carry information about who the subject of the verb is.
These endings are traditionally identified by person (first, second, third) and number (singular, plural)
What is the infinitive?
the infinitive is a verbal noun (verb form which acts as a noun)
In Latin, the infinitive is used in the nominative and accusative;
What is the purpose of conjugation in Latin?
the act of joining a personal ending to a verb stem
What are personal endings? What purpose do they serve?
These endings are traditionally identified by person (first, second, third) and number (singular/plural)
What are finite forms?
Verb forms (conjugations) with personal endings are called finite forms, because they are limited by identifying the subject.
what does present active indicative mean?
